tim11g
tim11g

Reputation: 1983

How to "build" a negative 32 bit integer from bytes without a range check error?

I need to convert a 21 bit signed integer (provided in three 7-bit characters) into a 32 bit signed integer. I'm trying to make the function below work. If I define outval as integer, I get range check on the "outval := outval or $FFF00000" statement. If I change outval to a longword, I get range check on "Val21bit := outval". Range checks occur only when the value is negative.

Other than turning off range checking around the assignment, is there any "proper" way to make this work?

function Val21bit(sx:string):integer;       {Input of 3 character string, Vh, Vm, Vl}
var
  outval : longword; // define as Longword to allow or-ing in high bit
{        valueH : 0scccccc
         valueM : 0bbbbbbb
         valueL : 0aaaaaaa
         int    : ssssssss sssscccc ccbbbbbb baaaaaaa  }

begin
     outval := byte(sx[1]);                             //  00000000 00000000 00000000 0scccccc       highest order first
     outval := (outval shl 7) or ($7F and byte(sx[2])); //  00000000 00000000 00sccccc cbbbbbbb
     outval := (outval shl 7) or ($7F and byte(sx[3])); //  00000000 000scccc ccbbbbbb baaaaaaa
     if (outval and $00100000) <> 0 then                //              ^     if sign bit is high, fill in to left
         outval := outval or $FFF00000;                 //  ssssssss sssscccc ccbbbbbb baaaaaaa
     Val21bit  := outval;
end;

Upvotes: 4

Views: 658

Answers (1)

kludg
kludg

Reputation: 27493

Yes, just typecast explicitly:

 Val21bit  := Integer(outval);

Upvotes: 9

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