CODEWITHSUNDEEP
c++
robson3.14
robson3.14

Reputation: 3109

Getting the number of elements in std::array at compile time

Is the following a valid C++ code, and why not?

std::array<std::string, 42> a1;
std::array<int, a1.size()> a2;

It doesn't compile in GCC 4.8 (in C++11 mode). There is a simple but inelegant workaround:

std::array<std::string, 42> a1;
std::array<int, sizeof(a1)/sizeof(a1[0])> a2;

So clearly the compiler can figure out the number of elements in std::array. Why std::array::size() is not a constexpr static function?

EDIT: I have found another workaround:

std::array<std::string, 42> a1;
std::array<int, std::tuple_size<decltype(a1)>::value> a2;

Upvotes: 38

Views: 17346

Answers (5)

rustyx
rustyx

Reputation: 85531

std::tuple_size has a specialization for std::array for this purpose:

std::array<int, 42> a1;
std::array<int, std::tuple_size<decltype(a1)>::value> a2;

Since C++17 can use a shorthand std::tuple_size_v:

std::array<int, 42> a1;
std::array<int, std::tuple_size_v<decltype(a1)>> a2;

Upvotes: 3

Qaz
Qaz

Reputation: 61970

std::array::size is actually required to be constexpr per § 23.3.2.1 of the C++11 standard:

23.3.2.4 array::size [array.size]  
template <class T, size_t N> constexpr size_type array<T,N>::size() noexcept;  
Returns: N

I'm guessing this just slipped past whoever implemented it in GCC.

After testing, this works:

std::array<int, 42> a1;
std::array<int, a1.size()> a2;

This may actually have something to do with std::string not being a valid constexpr type to make compile-time instances of, whereas int is.

Upvotes: 11

Ben Voigt
Ben Voigt

Reputation: 283883

You can use the same template-inference method as has always been used for C++98 array bound detection.

template<size_t N, typename T>
constant_integer<N> array_size( const std::array<T, N>& );

Make a nice macro wrapper and enjoy!

Many variations are also possible, such as:

Upvotes: 5

Adam H. Peterson
Adam H. Peterson

Reputation: 4601

array<T>::size() is constexpr, but you can't use it in this way because a1 isn't a constexpr value. Additionally, it can't be constexpr because string isn't a literal type.

However, you can work around this if you want, by deducing the size_t template parameter. Example:

#include <string>
#include <array>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

template<typename>
struct array_size;
template<typename T, size_t N>
struct array_size<array<T,N> > {
    static size_t const size = N;
};

array<string, 42> a1;
array<string, array_size<decltype(a1)>::size> a2;

int main() {
    cout << a2.size() << endl;
}

Upvotes: 26

aaronman
aaronman

Reputation: 18761

It is not static but it is a constexpr http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/array/array/size/
EDIT: this may not be a bug, take a look at this Error using a constexpr as a template parameter within the same class

Upvotes: 0

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