CODEWITHSUNDEEP
htmlcss
neodymium
neodymium

Reputation: 3936

Body height 100% displaying vertical scrollbar

Out of curiosity, considering the example below, why does having the margin on the #container div cause a vertical scrollbar to appear in the browser? The container is much smaller in height than the body height which is set to 100%.

I have set the padding and margins to 0 for all elements except the #container. Note that I have deliberately omitted absolute positioning on the #container div. In this case how is the browser calculating the height of the body and how is the margin affecting it?

* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

html,
body {
  height: 100%;
}

#container {
  padding: 10px;
  margin: 50px;
  border: 1px solid black;
  width: 200px;
  height: 100px;
}
<div id='container'></div>

Example also on JSFiddle

Upvotes: 124

Views: 140072

Answers (17)

Daniel
Daniel

Reputation: 1

I started using flexbox for my webapps where i want a 100% height.

html {
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
body { 
  flex: 1;
}

Works for overflown content as well, showing scrollbar only if necessary.

Upvotes: 0

Артур Гудиев
Артур Гудиев

Reputation: 1144

I have the same issue. The reason was in the style

border: 1px solid red;

Once I removed it the problem disappeared

Upvotes: 1

Erdem &#214;ZT&#220;RK
Erdem &#214;ZT&#220;RK

Reputation: 11

you can add non-breaking space into the body tag.

<body> &nbsp; <othertags>...</body>

Upvotes: 1

user12819285
user12819285

Reputation:

It works for me:

html,
body {
    height: 100%;
    height: -webkit-fill-available; // Chrome
}

// Firefox
@-moz-document url-prefix() {
    body {
        box-sizing: border-box; 
        margin: 0;
        padding: 1px;
    }
}

Upvotes: -1

FluorescentGreen5
FluorescentGreen5

Reputation: 947

For those who are coming here for an easier to understand answer that even includes code samples, this answer (copied from here) is for you.

No JavaScript or definite pixel values (such as 100px) are required, just, pure CSS and percentages.

If your div is just sitting there on its own, height: 50% will mean 50% the height of the body. Normally, the height of the body is zero without any visible content, so 50% of that is just, well, zero.

This is the solution (based on this) (uncomment the background lines to get a visualisation of the padding):

/* Makes <html> take up the full page without requiring content to stretch it to that height. */

html
{
  height: 100%;
  
  /* background: green; */
}

body
{
  /*
    100% the height of <html> minus 1 multiple of the total extra height from the padding of <html>.
    This prevents an unnecessary vertical scrollbar from appearing.
  */
  height: calc(100% - 1em);
  
  /* background: blue; */
}

/* In most cases it's better to use stylesheets instead of inline-CSS. */
div
{
  width: 50%;
  height: 50%;
  
  background: red;
}
<div></div>

The above was written so that there would still be the usual padding. You could set the dimensions of the red div to 100% and still see padding on each side/end. If you don't want this padding, use this (although it doesn't look nice, I recommend you stick with the first example):

/* Makes <html> take up the full page without requiring content to stretch it to that height. */

html, body
{
  height: 100%;
}

/* You can uncomment it but you wouldn't be able to see it anyway. */

/*
html
{
  background: green;
}
*/

body
{
  margin: 0;
  
 /* background: blue; */
}

/* In most cases it's better to use stylesheets instead of inline-CSS */
div
{
  width: 50%;
  height: 50%;
  
  background: red;
}
<div></div>

Upvotes: 3

Wale
Wale

Reputation: 109

/*removes default margin & padding*/
html, body{
    padding: 0px !important;
    margin: 0px !important;
}

/*sets body height to max; and allows scrollbar as page content grows*/
body{
    min-height: 100vh;
}

Upvotes: 4

Evan Hu
Evan Hu

Reputation: 1017

Inspired by @BoltClock, I tried this and it worked, even when zoom out and in.

Browser: Chrome 51

html{
  height: 100%;
}
body{
  height: 100%;
  margin: 0px;
  position: relative;
  top: -20px;
}

I guess body was shifted down 20px.

Upvotes: -1

Vikash Pal
Vikash Pal

Reputation: 33

I have found a solution: add padding: 1px 0; to body prevents vertical scrollbars to appear

Upvotes: 0

ben.tiberius.avery
ben.tiberius.avery

Reputation: 2334

adding float:left; is nice, but will interfere with central horizontal positioning using margin:auto;

if you know how big your margin is, you can account for that in your height percentage using calc:

height: calc(100% - 50px);

browser support is good, but only IE11+ https://caniuse.com/#feat=calc

Upvotes: 4

fjkjava
fjkjava

Reputation: 1464

html,body {
   height: 100%;
   margin: 0;
   overflow: hidden;
}

This worked for me

Upvotes: 11

TheZacher5645
TheZacher5645

Reputation: 1

I saw this problem fixed before where you put all the contents of body in a div called wrap. Wrap's style should be set to position: relative; min-height: 100%;. To position #container div 50px from the top and left put a div inside wrap with a padding set to 50px. Margins will not work with wrap and the div we just made, but they will work in #container and everything inside it.

here's my fix on jsfiddle.

Upvotes: 0

lalit bhakuni
lalit bhakuni

Reputation: 627

html, body {
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

If you want to remove the body scrolling add the following style:

body {
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

Upvotes: -1

NexusRex
NexusRex

Reputation: 2160

Add overflow: hidden; to html and body.

html, body {
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

Upvotes: -4

gawkface
gawkface

Reputation: 2312

Based upon @BoltClock♦'s answer, I fixed it by zeroing the margin...
so

html,body, #st-full-pg {
   height: 100%;
   margin: 0;
}

works where id "st-full-pg" is assigned to a panel div (which further contained panel-heading and panel-body)

Upvotes: 31

Michel
Michel

Reputation: 4157

A bit late, but maybe it helps someone.

Adding float: left; to #container removes the scrollbar, as W3C says:

•Margins between a floated box and any other box do not collapse (not even between a float and its in-flow children).

Upvotes: 24

user1254226
user1254226

Reputation: 1

I found a quick solution: try set height to 99.99% instead of 100%

Upvotes: -12

BoltClock
BoltClock

Reputation: 723388

If you paint the backgrounds of html and body (giving each its own color), you'll quickly notice that body is being shifted down along with #container, and #container itself isn't offset from the top of body at all. This is a side effect of margin collapse, which I cover in detail here (although that answer describes a slightly different setup).

It's this behavior that's causing the scrollbar to appear, since you've declared body to have 100% the height of html. Note that the actual height of body is unaffected, as margins are never included in height calculations.

Upvotes: 83

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