Reputation: 5982
I'm not sure if this is possible, but I'm looking for a way to reconnect to mysql database when the connection is lost. All the connections are held in a gevent queue but that shouldn't matter I think. I'm sure if I put some time in, I can come up with a way to reconnect to the database. However I was glancing pymysql code and I saw that there is a 'ping' method in Connection class, which I'm not sure exactly how to use.
The method looks like it will reconnect first time but after that it switched the reconnect flag to False again? Can I use this method, or is there a different way to establish connection if it is lost? Even if it is not pymysql how do people tackle, database servers going down and having to re-establish connection to mysql server?
def ping(self, reconnect=True):
''' Check if the server is alive '''
if self.socket is None:
if reconnect:
self._connect()
reconnect = False
else:
raise Error("Already closed")
try:
self._execute_command(COM_PING, "")
return self._read_ok_packet()
except Exception:
if reconnect:
self._connect()
return self.ping(False)
else:
raise
Upvotes: 19
Views: 31977
Reputation: 7150
You can use a property to keep the connection alive every time you do querying:
import pymysql
import pymysql.cursors
import pandas as pd
class DB:
def __init__(self, hostname='1.1.1.1', username='root', password='password',
database=None, port=3306, charset="utf8mb4"):
self.hostname = hostname
self.database = database
self.username = username
self.password = password
self.port = port
self.charset = charset
self.connect()
@property
def conn(self):
if not self.connection.open:
print('Going to reconnect')
self.connection.ping(reconnect=True)
return self.connection
def connect(self):
self.connection = pymysql.connect(
host=self.hostname,
user=self.username,
password=self.password,
db=self.database,
charset=self.charset,
cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor,
port=self.port)
def query(self, sql):
return pd.read_sql_query(sql, con=self.conn)
db = DB(hostname='1.1.1.1', username='root', password='password', database=None, port=3306, charset="utf8mb4")
Upvotes: 0
Reputation: 36
Old but I encountered a similar problem for accessing hosted db within programs. The solution I ended up using was to create a decorator to automatically reconnect when making a query.
given a connection function:
def connect(self):
self.conn = mysql.connector.connect(host=self.host, user=self.user,
database=self.database, password=self.password)
self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
print("Established connectionn...")
I created
def _reconnect(func):
@wraps(func)
def rec(self,*args,**kwargs):
try:
result = func(self,*args,**kwargs)
return result
except (mysql.connector.Error, mysql.connector.Warning) as e:
self.connect()
result = func(self,*args,**kwargs)
return result
return rec
Such that any function using the connection can now be decorated as so
@_reconnect
def check_user_exists(self,user_id):
self.cursor.execute("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM _ where user_id={};".format(user_id))
if self.cursor.fetchall()[0][0]==0:
return False
else:
return True
This decorator will re-establish a connection and rerun any function involving a query to the db.
Upvotes: 1
Reputation: 976
Well, I've got the same problem in my application and I found a method on the PyMySQL documentation that pings to the server and check if the connection was closed or not, if it was closed, then it reconnects again.
from pymysql import connect
from pymysql.cursors import DictCursor
# create the connection
connection = connect(host='host', port='port', user='user',
password='password', db='db',
cursorclass=DictCursor)
# get the cursor
cursor = connection.cursor()
# if the connection was lost, then it reconnects
connection.ping(reconnect=True)
# execute the query
cursor.execute(query)
I hope it helps.
Upvotes: 23
Reputation: 155
the logic is quite simple, if connection close then try to reconnect for several times in this case I use max tries for 15 times to reconnect or ping.
import pymysql, pymysql.cursors
conn = pymysql.connect(
host=hostname,
user=username,
password=password,
db=dbname,
charset='utf8mb4',
cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor,
)
cursor = conn.cursor()
# you can do transactions to database and when you need conn later, just make sure the server is still connected
if conn.open is False:
max_try = 15
try = 0
while conn.open is False:
if try < max_try:
conn.ping() # autoreconnect is true by default
try +=1
# check the conn again to make sure it connected
if conn.open:
# statements when conn is successfully reconnect to the server
else:
# it must be something wrong : server, network etc
Upvotes: 1
Reputation: 875
The easiest way is to check the connection right before sending a query.
You can do this by creating a small class that contains two methods: connect
and query
:
import pymysql
import pymysql.cursors
class DB:
def connect(self):
self.conn = pymysql.connect(
host=hostname,
user=username,
password=password,
db=dbname,
charset='utf8mb4',
cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor,
port=3306)
def query(self, sql):
try:
cursor = self.conn.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
except pymysql.OperationalError:
self.connect()
cursor = self.conn.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql)
return cursor
db = DB()
Now, whenever you send a query using db.query("example SQL")
the request is automatically prepared to encounter a connection error and reconnects using self.connect()
if it needs to.
Remember: This is a simplified example. Normally, you would want to let PyMySQL help you escape special characters in your queries. To do that, you would have to add a 2nd parameter in the query
method and go from there.
Upvotes: 3
Reputation: 5982
Finally got a working solution, might help someone.
from gevent import monkey
monkey.patch_socket()
import logging
import gevent
from gevent.queue import Queue
import pymysql as db
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
LOGGER = logging.getLogger("connection_pool")
class ConnectionPool:
def __init__(self, db_config, time_to_sleep=30, test_run=False):
self.username = db_config.get('user')
self.password = db_config.get('password')
self.host = db_config.get('host')
self.port = int(db_config.get('port'))
self.max_pool_size = 20
self.test_run = test_run
self.pool = None
self.time_to_sleep = time_to_sleep
self._initialize_pool()
def get_initialized_connection_pool(self):
return self.pool
def _initialize_pool(self):
self.pool = Queue(maxsize=self.max_pool_size)
current_pool_size = self.pool.qsize()
if current_pool_size < self.max_pool_size: # this is a redundant check, can be removed
for _ in xrange(0, self.max_pool_size - current_pool_size):
try:
conn = db.connect(host=self.host,
user=self.username,
passwd=self.password,
port=self.port)
self.pool.put_nowait(conn)
except db.OperationalError, e:
LOGGER.error("Cannot initialize connection pool - retrying in {} seconds".format(self.time_to_sleep))
LOGGER.exception(e)
break
self._check_for_connection_loss()
def _re_initialize_pool(self):
gevent.sleep(self.time_to_sleep)
self._initialize_pool()
def _check_for_connection_loss(self):
while True:
conn = None
if self.pool.qsize() > 0:
conn = self.pool.get()
if not self._ping(conn):
if self.test_run:
self.port = 3306
self._re_initialize_pool()
else:
self.pool.put_nowait(conn)
if self.test_run:
break
gevent.sleep(self.time_to_sleep)
def _ping(self, conn):
try:
if conn is None:
conn = db.connect(host=self.host,
user=self.username,
passwd=self.password,
port=self.port)
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('select 1;')
LOGGER.debug(cursor.fetchall())
return True
except db.OperationalError, e:
LOGGER.warn('Cannot connect to mysql - retrying in {} seconds'.format(self.time_to_sleep))
LOGGER.exception(e)
return False
# test (pytest compatible) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import logging
from src.py.ConnectionPool import ConnectionPool
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
LOGGER = logging.getLogger("test_connection_pool")
def test_get_initialized_connection_pool():
config = {
'user': 'root',
'password': '',
'host': '127.0.0.1',
'port': 3305
}
conn_pool = ConnectionPool(config, time_to_sleep=5, test_run=True)
pool = conn_pool.get_initialized_connection_pool()
# when in test run the port will be switched back to 3306
# so the queue size should be 20 - will be nice to work
# around this rather than test_run hack
assert pool.qsize() == 20
Upvotes: 15