CODEWITHSUNDEEP
iphonexcodebuildcompilationperformance
Brad Parks
Brad Parks

Reputation: 72221

How to decrease build times / speed up compile time in Xcode?

What strategies can be used in general to decrease build times for any Xcode project? I'm mostly interested in Xcode specific strategies.

I'm doing iPhone development using Xcode, and my project is slowly getting bigger and bigger. I find the compile / link phases are starting to take more time than I'd like.

Currently, I'm:

I've noticed that the "Checking Dependencies" phase seems to take longer than I'd like. Any tips to decrease that as well would be appreciated!

Upvotes: 75

Views: 47040

Answers (14)

Tim Keating
Tim Keating

Reputation: 6641

Easy answer: add another machine running Xcode on your local network. Xcode incorporates distcc to do distributed compiles. It can even use Bonjour to find other build hosts, which simplifies the process of configuring this greatly. For large builds, distributing can get you a speed increase that is nearly linearly proportional to the number of build machines (2 machines takes half the time, three takes a third and so on).

To see how to set this up, you can consult this development doc. It also features other useful build time improvement strategies, such as using precompiled headers and predictive builds.

Edit: Sadly, it appears Apple has removed this feature as of Xcode 4.3: http://lists.apple.com/archives/xcode-users/2012/Mar/msg00048.html

Xcode 5 has a server version which can do CI, but I doubt this will confer any benefit for ad hoc developer builds. However, there are some unannounced features that should dramatically speed up build times.

Upvotes: 11

fons
fons

Reputation: 5147

I wrote an extensive blog post about how I improved the iOS development cycle at Spotify:

Shaving off 50% waiting time from the iOS Edit-Build-Test cycle

It boiled down to:

1) Stop generating dSYM bundles.

2) Avoid compiling with -O4 if using Clang.

Upvotes: 26

Wayne
Wayne

Reputation: 3519

I used a script to make use of a RAM drive, together with some "forward declarations" optimizations my project clean build time went from 53 seconds to 20 seconds.

I was tempted to get the Gui on the AppStore, but opted rather to go for command line. I put the script as part of git repository.

To see the build times, enter this in a terminal: "defaults write com.apple.dt.Xcode ShowBuildOperationDuration YES"

Restart Xcode to notice the build times in the toolbar. (this is my non clean build time using objective-c) Cached build times

Adjust the script to your liking. - Note the script clears the derived data folder.

#!/bin/sh

#2 GIG RAM
GIGA_BYTES=$((2*1024*1024*1024))

# a sector is 512 bytes
NUMSECTORS=$((${GIGA_BYTES}/512))

#ram disk
mydev=`hdiutil attach -nomount ram://$NUMSECTORS`
newfs_hfs $mydev

# make mount point
MOUNT_POINT=/Users/your_user_name/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData

# ******************************************* 
# ** WARNING - MOUNT POINT WILL BE DELETED ** 
# *******************************************
rm -rf ${MOUNT_POINT}
mkdir -p ${MOUNT_POINT}

# mount
mount -t hfs $mydev ${MOUNT_POINT}
echo unmount $(MOUNT_POINT)

To see the effect and to control the RAM Drive:

mount                       - see mount points
umount mount_point          - unmount point
diskutil list               - see disks
diskutil eject /dev/diskX   - eject the disk
df -ahl                     - see free space

NOTE: I essentially use the hdiutil provided by macOs. I tried switching the -kernel option (no swapping to disk) on but failed on my machine, saying it is not implemented.

Maybe the new OS coming soon we will see even more improvements as the new file system copy feature is really fast, and possibly makes this script redundant.

Upvotes: 8

Thyselius
Thyselius

Reputation: 954

If your whole project gets rebuilt every time you hit run, that's probably the bug in XCode 7.0 <= 8.1 giving you a hard time.

Creating the user defined build setting HEADERMAP_USES_VFS to YES cut the macbook compile time from 75 seconds each time, to 25 seconds. See Xcode 8 does full project rebuild for more info.

Upvotes: 1

Thyselius
Thyselius

Reputation: 954

I switched to Hackintosh with a 5960x CPU, overclocked to 4.4GHz only to bring down Xcode compile time. That's 8 cores and 16 threads. Total cost $3000 for a computer that crushes all macs. However I've spent at least 10 days getting it set up, first with Yosemite, the. I had six months downtime when I couldn't update macOS while Xcode required a newer os. I just got it running sierra and life is good again.

My 2,8 GHz i7 double core 16 GB RAM MacBook Pro compiles my project in 75 seconds, the Hackintosh in 20 seconds. (Swift, dlib, opencv c++ in the project)

However the biggest problem is Xcode doesn't seem to use multiple threads when compiling swift. This is the bottleneck, I hope they will fix it soon.

Upvotes: -1

Joaquim Paz Carvalho
Joaquim Paz Carvalho

Reputation: 37

one word: TmpDisk

  1. Use TmpDisk to Create a 1.5Gb RAM disk
  2. Change Xcode > Preferences > Location > Derived Data to /Volumes/1.5Gb/xcode data
  3. Enjoy the speed!

Upvotes: 2

bobobobo
bobobobo

Reputation: 67296

One huge tip to halve compile times (for iOS projects at least) is to set Build Settings / Architectures / Build Active Architecture Only to YES.

What this does (especially with the advent of 64-bit iPads/64-bit compiler) is to not build the binary for the architectures you're not currently using.

Make sure you remember to re-enable this setting on submission to the app store, or your binary will not validate.

Upvotes: 8

user353877
user353877

Reputation: 1231

Quick Note Regarding 'Throw more hardware at it' approach..

SUMMARY: I experienced a SMALL speed increase from making a SIGNIFICANT hardware upgrade

Test: Build/Run the exact same project on cloned macbooks (where the only difference should be their hardware)

Old Macbook Air (1.86GHZ Core 2 Duo ONLY 2GB RAM) vs Brand New Macbook Pro (2.3GHZ Core i7 8GB RAM)

BUILDING ON IPHONE 3GS
Macbook Air 1:00 - 1:15
Macbook Pro ~1:00

=> 0 to 0:15 of speed increase

BUILDING ON IPHONE 4S
Macbook Pro ~0:35
Macbook Air ~0:50

=> ~15 seconds of speed increase

**Partially tested: There DOES apear to a significant difference between build times for the SIMULATOR between the 2 machines


In my continued experience.. you WILL get a significant increase when making big changes in PHONE hardware (i.e. build time on a 3GS vs iphone 5 (or 4 for that matter)).. at least in my experience, the limiting factor was the phone hardware (not the computer hardware).

SO.. to get the fastest build time..
option1) write code and run in the simulater on a fast computer OR
option 2) build on the device with the lastest iphone

Upvotes: 1

Dan Carter
Dan Carter

Reputation: 587

If you're not using 8GB of RAM, upgrade now.

I just upgraded my macbook pro from 4GB to 8GB. My project build time went from 2:10 to 0:45. I was floored by the improvement. It also makes web browsing for research snappier and general Xcode performance when indexing, etc.

Upvotes: 12

memmons
memmons

Reputation: 40502

The number of threads Xcode will use to perform tasks defaults to the same number of cores your CPU has. For example, a Mac with an Intel Core i7 has two cores, so by default Xcode will use a maximum of two threads. Since compile times are often I/O-bound rather than CPU-bound, increasing the number of threads Xcode uses can provide a significant performance boost for compiles.

Try configuring Xcode to use 3, 4 or 8 threads and see which one provides the best performance for your use case.

You can set the number of processes Xcode uses from Terminal as follows:

defaults write com.apple.Xcode PBXNumberOfParallelBuildSubtasks 4

Please see Xcode User Defaults for more information.

Upvotes: 12

Goles
Goles

Reputation: 11799

Hey there, I would recommend you to optimize your project's physical structure. There's some good reading about this ( at least in the C++ world ) , but I do objective-C and the same principles often apply.

Here's a great article about project's physical structure optimization, which tends to improve compile times Games From Within: Physical Structure Part 1

Good luck :)

Upvotes: 2

Tetrad
Tetrad

Reputation: 324

You mentioned using static libs for your most-often used files to prevent compilation. You can accomplish something similar by putting headers to your code that it's frequently used but not in your static libs in the precompiled header. At least they'll only be compiled once.

Care must be taken to avoid issues if you have multiple compilation types across your project (e.g. Obj-C, Obj-C++, C++).

Upvotes: 2

Form
Form

Reputation: 1989

Personally I switched compiler to LLVM-Clang for my Mac development projects and have seen a dramatic decrease in build times. There's also the LLVM-GCC compiler but I'm not sure this would help with build times, still that's something you can try too if LLVM-Clang does not work for iPhone app compilation.

I'm not 100% sure LLVM is supported for development on the iPhone but I think I remember reading in a news feed that it is. That's not an optimization you can implement in your code but it's worth the try!

Upvotes: 17

Reed Copsey
Reed Copsey

Reputation: 564771

Often, the largest thing you can do is to control your inclusion of header files.

Including "extra" header files in source code dramatically slows down the compilation. This also tends to increase the time required for dependency checking.

Also, using forward declaration instead of having headers include other headers can dramatically reduce the number of dependencies, and help all of your timings.

Upvotes: 57

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