Reputation: 20345

Image.open() cannot identify image file - Python?

I am running Python 2.7 in Visual Studio 2013. The code previously worked ok when in Spyder, but when I run:

import numpy as np
import scipy as sp
import math as mt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import Image
import random

# (0, 1) is N
SCALE = 2.2666 # the scale is chosen to be 1 m = 2.266666666 pixels
MIN_LENGTH = 150 # pixels

PROJECT_PATH = 'C:\\cimtrack_v1'
im = Image.open(PROJECT_PATH + '\\ST.jpg')

I end up with the following errors:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\cimtrack_v1\PythonApplication1\dr\trajgen.py", line 19, in <module>
    im = Image.open(PROJECT_PATH + '\\ST.jpg')
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 2020, in open
    raise IOError("cannot identify image file")
IOError: cannot identify image file

Why is it so and how may I fix it?

As suggested, I have used the Pillow installer to my Python 2.7. But weirdly, I end up with this:

>>> from PIL import Image
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named PIL


>>> from pil import Image
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named pil

>>> import PIL.Image
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named PIL.Image

>>> import PIL
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named PIL

All fail!

Upvotes: 76

Answers (22)

sanjeev kalangi

Reputation: 57

Make sure, The format is correct ... If file is corrupted it won't work ..

I downloaded a image from internet and it was like "abcd.avif" then I just renamed it to "abcd.jpg". Then tried to process "abcd.jpg" , got the same error ..

On uploading the different file with JPG format/non corrupt , It worked

Upvotes: 0

rahul4data

Reputation: 281

In my case, the image was corrupted during download (using wget with github url).

Try with multiple images from different sources.

from PIL import Image 
Image.open()

Upvotes: 6

HFPSY

Reputation: 41

In my case, the error happened because I tried to open an .eps file which containted unknown fonts.

Upvotes: 1

Iguaque

Reputation: 11

Im working in Google colab, and in had same problem.

UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file '/content/drive/MyDrive/Python/test.jpg'

The problem is that the default version of PIL (as today 24/11/2022) in colab is 9.3.0; but when you do !pip install pillow the version that is updated is 7.1.2.

So, what I did was open a new colab notebook and NOT pip pillow. It worked.

Upvotes: 1

Greg0ry

Reputation: 1069

I'll add my particular case.

I was processing images uploaded through multipart/form-data using AWS API Gateway. When I was uploading my images, that had not been giving this error locally, I was observing UnidentifiedImageError exception thrown by PIL when loading uploaded image. In order to fix this error I had to add multipart/form-data within settings of service.

Upvotes: 0

WangSung

Reputation: 319

I had the same issue. In my case, the image file size was 0(zero). Check the file size before opening the image.

fsize = os.path.getsize(fname_image)
if fsize > 0 :       
    img = Image.open(fname_image)
    #do something

Upvotes: 2

plp

Reputation: 11

This error can also occur when trying to open a multi-band image with PIL. It seems to do fine with 4 bands (probably because it assumes an alpha channel) but anything more than that and this error pops out. In my case, I fixed it by using tifffile.imread instead.

Upvotes: 1

rhy

Reputation: 1

In my case the error was caused by alpha channels in a TIFF file.

Upvotes: 0

True

Reputation: 447

Often it is because the image file is not closed by last program.

It should be better to use

with Image.open(file_path) as img:
    #do something

Upvotes: 5

panofish

Reputation: 7879

In my case.. I already had "from PIL import Image" in my code.

The error occurred for me because the image file was still in use (locked) by a previous operation in my code. I had to add a small delay or attempt to open the file in append mode in a loop, until that did not fail. Once that did not fail, it meant the file was no longer in use and I could continue and let PIL open the file. Here are the functions I used to check if the file is in use and wait for it to be available.

def is_locked(filepath):
    locked = None
    file_object = None
    if os.path.exists(filepath):
        try:
            buffer_size = 8
            # Opening file in append mode and read the first 8 characters.
            file_object = open(filepath, 'a', buffer_size)
            if file_object:
                locked = False
        except IOError as message:
            locked = True
        finally:
            if file_object:
                file_object.close()
    return locked

def wait_for_file(filepath):
    wait_time = 1
    while is_locked(filepath):
        time.sleep(wait_time)

Upvotes: 16

Charlie Parker

Reputation: 5201

For me it was fixed by downloading the image data set I was using again (in fact I forwarded the copy I had locally using vs-code's SFTP). Here is the jupyter notebook I used (in vscode) with it's output:

from pathlib import Path

import PIL
import PIL.Image as PILI
#from PIL import Image

print(PIL.__version__)

img_path = Path('PATH_UR_DATASET/miniImagenet/train/n03998194/n0399819400000585.jpg')
print(img_path.exists())
img = PILI.open(img_path).convert('RGB')

print(img)

output:

7.0.0
True
<PIL.Image.Image image mode=RGB size=158x160 at 0x7F4AD0A1E050>

note that open always opens in r mode and even has a check to throw an error if that mode is changed.

Upvotes: 0

Jjang

Reputation: 11434

For whoever reaches here with the error colab PIL UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file in Google Colab, with a new PIL versions, and none of the previous solutions works for him:

Simply restart the environment, your installed PIL version is probably outdated.

Upvotes: 0

Johan R

Reputation: 137

Just a note for people having the same problem as me. I've been using OpenCV/cv2 to export numpy arrays into Tiffs but I had problems with opening these Tiffs with PIL Open Image and had the same error as in the title. The problem turned out to be that PIL Open Image could not open Tiffs which was created by exporting numpy float64 arrays. When I changed it to float32, PIL could open the Tiff again.

Upvotes: 2

Deil

Reputation: 106

For anyone who make it in bigger scale, you might have also check how many file descriptors you have. It will throw this error if you ran out at bad moment.

Upvotes: 0

pinkie pAI

Reputation: 21

In my case, it was because the images I used were stored on a Mac, which generates many hidden files like .image_file.png, so they turned out to not even be the actual images I needed and I could safely ignore the warning or delete the hidden files. It was just an oversight in my case.

Upvotes: 2

jchmyz

Reputation: 17

In my case the image file had just been written to and needed to be flushed before opening, like so:

img_file.flush() 
img = Image.open(img_file.name))

Upvotes: 0

David K.

Reputation: 84

In my case there was an empty picture in the folder. After deleting the empty .jpg's it worked normally.

Upvotes: 1

Anoop Sharma

Reputation: 87

Seems like a Permissions Issue. I was facing the same error. But when I ran it from the root account, it worked. So either give the read permission to the file using chmod (in linux) or run your script after logging in as a root user.

Upvotes: 1

iamsk

Reputation: 356

first, check your pillow version

python -c 'import PIL; print PIL.PILLOW_VERSION'

I use pip install --upgrade pillow upgrade the version from 2.7 to 2.9(or 3.0) fixed this.

Upvotes: 8

ThinkFloyd

Reputation: 5021

If you are using Anaconda on windows then you can open Anaconda Navigator app and go to Environment section and search for pillow in installed libraries and mark it for upgrade to latest version by right clicking on the checkbox.

Screenshot for reference:

This has fixed the following error:

PermissionError: [WinError 5] Access is denied: 'e:\\work\\anaconda\\lib\\site-packages\\pil\\_imaging.cp36-win_amd64.pyd'

Upvotes: 1

musicakc

Reputation: 518

So after struggling with this issue for quite some time, this is what could help you:

from PIL import Image

instead of

import Image

Also, if your Image file is not loading and you're getting an error "No file or directory" then you should do this:

path=r'C:\ABC\Users\Pictures\image.jpg'

and then open the file

image=Image.open(path)

Upvotes: 14

naoko

Reputation: 5216

I had a same issue.

from PIL import Image

instead of

import Image

fixed the issue

Upvotes: 73

Image.open() cannot identify image file - Python?

Answers (22)

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