CODEWITHSUNDEEP
rubymetaprogramming
user1179942
user1179942

Reputation: 391

How to get attributes that were defined through attr_reader or attr_accessor

Suppose I have a class A

class A
  attr_accessor :x, :y

  def initialize(x,y)
    @x, @y = x, y
  end
end

How can I get x and y attributes without knowing how exactly they were named.

E.g.

a = A.new(5,10)
a.attributes # => [5, 10]

Upvotes: 26

Views: 46185

Answers (6)

zinovyev
zinovyev

Reputation: 2163

If you have attr_writers/attr_accessors defined on your attributes, than they can be easily retrieved by matching the =$ regexp:

A.instance_methods.each_with_object([]) { |key, acc| acc << key.to_s.gsub(/=$/, '') if key.match(/\w=$/) }

OR

A.instance_methods.each_with_object([]) { |key, acc| acc << key if key = key.to_s.match(/^(.*\w)=$/)&.[](1) }

Upvotes: 2

marksiemers
marksiemers

Reputation: 641

class A
  ATTRIBUTES = [:x, :y]
  attr_accessor *ATTRIBUTES

  def initialize(x,y)
    @x, @y = x, y
  end

  def attributes
    ATTRIBUTES.map{|attribute| self.send(attribute) }
  end
end

This may not be the DRY-est, but if you are only concerned with doing this for one class (as opposed to a base class that everything inherits from), then this should work.

Upvotes: 16

reto
reto

Reputation: 16752

See this other Stack Overflow Question. They override attr_accessor. 

  def self.attr_accessor(*vars)
    @attributes ||= []
    @attributes.concat vars
    super(*vars)
  end

  def self.attributes
    @attributes
  end

  def attributes
    self.class.attributes
  end

Upvotes: 3

Nicolas Bonnefon
Nicolas Bonnefon

Reputation: 557

While Sergio's answer helps, it will return all the instance variables, which if I understand correctly the OP's question, is not what is asked.

If you want to return only the 'attributes' that have e.g. a mutator, you have to do something slightly more complicated such as:

attrs = Hash.new
instance_variables.each do |var|
  str = var.to_s.gsub /^@/, ''
  if respond_to? "#{str}="
    attrs[str.to_sym] = instance_variable_get var
  end
end
attrs

This returns only the attributes declared with attr_accessor (or with a manually created mutator), and keep the internal instance variables hidden. You can do something similar if you want the ones declared with attr_reader.

Upvotes: 18

pgon
pgon

Reputation: 55

when you use attr_accessor to define attributes in a class, Ruby using refexion, define a couple of methods, for each attribute declared, one to get the value and other to set, an instance variable of the same name of the attribute

you can see this methods using

p A.instance_methods

[:x, :x=, :y, :y=, :nil?, :===, :=~, :!~, :eql?, :hash, :<=>, :class, :singleton_class, :clone, :dup, :initialize_dup, :initialize_clone, :taint, :tainted?, :untaint, :untrust, :untrusted?,..

So this attributes are accesible, outside the class, with

p "#{a.x},#{a.y}"

or inside the class through the corresponding instance variable

class A
  ...
  def attributes
    [@x,@y]
  end
  ...
end
p a.attributes   #=> [5,10]

Upvotes: 1

Sergio Tulentsev
Sergio Tulentsev

Reputation: 230471

Use introspection, Luke!

class A
  attr_accessor :x, :y

  def initialize(*args)
    @x, @y = args
  end

  def attrs
    instance_variables.map{|ivar| instance_variable_get ivar}
  end
end

a = A.new(5,10)
a.x # => 5
a.y # => 10
a.attrs # => [5, 10]

Upvotes: 36

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