Reputation: 24708

.gitignore is ignored by Git

My .gitignore file seems to be being ignored by Git - could the .gitignore file be corrupt? Which file format, locale or culture does Git expect?

My .gitignore:

# This is a comment
debug.log
nbproject/

Output from git status:

# On branch master
# Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit.
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       debug.log
#       nbproject/
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

I would like debug.log and nbproject/ not to appear in the untracked files list.

Where should I start looking to fix this?

Upvotes: 1765

Answers (30)

Yuriy N.

Reputation: 6147

I experienced that .gitignore is ignored working with Flutter project in VS Code on Windows 10.

I tried many of the above suggestions. Nothing helped.

Final solution: just delete .git folder and start with a new repository. .git folder is located in the root of Flutter project and hidden by default.

Be sure to add folders and files to .gitignore before the first commit.

Upvotes: -1

ifeegoo

Reputation: 7302

If it seems like Git isn't noticing the changes you made to your .gitignore file, you might want to check the following points:

There might be a global .gitignore file that might interfere with your local one

When you add something into a .gitignore file, try this:

  git add [uncommitted changes you want to keep] && git commit
  git rm -r --cached .
  git add .
  git commit -m "fixed untracked files"

If you remove something from a .gitignore file, and the above steps maybe don't work, if you found the above steps are not working, try this:

  git add -f [files you want to track again]
  git commit -m "Refresh removing files from .gitignore file."

  // For example, if you want the .java type file to be tracked again,
  // The command should be:
  //     git add -f *.java

Upvotes: 367

fetus-elitus

Reputation: 41

I saw that a few of you already answered that but I don't know whether it was stated clearly.

In my case the problem appeared due to creating the .gitignore file with echo commmand which resulted in file encoding being changed.

In order to fix that I had to open the text file, click save as and change the encoding in the bottom tab to UTF-8.

When I used the touch command to create the file and edit its contents via text editor the problem did not occur.

Upvotes: 2

critor

Reputation: 335

Despite having tried the various suggestions in this post and others (e.g. Gitignore not working and gitignore not working - being ignored?) I couldn't get git to ignore the files/folders contained within my .gitignore.txt file.

I should stress that unlike many of the previous answers that address the problem whereby a file/directory that has already been previously committed is to be untracked, in my case, I encountered this problem prior to making my first commit (i.e. having only run git init followed by git status).

There were a number of other promising suggestions including:

text file encoding must be ANSI instead of UTF, e.g. Encoding -> ANSI in Notepad++
EOL conversion for Windows, e.g. Edit -> EOL Conversion -> Windows in Notepad++
no leading or trailing whitespaces for the items in .gitignore.txt
no leading "/" when defining a folder

but none were applicable or resolved my issue.

After playing around with different ways of creating a .gitignore.txt file I managed to figure out how to get it to work, although I can't say that I understand why. It would be interesting to know if anyone can offer an explanation.

For the benefit of those who may also find that the previous answers don't address their issue I'll describe what I tried, what didn't work and what did. Hopefully by doing so it may also shed light on the why. Note that I'm using Windows 10.

Attempt #1 (failed)

Creating the new txt file in Windows Explorer:

(In the project folder) Right-click -> New -> Text document
Changed file name to ".gitignore"
Opened file in Notepad++, entered file/directory names to be ignored
Encoding -> ANSI [Note 1], save changes

I ran git status but the files/folders I wanted ignored were shown as untracked. I checked the file properties in Windows Explorer. As expected the filename was ".gitignore" and the file type was "Text Document (.txt)".

Note 1:

Several contributors have stated that the encoding must be ANSI (rather than UTF). In Notepad++ I've found that regardless whether I do Encoding -> ANSI, or Encoding -> Convert to ANSI + save, close the file, and re-open it (in Notepad++), when I check the encoding it always reports UTF-8. This was also the case for the .gitignore.txt file that eventually worked.

Attempt #2 (failed)

Creating the new txt file in Notepad++:

In Notepad++ created new file, entered items to ignore
Saved as ".gitignore.txt", changed "Save as type" from "Normal text file" (default) to "All types", and un-ticked the box "Append extension" (ticked by default).

I ran git status and as before all files/directories were listed under untracked files. As before the filename was ".gitignore" and the file type was "Text Document (.txt)".

Attempt #3 (succeeded)

With the same file (.gitignore.txt) still open in Notepad++:

Saved as ".gitignore" selected "Normal text file" for "Save as type", which automatically ticked the box "Append extension"

I noticed that the file created appeared to be name-less in Windows Explorer. I checked the file's properties: the file name field was blank and the file type was "Text Document (.gitignore)". After ticking "File name extensions" in Windows Explorer (View -> File name extensions) the "name-less" file shows the ".gitignore" extension.

I ran git status and this time the files/folders I wanted ignored were not listed as untracked files - success!

Opening the file in Notepad++ I noticed that the encoding was UTF-8, and the file name was identified as ".gitignore" (unlike in Windows Explorer).

So it appears there is subtlety in the way the txt file is created. Perhaps this is a peculiarity unique to Windows?

Upvotes: 2

Neil Gaetano Lindberg

Reputation: 2943

There are some great answers already, but my situation was tedious. I'd edited the source of an installed PLM (product lifecycle management) software on Win10 and afterward decided, "I probably should have made this a git repo."

So, the cache option won't work for me, directly. Posting for others who may have added source control AFTER doing a bunch of initial work AND .gitignore isn't working BUT, you might be scared to lose a bunch of work so git rm --cached isn't for you.

!IMPORTANT: This is really because I added git too late to a "project" that is too big and seems to ignore my .gitignore. I've NO commits, ever. I can git away with this :)

First, I just did:

rm -rf .git
rm -rf .gitignore

Then, I had to have a picture of my changes. Again, this is an install product that I've done changes on. Too late for the first commit of the pure master branch. So, I needed a list of what I changed since I'd installed the program by adding > changed.log to either of the following:

PowerShell

# Get files modified since date.
Get-ChildItem -Path path\to\installed\software\ -Recurse -File | Where-Object -FilterScript {($_.LastWriteTime -gt '2020-02-25')} | Select-Object FullName

Bash

# Get files modified in the last 10 days...
find ./ -type f -mtime -10

Now, I have my list of what I changed in the last ten days (let's not get into best practices here other than to say, yes, I did this to myself).

For a fresh start, now:

git init .
# Create and edit .gitignore

I had to compare my changed list to my growing .gitignore, running git status as I improved it, but my edits in .gitignore are read-in as I go.

Finally, I've the list of desired changes! In my case it's boilerplate - some theme work along with sever xml configs specific to running a dev system against this software that I want to put in a repo for other devs to grab and contribute on... This will be our master branch, so committing, pushing, and, finally BRANCHING for new work!

Upvotes: 7

user3251882

Reputation: 960

Lot of answers here but what worked for me is not altogether in any particular one , I am jotting all the steps one by one that needs to be done here in a simple manner :

Pre --- Take a backup of repo just in case. (I did not but may make you feel safer)

Make sure whether this is your first commit or earlier these files were add and thus have become cached.
If yes , then git rm -r --cached . and git add . (do not miss the dot)
If it still isn't working , open file in notepad
Go to File -> Save as
Change the encoding to ANSI. (Some answers mistakenly say UTF-8 , but it doesn't work and wastes time needlessly)
Again git rm -r --cached . and git add . (do not miss the dot)
Now do Git status and verify what we wanted has happened

Upvotes: 1

Jesse

Reputation: 161

Whenever I encounter the situation that git is tracking a file that is listed in .gitignore, I use the following:

git update-index --skip-worktree <file_name>

Upvotes: 13

Alin Huruba

Reputation: 35861

Even if you haven't tracked the files so far, Git seems to be able to "know" about them even after you add them to .gitignore.

WARNING: First commit or stash your current changes, or you will lose them.

Then run the following commands from the top folder of your Git repository:

git rm -r --cached .
git add .
git commit -m "fixed untracked files"

Upvotes: 3544

CKM

Reputation: 1971

My 30 cent trick:

Pl clean your directory. git clean -f (I tried git rm -r --cached . but it did not work for me.)

Warning: git clean -f will remove untracked files, meaning they're gone for good since they aren't stored in the repository. Make sure you really want to remove all untracked files before doing this.

May be you can try git clean -xdf which removes ignored dirs and untracked files

Now bring HEAD to the current position git reset HEAD --hard.
check git status.
Now create .gitignore which in my cases wanted to ignore a folder called data. So I wrote /data/ (initial / is for file/folder, later / is for folder only).
Now do git add, commit, and push.

Upvotes: 0

Tahi Reu

Reputation: 590

PhpStorm (and probably some other IDE users), in my case problem was that I created and added file outside the project, through the finder.

I deleted that one, and recreated the same one but in PhpStorm project, with right-click -> New -> File, and it worked right away.

Upvotes: 0

Rock Lee

Reputation: 9576

This might sound silly, but what solved my problem was realizing that .gitignore is working correctly, even if it says deleted: yourfile on git status.

I was going to ignore an error log file, to ignore any errors I caused, but save the ones caused by other developers in case they came in handy one day while debugging an odd problem. However, git does not let you "ignore" and also keep a file at the same time.

I wanted it to be "frozen in time", but git says it either gets tracked, or it is not allowed to be there at all.

Upvotes: 0

JSalys

Reputation: 179

My problem was that I wrote down files to ignore with quotes " " separation not with slash /.

This did not work and was ignored by git :

"db.sqlite3"
"tdd_venv/"

This worked just fine :

/db.sqlite3
/tdd_venv/

I also checked my file encoding in windows with Notepad++. Encoding was set to UTF-8.

Upvotes: 2

Kari

Reputation: 1370

Mine wasn't working because I've literaly created a text document called .gitignore

Instead, create a text document, open it in Notepad++ then save as .gitignore

Make sure to pick All types (*.*) from the dropdown when you save it.

Or in gitbash, simply use touch .gitignore

Upvotes: 2

U.A

Reputation: 3383

I too have the same issue on Ubuntu, I created the .gitignore from the terminal and it works for me

touch .gitignore

Upvotes: 2

maximusg

Reputation: 143

Specifically for Windows users: If you have untracked files and clearing/removing the cached files is not working. Try opening PowerShell and converting the .gitignore file to UTF-8 encoding:

$Myfile = Get-Content .\.gitignore`
$Myfile | Out-File -Encoding "UTF8" .gitignore

You need to only do this once to encode the .gitignore file for that directory, and since the file is then encoded correctly, whenever you edit the file in the future it should work. I believe this is due to a glitch with GitHub not being about to read non UTF-8 encoding for a .gitignore file. As far as I'm aware this issue has not yet been resolved for Windows. It's not too big of a deal, just a pain to debug when it's not working.

Upvotes: 9

roipoussiere

Reputation: 5976

I had this problem, with a .gitignore file containing this line:

lib/ext/

I just realized that in fact, this directory is a symbolic link to a folder somewhere else:

ls -la lib/ext/
lrwxr-xr-x 1 roipoussiere users 47 Feb  6 14:16 lib/ext -> /home/roipoussiere/real/path/to/the/lib

On the line lib/ext/, Git actually looks for a folder, but a symbolic link is a file, so my lib folder is not ignored.

I fixed this by replacing lib/ext/ by lib/ext in my .gitignore file.

Upvotes: 6

Oleg Zarevennyi

Reputation: 3212

Another possible reason – a few instances of Git clients running at the same time. For example, "git shell" + "GitHub Desktop", etc.

This happened to me. I was using "GitHub Desktop" as the main client, and it was ignoring some new .gitignore settings: commit after commit:

You commit something.
Next, commit: it ignores .gitignore settings. Commit includes lots of temporary files mentioned in the .gitignore.
Clear Git cache; check whether .gitignore is UTF-8; remove files → commit → move files back; skip one commit – nothing helped.

Reason: the Visual Studio Code editor was running in the background with the same opened repository. Visual Studio Code has built-in Git control, and this makes for some conflicts.

Solution: double-check multiple, hidden Git clients and use only one Git client at a time, especially while clearing the Git cache.

Upvotes: 4

Ahmad

Reputation: 5760

I've created .gitignore using echo "..." > .gitignore in PowerShell in Windows, because it does not let me to create it in Windows Explorer.

The problem in my case was the encoding of the created file, and the problem was solved after I changed it to ANSI.

Upvotes: 4

aviral sanjay

Reputation: 983

It is also a possibility that you edited the .gitignore file with a sudo command. I encountered the same issue and while executing the commands: git status, I could still see the "should be ignored" files.

Upon editing with nano .gitignore instead of sudo nano .gitignore, I could see the correct reflection.

Upvotes: 2

user8118328

Reputation: 703

For me it was yet another problem. My .gitignore file is set up to ignore everything except stuff that I tell it to not ignore. Like such:

/*
!/content/

Now this obviously means that I'm also telling Git to ignore the .gitignore file itself. Which was not a problem as long as I was not tracking the .gitignore file. But at some point I committed the .gitignore file itself. This then led to the .gitignore file being properly ignored.

So adding one more line fixed it:

/*
!/content/
!.gitignore

Upvotes: 3

Ozesh

Reputation: 6994

If you are a Notepad++ user, try doing the following:

Open your .gitignore file using Notepad++ and do:

Menu Edit → EOL Conversion → Windows Format → Save.

Try using git status again and see if it works for you.

I have posted the answer to a similar question here.

Upvotes: 1

pcdev

Reputation: 3062

My issue was (as OP suggested) a corrupt .gitignore file. I didn't believe that it was and ignored the possibility until everything else failed. The corruption didn't show up in vi, but there were two bytes on the start of the file that caused the .gitignore file to be ignored. For me, these only showed up when I typed cat .gitignore, which showed:

��# Built application files
*.apk
*.ap_

# ...

I have no idea how these ended up there, but recreating the file fixed the issue. A hex analysis of the corrupt file showed the following:

user@dev ~/project/myproject $ xxd -b .gitignore
00000000: 11111111 11111110 00100011 00000000 00100000 00000000  ..#. .
00000006: 01000010 00000000 01110101 00000000 01101001 00000000  B.u.i.

Upvotes: 6

James

Reputation: 1547

One tricky thing not covered by the other answers here is that the .gitignore file won't work if you have inline comments, like this:

foo/bar # The bar file contains sensitive data so we don't want to make this public

So, if you do have comments like that, change them like this:

# The bar file contains sensitive data so we don't want to make this public
foo/bar

Upvotes: 3

bprdev

Reputation: 1048

I just ran into this issue. The content within my .gitignore file continued to appear in the list of untracked files.

I was using this to create the ignore file:

echo "node_modules" > .gitignore

It turns out that the double quotations were causing the issue for me. I deleted the ignore file and then used the command again without quotes, and it worked as expected. I did not need to mess with the file encoding. I'm on a Windows 10 machine using Cmder.

Example:

echo node_modules > .gitignore

Upvotes: 8

Edesa

Reputation: 591

In my case, it's because the files already exist in the repository and I'm trying to ignore it.

These are the things I did to fix the issue:

Copy the files to a temporary folder
Remove them from my project folder.
Commit the changes which remove those files from the repository
Re-added those files to my project folder

By then, any changes I made on those files were ignored.

I think you can't ignore files that already exist on the repository.

Upvotes: 25

Atif Hussain

Reputation: 898

Just remove the folder or file, which was committed previously in Git, by the following command. Then gitignore file will reflect the correct files.

    git rm -r -f "folder or files insides"

Upvotes: 1

raga

Reputation: 937

For me none of the previous answers worked. I had to copy .gitignore text into the exclude.txt file found at

<Your-project-folder>\.git\info

Once done, refresh your changes and all the untracked files are gone. Commit as usual.

Upvotes: 6

Steven Stark

Reputation: 1259

As with the other solutions, commit first and be aware that you will lose any un-committed changes.

I had better results with this:

git rm -r --cached .
git reset HEAD --hard
git status

Note that the status shouldn't have any modified files now.

Upvotes: 37

Bartosz

Reputation: 4786

OK, so in my case the accepted solution did not work, and what worked is described here:

Is Visual Studio 2013 ignoring your .gitignore file?

In short:

Close Visual Studio.
Navigate to your .git folder
Delete ms-persist.xml
Restart Visual Studio

Upvotes: 6

CESCO

Reputation: 7768

All the answers here are actually workarounds. You need to create the .gitignore file before you run git init. Otherwise git will never know you need to ignore those files, because they have been tracked already.

echo .idea/ >> .gitignore
git init

If you develop on a daily basis, I advise you to add your habitual ignored files to your ~/.gitignore_global file. That way, git will already know which files you (meaning "your user", since it's a file in your home directory) usually ignore.

Upvotes: 20

.gitignore is ignored by Git

Answers (30)

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