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pythonmethodslist-comprehensionmap-function
Remi.b
Remi.b

Reputation: 18219

Python: calling method in the map function

map() and list comprehension are roughly equivalent:

map(function, list1)
[function(i) for i in list1]

What if the function we want to use is a method?

[i.function() for i in list1]
map(.function, list1) # error!
map(run_method(function), list1) # error!

How could I perform this kind of manipulation with map?

Upvotes: 8

Views: 3687

Answers (2)

Martijn Pieters
Martijn Pieters

Reputation: 1122342

You'd use operator.methodcaller():

from operator import methodcaller

map(methodcaller('function'), list1)

methodcaller() accepts additional arguments that are then passed into the called method; methodcaller('foo', 'bar', spam='eggs')(object) is the equivalent of object.foo('bar', spam='eggs').

If all objects in list1 are the same type or subclasses of that type, and the method you want to call doesn't take any arguments, you can pass in the unbound method to map as the function to call. For example, to lowercase all strings in a list, you can use:

map(str.lower, list_of_strings)

where str.lower is the unbound method on the str type.

Note that a list comprehension is not really the equivalent of a map() here. map() can only do one loop, entirely in C. map() will zip() multiple iterable arguments, and map() in Python 3 is itself an iterator.

A list comprehension on the other hand can do multiple (nested) loops and add in filtering, and the left-hand expression can be any valid Python expression including nested list comprehensions.

Upvotes: 18

chepner
chepner

Reputation: 531345

You could invoke the method directly using the type of the object.

map(lambda x: type(x).function(), list1)

which is not much more exciting than the more straightforward

map(lambda x: x.function(), list1)

However, it does point out that it would be nice if Python had a function composition operator, something like f**g(x) == f(g(x)). Then you could write

map(type**function, list1)

Upvotes: 1

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