Declare an empty two-dimensional array in Javascript?

Question

I want to create a two dimensional array in Javascript where I'm going to store coordinates (x,y). I don't know yet how many pairs of coordinates I will have because they will be dynamically generated by user input.

Example of pre-defined 2d array:

var Arr=[[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]];

I guess I can use the PUSH method to add a new record at the end of the array.

How do I declare an empty two dimensional array so that when I use my first Arr.push() it will be added to the index 0, and every next record written by push will take the next index?

This is probably very easy to do, I'm just a newbie with JS, and I would appreciate if someone could write a short working code snippet that I could examine. Thanks

Answer 1

This one should work:

const arr = new Array(5).fill().map(_ => new Array(5).fill(0)) // ✅

You may ask why did I use map instead of:

const badArr = new Array(5).fill(new Array(5).fill(0)) // ❌

The problem with the example above is that it adds references of the array that was passed into the fill method:

While this one works fine:

Answer 2

const dp=new Array(3).fill(new Array(3).fill(-1))

It will create below array:

[ [ -1, -1, -1 ], [ -1, -1, -1 ], [ -1, -1, -1 ] ]

Answer 3

If we don’t use ES2015 and don’t have fill(), just use .apply()

See https://stackoverflow.com/a/47041157/1851492

let Array2D = (r, c, fill) => Array.apply(null, new Array(r))
  .map(function() {
    return Array.apply(null, new Array(c))
      .map(function() {return fill})
  })

console.log(JSON.stringify(Array2D(3,4,0)));
console.log(JSON.stringify(Array2D(4,5,1)));

Answer 4

ES6

Matrix m with size 3 rows and 5 columns (remove .fill(0) to not init by zero)

[...Array(3)].map(_=>Array(5).fill(0))       

let Array2D = (r,c) => [...Array(r)].map(_=>Array(c).fill(0));

let m = Array2D(3,5);

m[1][0] = 2;  // second row, first column
m[2][4] = 8;  // last row, last column

// print formated array
console.log(JSON.stringify(m)
  .replace(/(\[\[)(.*)(\]\])/g,'[\n  [$2]\n]').replace(/],/g,'],\n  ')
);

Answer 5

The most simple way to create an empty matrix is just define it as an empty array:

// Empty data structure
const matrix = []

However, we want to represent something similar to a grid with n and m parameters know ahead then we can use this instead.

// n x m data structure
const createGrid = (n, m) => [...Array(n)].map(() => [...Array(m)].fill(0))
const grid = createGrid(3, 5)

Here is a simple snippet showing how to use them.

const createGrid = (n, m) => [...Array(n)].map(() => [...Array(m)].fill(0))

const toString = m => JSON.stringify(m)
  .replace(/(\[\[)(.*)(]])/g, '[\n  [$2]\n]')
  .replace(/],/g, '],\n  ')

// Empty data structure
const matrix = []
console.log(toString(matrix))

matrix.push([1,2,3])
matrix.push([4,5,6])
matrix.push([7,8,9])
console.log(toString(matrix))

// n x m data structure
const grid = createGrid(3, 5)
console.log(toString(grid))

Answer 6

ES6

const rows = 2;
const columns = 3;

const matrix = [...Array(rows)].map(() => [...Array(columns)].fill(0));

console.log(matrix);

Answer 7

If you want to be able access the matrix like so:

matrix[i][j]

I find it the most convenient to init it in a loop.

var matrix = [],
    cols = 3;

//init the grid matrix
for ( var i = 0; i < cols; i++ ) {
    matrix[i] = []; 
}

This will give you

[ [], [], [] ]

so

matrix[0][0]
matrix[1][0]

returns undefined and not the error "Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set property '0' of undefined".

Answer 8

One Liner

let m = 3 // rows
let n = 3 // columns
let array2D = Array(m).fill().map(entry => Array(n))

This implementation creates a unique subarray for each entry. So setting array2D[0][1] = 'm' does not set each entry's [1] index to 'm'

Answer 9

You can nest a new array as you fill the first one:

let ROWS = 2,
    COLS = 6;
let arr = new Array(ROWS).fill(new Array(COLS).fill(-1));

Output:
arr = 
[
  [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1],
  [-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]
]

If you're confused, lets break this down with declaring/filling 1 array: Make a new array size d, filled with any initial value

let arr1d = new Array(d).fill(<whatever_fill_val>);

Now, instead of filling your first array with a int/string/etc, you can fill it with ANOTHER array, as you fill the nested one!

let arr = new Array(d).fill(new Array(n).fill(-1));

Answer 10

I know this is an old thread but I'd like to suggest using an array of objects rather than an array of arrays. I think it make the code simpler to understand and update.

// Use meaningful variable names like 'points', 
// anything better than a bad pirate joke, 'arr'!
var points = [];

// Create an object literal, then add it to the array
var point = {x: 0, y: 0};
points.push(point);

// Create and add the object to the array in 1 line
points.push({x:5, y:5});

// Create the object from local variables 
var x = 10;
var y = 8;
points.push({x, y});

// Ask the user for a point too
var response = prompt("Please enter a coordinate point. Example: 3,8");
var coords = response.split(",").map(Number);
points.push({x: coords[0], y: coords[1]});

// Show the results
var canvas = document.getElementById('graph');
var painter = canvas.getContext("2d");
var width = canvas.width, height = canvas.height;
var scale = 10, radius = 3.5, deg0 = 0, deg360 = 2 * Math.PI;

painter.beginPath();
for (var point of points) {
    var x = point.x * scale + scale;
    var y = height - point.y * scale - scale;
    painter.moveTo(x + radius, y);
    painter.arc(x, y, radius, deg0, deg360);
    painter.fillText(`${point.x}, ${point.y}`, x + radius + 1, y + radius + 1);
}
painter.stroke();

<canvas id="graph" width="150" height="150" style="border: 1px solid red;"></canvas>

Answer 11

var arr = [];
var rows = 3;
var columns = 2;

for (var i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
    arr.push([]); // creates arrays in arr
}
console.log('elements of arr are arrays:');
console.log(arr);

for (var i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
    for (var j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
        arr[i][j] = null; // empty 2D array: it doesn't make much sense to do this
    }
}
console.log();
console.log('empty 2D array:');
console.log(arr);

for (var i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
    for (var j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
        arr[i][j] = columns * i + j + 1;
    }
}
console.log();
console.log('2D array filled with values:');
console.log(arr);

Answer 12

No need to do so much of trouble! Its simple

This will create 2 * 3 matrix of string.

var array=[];
var x = 2, y = 3;
var s = 'abcdefg';

for(var i = 0; i<x; i++){
    array[i]=new Array();
      for(var j = 0; j<y; j++){
         array[i].push(s.charAt(counter++));
        }
    }

Answer 13

const grid = Array.from(Array(3), e => Array(4));

Array.from(arrayLike, mapfn)

mapfn is called, being passed the value undefined, returning new Array(4).

An iterator is created and the next value is repeatedly called. The value returned from next, next().value is undefined. This value, undefined, is then passed to the newly-created array's iterator. Each iteration's value is undefined, which you can see if you log it.

var grid2 = Array.from(Array(3), e => {
  console.log(e); // undefined
  return Array(4); // a new Array.
});

Answer 14

// for 3 x 5 array

new Array(3).fill(new Array(5).fill(0))

Answer 15

Create an object and push that object into an array

 var jSONdataHolder = function(country, lat, lon) {

    this.country = country;
    this.lat = lat;
    this.lon = lon;
}

var jSONholderArr = [];

jSONholderArr.push(new jSONdataHolder("Sweden", "60", "17"));
jSONholderArr.push(new jSONdataHolder("Portugal", "38", "9"));
jSONholderArr.push(new jSONdataHolder("Brazil", "23", "-46"));

var nObj = jSONholderArr.length;
for (var i = 0; i < nObj; i++) {
   console.log(jSONholderArr[i].country + "; " + jSONholderArr[i].lat + "; " + 
   jSONholderArr[i].lon);

}

Answer 16

If you want to initialize along with the creation, you can use fill and map.

const matrix = new Array(5).fill(0).map(() => new Array(4).fill(0));

5 is the number of rows and 4 is the number of columns.

Answer 17

You can fill an array with arrays using a function:

var arr = [];
var rows = 11;
var columns = 12;

fill2DimensionsArray(arr, rows, columns);

function fill2DimensionsArray(arr, rows, columns){
    for (var i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
        arr.push([0])
        for (var j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
            arr[i][j] = 0;
        }
    }
}

The result is:

Array(11)
0:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
1:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
2:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
3:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
4:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
5:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
6:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
7:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
8:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
9:(12) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
10:(12)[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

Answer 18

What's wrong with

var arr2 = new Array(10,20);
    arr2[0,0] = 5;
    arr2[0,1] = 2
    console.log("sum is   " + (arr2[0,0] +  arr2[0,1]))

should read out "sum is 7"

Answer 19

We usually know the number of columns but maybe not rows (records). Here is an example of my solution making use of much of the above here. (For those here more experienced in JS than me - pretty much everone - any code improvement suggestions welcome)

     var a_cols = [null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null];
     var a_rxc  = [[a_cols]];

     // just checking  var arr =  a_rxc.length ; //Array.isArray(a_rxc);
     // alert ("a_rxc length=" + arr) ; Returned 1 
     /* Quick test of array to check can assign new rows to a_rxc. 
        i can be treated as the rows dimension and  j the columns*/
       for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
          for (j=0; j<9; j++) {
            a_rxc[i][j] = i*j;
            alert ("i=" + i + "j=" + j + "  "  + a_rxc[i][j] );
           }
          if (i+1<3) { a_rxc[i+1] = [[a_cols]]; }
        }

And if passing this array to the sever the ajax that works for me is

 $.post("../ajax/myservercode.php",
       {
        jqArrArg1 : a_onedimarray,
        jqArrArg2 : a_rxc
       },
       function(){  },"text" )
        .done(function(srvresp,status) { $("#id_PageContainer").html(srvresp);} ) 
        .fail(function(jqXHR,status) { alert("jqXHR AJAX error " + jqXHR + ">>" + status );} );

Answer 20

You can just declare a regular array like so:

var arry = [];

Then when you have a pair of values to add to the array, all you need to do is:

arry.push([value_1, value2]);

And yes, the first time you call arry.push, the pair of values will be placed at index 0.

From the nodejs repl:

> var arry = [];
undefined
> arry.push([1,2]);
1
> arry
[ [ 1, 2 ] ]
> arry.push([2,3]);
2
> arry
[ [ 1, 2 ], [ 2, 3 ] ]

Of course, since javascript is dynamically typed, there will be no type checker enforcing that the array remains 2 dimensional. You will have to make sure to only add pairs of coordinates and not do the following:

> arry.push(100);
3
> arry
[ [ 1, 2 ],
  [ 2, 3 ],
  100 ]

Answer 21

You can nest one array within another using the shorthand syntax:

   var twoDee = [[]];

Answer 22

An empty array is defined by omitting values, like so:

v=[[],[]]
a=[]
b=[1,2]
a.push(b)
b==a[0]

Answer 23

You can try something like this:-

var arr = new Array([]);

Push data:

arr[0][0] = 'abc xyz';