Keep generating linker and library errors

Question

I tried compiling/building the google test samples but I decided to try something simplifier instead when I couldn't get the samples to work. I found this video that details how to set up the unit tests and run them using google test (but from the command line instead): http://vimeo.com/53690756

However, assuming the source code is correctly implemented and I went to my project's properties and set the C/C++'s Additional Include Directories to the g-test-1.6.0 include directory and the Linker's Additional library directories to the same g-test-1.6.0 include directory. However, Linker > Input > Additional Dependencies, I wrote gtestd.lib.

The only error I get is 101 error LNK1103: cannot open file 'gtestd.lib', I guess what I didn't get from the video is how they generated that static library file? When I ran the build using debug previously on another project, I was able to get a gtestd.lib file under Debug and I tried to include that file under the g-test-1.6.0 include directory but then I got 65 linker errors instead.

Essentially, what I'm asking is how to set up google test in Visual Studio 2010 without getting a library or linker error? Where do I get the proper version of gtest.lib or gtestd.lib and where should I place that library file so it's found?

Here are a few of the linker errors I'm receiving:

Warning 65  warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'MSVCRTD' conflicts with use of other  libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library  C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LINK  Testproject99
Warning 66  warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'LIBCMTD' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LINK  Testproject99
Error   64  error LNK2005: _vprintf already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(vprintf.obj)  Testproject99
Error   59  error LNK2005: _strtol already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(strtol.obj)   Testproject99
Error   58  error LNK2005: _sprintf_s already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(sprintf.obj)  Testproject99
Error   63  error LNK2005: _printf already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(printf.obj)   Testproject99
Error   49  error LNK2005: _mainCRTStartup already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(crtexe.obj)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(crt0.obj) Testproject99
Error   45  error LNK2005: _localeconv already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(lconv.obj)    Testproject99
Error   44  error LNK2005: _fflush already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(fflush.obj)   Testproject99
Error   39  error LNK2005: _exit already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)  C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(crt0dat.obj)  Testproject99
Error   50  error LNK2005: __XcptFilter already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(winxfltr.obj) Testproject99
Error   62  error LNK2005: __vsnprintf_s already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)  C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(vsnprnc.obj)  Testproject99
Error   48  error LNK2005: __unlock already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(mlock.obj)    Testproject99
Error   60  error LNK2005: __strtoui64 already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(strtoq.obj)   Testproject99
Error   37  error LNK2005: __open_osfhandle already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(osfinfo.obj)  Testproject99
Error   47  error LNK2005: __lock already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(mlock.obj)    Testproject99
Error   57  error LNK2005: __invoke_watson already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(invarg.obj)   Testproject99
Error   56  error LNK2005: __invalid_parameter already defined in MSVCRTD.lib(MSVCR100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\LIBCMTD.lib(invarg.obj)   Testproject99

Error   29  error LNK2005: "public: static void __cdecl std::_Locinfo::_Locinfo_ctor(class std::_Locinfo *,char const *)" (?_Locinfo_ctor@_Locinfo@std@@SAXPAV12@PBD@Z) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)  C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(locale0.obj) Testproject99
Error   23  error LNK2005: "public: class std::locale::facet * __thiscall std::locale::facet::_Decref(void)" (?_Decref@facet@locale@std@@QAEPAV123@XZ) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   22  error LNK2005: "public: class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __thiscall std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::operator<<(int)" (??6?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QAEAAV01@H@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   3   error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::basic_iostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::basic_iostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >(class std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > *)" (??0?$basic_iostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@QAE@PAV?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@1@@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj)  C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   32  error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Lockit::~_Lockit(void)" (??1_Lockit@std@@QAE@XZ) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(xlock.obj)   Testproject99
Error   31  error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Lockit::_Lockit(int)" (??0_Lockit@std@@QAE@H@Z) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(xlock.obj)   Testproject99
Error   18  error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Container_base12::~_Container_base12(void)" (??1_Container_base12@std@@QAE@XZ) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj)    C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   21  error LNK2005: "public: __thiscall std::_Container_base12::_Container_base12(void)" (??0_Container_base12@std@@QAE@XZ) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   11  error LNK2005: "protected: void __thiscall std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::setp(char *,char *,char *)" (?setp@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@IAEXPAD00@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   8   error LNK2005: "protected: void __thiscall std::basic_streambuf<char,struct std::char_traits<char> >::setp(char *,char *)" (?setp@?$basic_streambuf@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@IAEXPAD0@Z) already defined in gtestd.lib(gtest-all.obj)   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll)   Testproject99
Error   27  error LNK2005: "private: static class std::locale::_Locimp * __cdecl std::locale::_Getgloballocale(void)" (?_Getgloballocale@locale@std@@CAPAV_Locimp@12@XZ) already defined in msvcprtd.lib(MSVCP100D.dll) C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Testproject99\libcpmtd.lib(locale0.obj) Testproject99
Error   67  error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found   C:\Users\smorsi\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\Testproject99\Debug\Testproject99.exe Testproject99

I started over following Chemistpp's steps and When I added "_VARIADIC_MAX=10" to Preprocessor, I got these warnings (but no errors) when building the solutions.

Warning 108 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest_unittest-md.exe) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtest_unittest.exe). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile).  C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  990 6   gtest_unittest-md
Warning 106 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest_prod_test-md.exe) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtest_prod_test.exe). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile).    C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  990 6   gtest_prod_test-md
Warning 104 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest_main-md.lib) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtest_main-mdd.lib). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile).  C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  1151    6   gtest_main-md
Warning 102 warning MSB8012: TargetPath(C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md/Debug\gtest-md.lib) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (C:\Users\smorsi\Desktop\gtest-1.6.0\gtest-1.6.0\msvc\gtest-md\Debug\gtestd.lib). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile).   C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  1151    6   gtest-md
Warning 109 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest_unittest-md) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (gtest_unittest). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile).  C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  992 6   gtest_unittest-md
Warning 107 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest_prod_test-md) does not match the Linker's OutputFile property value (gtest_prod_test). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Link.OutputFile).    C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  992 6   gtest_prod_test-md
Warning 105 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest_main-md) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (gtest_main-mdd). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile).  C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  1153    6   gtest_main-md
Warning 103 warning MSB8012: TargetName(gtest-md) does not match the Library's OutputFile property value (gtestd). This may cause your project to build incorrectly. To correct this, please make sure that $(OutDir), $(TargetName) and $(TargetExt) property values match the value specified in %(Lib.OutputFile).   C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\Microsoft.CppBuild.targets  1153    6   gtest-md

Answer 1

I recently built gtest1.6 for Visual Studio 2010 and got it to work after having similar errors that you report.

I wish I had kept better track of what I did to fix it, but I am pretty sure it was just setting C/C++ -> Code Generation -> Runtime Library to /MT for the gtest projects (gtest and gtest_main) and my own test project. See this link.

I did not change anything to do with variadics.

Answer 2

The error is telling you the problem. It cannot find gtest.lib. I just provided a SSCCE to show this does work. First read over the gtest documentation and note you will need to build the libraries from source. When doing so, while using MSVC, you'll encounter errors because MSVC does not support something to do with variadics? I used this solution and will outline it here in spirit of not providing the answer via links.

Step 1: Download gtest 1.6

Step 2: Extract to directory, DIR.

Step 3: Navigate to DIR/msvc

Step 4: Double click gtest-md.sln and migrate if you need to. You'll get some warnings.

Step 5: For each project in the solution, right click and add this to preprocessor definitions in C/C++. _VARIADIC_MAX=10

Step 6: Build Solutions.

Step 7: Navigate to DIR/msvc/gtest-md/Debug/ This folder has the gtestd.lib as well as gtest-main-mdd.lib file. I took the entire contents of Debug pasted it in a new folder DIR/lib.

Step 8: Create a new blank sol and a new blank project. Add a new blank .cpp.

Step 9: Goto Project->Properties->vc++ directories Add DIR/Include under the additional include libraries and the DIR/lib under the additional library dependencies.

Step 10: Goto Linker->Input and under additional dependencies add gtestd.lib.

Step 11: Goto C/C++->Preprocessor and under preprocessor definitions add _VARIADIC_MAX=10

Step 12: In source add

#include <gtest/gtest.h> //Or wherever your header file seems to be

int main() {
    return 0;
}

This is what I did and I have created a SSCCE for this library. If you are not then you need to consider if you created the .lib incorrectly or haven't pointed msvc towards the right directory for the library.