CODEWITHSUNDEEP
cparametersvariadic-functions
hqt
hqt

Reputation: 30266

C : write a function doesn't know how many parameter

When learning C I see that printf can receive many arguments as it is passed.

And I don't know how C can implement a function like this, where the user can type as many parameters as the user wants. I have thought about pointers, too but still have no bright idea. If anyone has any ideas about this type of function, please tell me.

Upvotes: 4

Views: 228

Answers (4)

pb2q
pb2q

Reputation: 59607

You use C varargs to write a variadic function. You'll need to include stdargs.h, which gives you macros for iterating over an argument list of unknown size: va_start, va_arg, and va_end, using a datatype: va_list.

Here's a mostly useless function that prints out it's variable length argument list:

void printArgs(const char *arg1, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    char *str;

    if (arg1) We

        va_start(args, arg1);

        printf("%s ", arg1);

        while ((str = va_arg(argp, char *)) != NULL)
            printf("%s ", str);

        va_end(args);
    }
}

...

printArgs("print", "any", "number", "of", "arguments");

Here's a more interesting example that demonstrates that you can iterate over the argument list more than once.

Note that there are type safety issues using this feature; the wiki article addresses some of this.

Upvotes: 3

Trickfire
Trickfire

Reputation: 443

#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int add_all(int num,...)
{
    va_list args;
    int sum = 0;
    va_start(args,num);
    int x = 0;
    for(x = 0; x < num;x++)
        sum += va_arg(args,int);
    va_end(args);
    return sum;
}

int main()
{
    printf("Added 2 + 5 + 3: %d\n",add_all(3,2,5,3));
}

Upvotes: 3

Cygnus
Cygnus

Reputation: 3330

You need to use va_args, va_list and the like. Have a look at this tutorial. http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c/lesson17.html

That should be helpful.

Upvotes: 4

DPlusV
DPlusV

Reputation: 14326

You have to use the ... notation in your function declaration as the last argument.

Please see this tutorial to learn more: http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/c/lesson17.html

Upvotes: 4

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