Reputation: 9512

Get the length of a String

How do you get the length of a String? For example, I have a variable defined like:

var test1: String = "Scott"

However, I can't seem to find a length method on the string.

Upvotes: 845

Answers (30)

mginn

Reputation: 16104

As of Swift 4+

It's just:

test1.count

for reasons.

(Thanks to Martin R)

As of Swift 2:

With Swift 2, Apple has changed global functions to protocol extensions, extensions that match any type conforming to a protocol. Thus the new syntax is:

test1.characters.count

(Thanks to JohnDifool for the heads up)

As of Swift 1

Use the count characters method:

let unusualMenagerie = "Koala &#128040;, Snail &#128012;, Penguin &#128039;, Dromedary &#128042;"
println("unusualMenagerie has \(count(unusualMenagerie)) characters")
// prints "unusualMenagerie has 40 characters"

right from the Apple Swift Guide

(note, for versions of Swift earlier than 1.2, this would be countElements(unusualMenagerie) instead)

for your variable, it would be

length = count(test1) // was countElements in earlier versions of Swift

Or you can use test1.utf16count

Upvotes: 1371

Tyler Liu

Reputation: 20356

For Xcode 7.3 and Swift 2.2.

let str = "🐶"

If you want the number of visual characters:
```
str.characters.count
```
If you want the "16-bit code units within the string’s UTF-16 representation":
```
str.utf16.count
```

Most of the time, 1 is what you need.

When would you need 2? I've found a use case for 2:

let regex = try! NSRegularExpression(pattern:"🐶", 
    options: NSRegularExpressionOptions.UseUnixLineSeparators)
let str = "🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶"
let result = regex.stringByReplacingMatchesInString(str, 
    options: NSMatchingOptions.WithTransparentBounds, 
    range: NSMakeRange(0, str.utf16.count), withTemplate: "dog")
print(result) // dogdogdogdogdogdog

If you use 1, the result is incorrect:

let result = regex.stringByReplacingMatchesInString(str, 
    options: NSMatchingOptions.WithTransparentBounds, 
    range: NSMakeRange(0, str.characters.count), withTemplate: "dog")
print(result) // dogdogdog🐶🐶🐶

Upvotes: 11

Saranjith

Reputation: 11547

Swift 5.1, 5

let flag = "🇵🇷"

print(flag.count)
// Prints "1" --  Counts the characters and emoji as length 1

print(flag.unicodeScalars.count)
// Prints "2" --  Counts the unicode lenght ex. "A" is 65

print(flag.utf16.count)
// Prints "4"

print(flag.utf8.count)
// Prints "8"

Upvotes: 25

Shantaram Kokate

Reputation: 87

Swift 5.0 strings can be treated as an array of individual characters. So, to return the length of a string you can use yourString.count to count the number of items in the characters array.

Upvotes: 0

Naresh

Reputation: 17872

In Swift 4.2 and Xcode 10.1

In Swift strings can be treated like an array of individual characters. So each character in string is like an element in array. To get the length of a string use yourStringName.count property.

In Swift

yourStringName.characters.count property in deprecated. So directly use strLength.count property.

let strLength = "This is my string"
print(strLength.count)
//print(strLength.characters.count) //Error: 'characters' is deprecated: Please use String or Substring directly

If Objective C

NSString *myString = @"Hello World";
NSLog(@"%lu", [myString length]); // 11

Upvotes: 0

Lee Whitney III

Reputation: 10968

Swift 1.1

extension String {
    var length: Int { return countElements(self) }  // 
}

Swift 1.2

extension String {
    var length: Int { return count(self)         }  // 
}

Swift 2.0

extension String {
    var length: Int { return characters.count    }  // 
}

Swift 4.2

extension String {
    var length: Int { return self.count }           
}

let str = "Hello"
let count = str.length    // returns 5 (Int)

Upvotes: 65

San

Reputation: 1796

~~Swift 1.2 Update: There's no longer a countElements for counting the size of collections. Just use the count function as a replacement: count("Swift")~~

~~Swift 2.0, 3.0 and 3.1:~~

~~let strLength = string.characters.count~~

Swift 4.2 (4.0 onwards): [Apple Documentation - Strings]

let strLength = string.count

Upvotes: 97

VYT

Reputation: 1071

In swift4 I have always used string.count till today I have found that

string.endIndex.encodedOffset

is the better substitution because it is faster - for 50 000 characters string is about 6 time faster than .count. The .count depends on the string length but .endIndex.encodedOffset doesn't.

But there is one NO. It is not good for strings with emojis, it will give wrong result, so only .count is correct.

Upvotes: 6

Naresh

Reputation: 17872

In Swift 4.1 and Xcode 9.4.1

To get length in Objective c and Swift is different. In Obj-c we use length property, but in Swift we use count property

Example :

//In Swift
let stringLenght = "This is my String"
print(stringLenght.count)

//In Objective c
NSString * stringLenght = @"This is my String";
NSLog(@"%lu", stringLenght.length);

Upvotes: 0

Antoine

Reputation: 23976

In Swift 2.0 count doesn't work anymore. You can use this instead:

var testString = "Scott"
var length = testString.characters.count

Upvotes: 18

Riajur Rahman

Reputation: 2034

You can get the length simply by writing an extension:

extension String {
    // MARK: Use if it's Swift 2
    func stringLength(str: String) -> Int {
        return str.characters.count
    }

    // MARK: Use if it's Swift 3
    func stringLength(_ str: String) -> Int {
        return str.characters.count
    }

    // MARK: Use if it's Swift 4
    func stringLength(_ str: String) -> Int {
        return str.count
    }
}

Upvotes: 4

Ashis Laha

Reputation: 2364

In Swift 4 : If the string does not contain unicode characters then use the following

let str : String = "abcd"
let count = str.count // output 4

If the string contains unicode chars then use the following :

let spain = "España"
let count1 = spain.count // output 6
let count2 = spain.utf8.count // output 7

Upvotes: 5

Mr.Shin

Reputation: 99

Swift 4

let str =  "Your name"

str.count

Remember: Space is also counted in the number

Upvotes: 5

Sentry.co

Reputation: 5569

Universal Swift 4 and 3 solution

/**
 * Since swift 4 There is also native count, But it doesn't return Int
 * NOTE: was: var count:Int { return self.characters.count }
 * EXAMPLE: "abc👌".count//Output: 4
 */
extension String{
    var count:Int {
        return self.distance(from: self.startIndex, to: self.endIndex)
    }
}

Upvotes: 0

Thracian

Reputation: 66506

test1.endIndex gives the same result as test1.characters.count on Swift 3

Upvotes: 0

ingconti

Reputation: 11636

my two cents for swift 3/4

If You need to conditionally compile

    #if swift(>=4.0)
            let len = text.count
        #else
            let len = text.characters.count
        #endif

Upvotes: 2

Cezar

Reputation: 56322

TLDR:

For Swift 2.0 and 3.0, use test1.characters.count. But, there are a few things you should know. So, read on.

Counting characters in Swift

Before Swift 2.0, count was a global function. As of Swift 2.0, it can be called as a member function.

test1.characters.count

It will return the actual number of Unicode characters in a String, so it's the most correct alternative in the sense that, if you'd print the string and count characters by hand, you'd get the same result.

However, because of the way Strings are implemented in Swift, characters don't always take up the same amount of memory, so be aware that this behaves quite differently than the usual character count methods in other languages.

For example, you can also use test1.utf16.count

But, as noted below, the returned value is not guaranteed to be the same as that of calling count on characters.

From the language reference:

Extended grapheme clusters can be composed of one or more Unicode scalars. This means that different characters—and different representations of the same character—can require different amounts of memory to store. Because of this, characters in Swift do not each take up the same amount of memory within a string’s representation. As a result, the number of characters in a string cannot be calculated without iterating through the string to determine its extended grapheme cluster boundaries. If you are working with particularly long string values, be aware that the characters property must iterate over the Unicode scalars in the entire string in order to determine the characters for that string.

The count of the characters returned by the characters property is not always the same as the length property of an NSString that contains the same characters. The length of an NSString is based on the number of 16-bit code units within the string’s UTF-16 representation and not the number of Unicode extended grapheme clusters within the string.

An example that perfectly illustrates the situation described above is that of checking the length of a string containing a single emoji character, as pointed out by n00neimp0rtant in the comments.

var emoji = "👍"
emoji.characters.count             //returns 1
emoji.utf16.count                  //returns 2

Upvotes: 346

Fangming

Reputation: 25261

Swift 4 update comparing with swift 3

Swift 4 removes the need for a characters array on String. This means that you can directly call count on a string without getting characters array first.

"hello".count                  // 5

Whereas in swift 3, you will have to get characters array and then count element in that array. Note that this following method is still available in swift 4.0 as you can still call characters to access characters array of the given string

"hello".characters.count       // 5

Swift 4.0 also adopts Unicode 9 and it can now interprets grapheme clusters. For example, counting on an emoji will give you 1 while in swift 3.0, you may get counts greater than 1.

"👍🏽".count // Swift 4.0 prints 1, Swift 3.0 prints 2
"👨‍❤️‍💋‍👨".count // Swift 4.0 prints 1, Swift 3.0 prints 4

Upvotes: 4

Vyacheslav

Reputation: 27211

Swift 4

"string".count

;)

Swift 3

extension String {
    var length: Int {
        return self.characters.count
    }
}

usage

"string".length

Upvotes: 52

Bryan Clark

Reputation: 41

Here is what I ended up doing

let replacementTextAsDecimal = Double(string)

if string.characters.count > 0 &&
    replacementTextAsDecimal == nil &&
    replacementTextHasDecimalSeparator == nil {
        return false
}

Upvotes: 4

kalyan711987

Reputation: 476

Get string value from your textview or textfield:

let textlengthstring = (yourtextview?.text)! as String

Find the count of the characters in the string:

let numberOfChars = textlength.characters.count

Upvotes: 4

user3812138

Reputation: 281

In Xcode 6.1.1

extension String {    
    var length : Int { return self.utf16Count  }
}

I think that brainiacs will change this on every minor version.

Upvotes: 4

Scott Gardner

Reputation: 8739

tl;dr If you want the length of a String type in terms of the number of human-readable characters, use countElements(). If you want to know the length in terms of the number of extended grapheme clusters, use endIndex. Read on for details.

The String type is implemented as an ordered collection (i.e., sequence) of Unicode characters, and it conforms to the CollectionType protocol, which conforms to the _CollectionType protocol, which is the input type expected by countElements(). Therefore, countElements() can be called, passing a String type, and it will return the count of characters.

However, in conforming to CollectionType, which in turn conforms to _CollectionType, String also implements the startIndex and endIndex computed properties, which actually represent the position of the index before the first character cluster, and position of the index after the last character cluster, respectively. So, in the string "ABC", the position of the index before A is 0 and after C is 3. Therefore, endIndex = 3, which is also the length of the string.

So, endIndex can be used to get the length of any String type, then, right?

Well, not always...Unicode characters are actually extended grapheme clusters, which are sequences of one or more Unicode scalars combined to create a single human-readable character.

let circledStar: Character = "\u{2606}\u{20DD}" // ☆⃝

circledStar is a single character made up of U+2606 (a white star), and U+20DD (a combining enclosing circle). Let's create a String from circledStar and compare the results of countElements() and endIndex.

let circledStarString = "\(circledStar)"
countElements(circledStarString) // 1
circledStarString.endIndex // 2

Upvotes: 20

Anil Varghese

Reputation: 42977

You could try like this

var test1: String = "Scott"
var length =  test1.bridgeToObjectiveC().length

Upvotes: 9

Jesse

Reputation: 21

Right now (in Swift 2.3) if you use:

myString.characters.count

the method will return a "Distance" type, if you need the method to return an Integer you should type cast like so:

var count = myString.characters.count as Int

Upvotes: 2

Frank

Reputation: 7575

Apple made it different from other major language. The current way is to call:

test1.characters.count

However, to be careful, when you say length you mean the count of characters not the count of bytes, because those two can be different when you use non-ascii characters.

For example; "你好啊hi".characters.count will give you 5 but this is not the count of the bytes. To get the real count of bytes, you need to do "你好啊hi".lengthOfBytes(using: String.Encoding.utf8). This will give you 11.

Upvotes: 2

euvl

Reputation: 4786

You can use str.utf8.count and str.utf16.count which, I think, are the best solution

Upvotes: 0

Andy Lebowitz

Reputation: 1501

test1.characters.count

will get you the number of letters/numbers etc in your string.

ex:

test1 = "StackOverflow"

print(test1.characters.count)

(prints "13")

Upvotes: 2

eurobrew

Reputation: 77

You could use SwiftString (https://github.com/amayne/SwiftString) to do this.

"string".length // 6

DISCLAIMER: I wrote this extension

Upvotes: -1

Adam

Reputation: 373

in Swift 2.x the following is how to find the length of a string

let findLength = "This is a string of text"
findLength.characters.count

returns 24

Upvotes: 8

Get the length of a String

Answers (30)

Swift 5.1, 5

Universal Swift 4 and 3 solution

TLDR:

Counting characters in Swift

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