CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonseleniumpython-3.xselenium-webdriverbrowser
user3522371
user3522371

Reputation:

How to deal with certificates using Selenium?

I am using Selenium to launch a browser. How can I deal with the webpages (URLs) that will ask the browser to accept a certificate or not?

In Firefox, I may have a website like that asks me to accept its certificate like this:

Firefox

On the Internet Explorer browser, I may get something like this:

Enter image description here

On Google Chrome:

Google Chrome

I repeat my question: How can I automate the acceptance of a website's certificate when I launch a browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox and Google Chrome) with Selenium (Python programming language)?

Upvotes: 120

Views: 231635

Answers (21)

dzmanto
dzmanto

Reputation: 236

Here's how to automate this using powershell and firefox:

import-module Selenium
$ffoptions = [OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox.FirefoxOptions]::new()
$ffoptions.AddAdditionalCapability([OpenQA.Selenium.Remote.CapabilityType]::AcceptInsecureCertificates, $true, $true)
$ffoptions.toCapabilities()
$Driver = New-Object OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox.Firefoxdriver($ffoptions)
enter-seUrl "https://www.google.co.uk" -Driver $Driver

Upvotes: 0

Vasista TVN
Vasista TVN

Reputation: 375

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions().addArguments("--proxy-server=http://" + proxy);
options.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

Upvotes: 4

Eat at Joes
Eat at Joes

Reputation: 5037

Simple approach,

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService

# pip install webdriver-manager
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager



def get_chrome_capabilities():
    caps = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME
    caps['acceptSslCerts'] = True
    caps['acceptInsecureCerts'] = True
    opts = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    caps.update(opts.to_capabilities())
    return caps


# ChromeDriveManager to automate and download webdriver
service = ChromeService(executable_path=ChromeDriverManager().install())
driver = webdriver.Chrome(
  service=service,
  desired_capabilities=get_chrome_capabilities(),
)

# Use this instead of the above if you are already setup
# driver = webdriver.Chrome(desired_capabilities=get_chrome_capabilities())


driver.get("http://www.google.com")
assert "google" in driver.page_source
driver.quit()

Upvotes: 0

Greg Quinn
Greg Quinn

Reputation: 2178

For .NET, what worked for me was the following...

var chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions { AcceptInsecureCertificates = true };

Pretty much, it tells the ChromeDriver options not to halt browser execution when an insecure certificate is detected, and to proceed as normal.

Upvotes: 0

alecxe
alecxe

Reputation: 473863

For the Firefox, you need to set accept_untrusted_certs FirefoxProfile() option to True:

from selenium import webdriver

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.accept_untrusted_certs = True

driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)
driver.get('https://cacert.org/')

driver.close()

For Chrome, you need to add --ignore-certificate-errors ChromeOptions() argument:

from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('ignore-certificate-errors')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.get('https://cacert.org/')

driver.close()

For the Internet Explorer, you need to set acceptSslCerts desired capability:

from selenium import webdriver

capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities().INTERNETEXPLORER
capabilities['acceptSslCerts'] = True

driver = webdriver.Ie(capabilities=capabilities)
driver.get('https://cacert.org/')

driver.close()

Actually, according to the Desired Capabilities documentation, setting acceptSslCerts capability to True should work for all browsers since it is a generic read/write capability:

acceptSslCerts

boolean

Whether the session should accept all SSL certs by default.

Working demo for Firefox:

>>> from selenium import webdriver

Setting acceptSslCerts to False:

>>> capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities().FIREFOX
>>> capabilities['acceptSslCerts'] = False
>>> driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=capabilities)
>>> driver.get('https://cacert.org/')
>>> print(driver.title)
Untrusted Connection
>>> driver.close()

Setting acceptSslCerts to True:

>>> capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities().FIREFOX
>>> capabilities['acceptSslCerts'] = True
>>> driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=capabilities)
>>> driver.get('https://cacert.org/')
>>> print(driver.title)
Welcome to CAcert.org
>>> driver.close()

Upvotes: 196

Ritesh
Ritesh

Reputation: 21

WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--ignore-certificate-errors");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

I have used it for Java with Chrome browser it is working nice

Upvotes: 1

glautrou
glautrou

Reputation: 3198

I had the exact same issue. However when I tried opening the website manually in the browser the certificate was correct, but in the details the name was "DONOTTRUST".

The difference of certificate was caused by Fiddler that was running in background and decrypting all HTTPS content before reencrypting it.

To fix my problem, just close Fiddler on machine. If you need to keep Fiddler opened, then you can uncheck Decrypt SSL in Fiddler Settings.

Upvotes: 0

Chris
Chris

Reputation: 7184

I ran into the same issue with Selenium and Behat. If you want to pass the parameters via behat.yml, here is what it needs to look like:

default:
    extensions:
        Behat\MinkExtension:
            base_url: https://my-app.com
            default_session: selenium2
            selenium2:
                browser: firefox
                capabilities:
                    extra_capabilities:
                        acceptInsecureCerts: true

Upvotes: 2

James
James

Reputation: 37

Whenever I run into this issue with newer browsers, I just use AppRobotic Personal edition to click specific screen coordinates, or tab through the buttons and click.

Basically it's just using its macro functionality, but won't work on headless setups though.

Upvotes: 0

Sgedda
Sgedda

Reputation: 1531

And in C# (.net core) using Selenium.Webdriver and Selenium.Chrome.Webdriver like this:

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--ignore-certificate-errors");
using (var driver = new ChromeDriver(Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location),options))
{ 
  ...
}

Upvotes: 6

C. Feng
C. Feng

Reputation: 491

For those who come to this issue using Firefox and the above solutions don't work, you may try the code below (my original answer is here).

from selenium import webdriver

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.DEFAULT_PREFERENCES['frozen']['marionette.contentListener'] = True
profile.DEFAULT_PREFERENCES['frozen']['network.stricttransportsecurity.preloadlist'] = False
profile.DEFAULT_PREFERENCES['frozen']['security.cert_pinning.enforcement_level'] = 0
profile.set_preference('webdriver_assume_untrusted_issuer', False)
profile.set_preference("browser.download.folderList", 2)
profile.set_preference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", False)
profile.set_preference("browser.download.dir", temp_folder)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk",
                   "text/plain, image/png")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)

Upvotes: 1

user2728409
user2728409

Reputation: 275

I was able to do this on .net c# with PhantomJSDriver with selenium web driver 3.1

 [TestMethod]
    public void headless()
    {


        var driverService = PhantomJSDriverService.CreateDefaultService(@"C:\Driver\phantomjs\");
        driverService.SuppressInitialDiagnosticInformation = true;
        driverService.AddArgument("--web-security=no");
        driverService.AddArgument("--ignore-ssl-errors=yes");
        driver = new PhantomJSDriver(driverService);

        driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("XXXXXX.aspx");

        Thread.Sleep(6000);
    }

Upvotes: 0

nattster
nattster

Reputation: 854

In selenium python, you need to set desired_capabilities as:

desired_capabilities = {
    "acceptInsecureCerts": True
}

Upvotes: 2

HA S
HA S

Reputation: 1247

Just an update regarding this issue.

Require Drivers:

Linux: Centos 7 64bit, Window 7 64bit

Firefox: 52.0.3

Selenium Webdriver: 3.4.0 (Windows), 3.8.1 (Linux Centos)

GeckoDriver: v0.16.0 (Windows), v0.17.0 (Linux Centos)

Code

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "/home/seleniumproject/geckodrivers/linux/v0.17/geckodriver");

ProfilesIni ini = new ProfilesIni();


// Change the profile name to your own. The profile name can 
// be found under .mozilla folder ~/.mozilla/firefox/profile. 
// See you profile.ini for the default profile name

FirefoxProfile profile = ini.getProfile("default"); 

DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();
cap.setAcceptInsecureCerts(true);

FirefoxBinary firefoxBinary = new FirefoxBinary();

GeckoDriverService service =new GeckoDriverService.Builder(firefoxBinary)
    .usingDriverExecutable(new 
File("/home/seleniumproject/geckodrivers/linux/v0.17/geckodriver"))
    .usingAnyFreePort()
    .usingAnyFreePort()
    .build();
try {
    service.start();
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions().setBinary(firefoxBinary).setProfile(profile).addCapabilities(cap);

driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.google.com");

System.out.println("Life Title -> " + driver.getTitle());
driver.close();

Upvotes: 0

oxer
oxer

Reputation: 1145

For people coming to this question related to headless chrome via python selenium, you may find https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=721739#c102 to be useful.

It looks like you can either do

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--allow-insecure-localhost')

or something along the lines of the following (may need to adapt for python):

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions()
DesiredCapabilities caps = DesiredCapabilities.chrome()
caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options)
caps.setCapability("acceptInsecureCerts", true)
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(caps)

Upvotes: 6

Rémi Debette
Rémi Debette

Reputation: 116

For Firefox Python:

The Firefox Self-signed certificate bug has now been fixed: accept ssl cert with marionette firefox webdrive python splinter

"acceptSslCerts" should be replaced by "acceptInsecureCerts"

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary

caps = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy()
caps['acceptInsecureCerts'] = True
ff_binary = FirefoxBinary("path to the Nightly binary")

driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=ff_binary, capabilities=caps)
driver.get("https://expired.badssl.com")

Upvotes: 7

Jamil Aryan
Jamil Aryan

Reputation: 21

Javascript:

const capabilities = webdriver.Capabilities.phantomjs();
capabilities.set(webdriver.Capability.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);
capabilities.set(webdriver.Capability.SECURE_SSL, false);
capabilities.set('phantomjs.cli.args', ['--web-security=no', '--ssl-protocol=any', '--ignore-ssl-errors=yes']);
const driver = new webdriver.Builder().withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.chrome(), capabilities).build();

Upvotes: 2

user2062360
user2062360

Reputation: 1523

Creating a profile and then a driver helps us get around the certificate issue in Firefox:

var profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.SetPreference("network.automatic-ntlm-auth.trusted-uris","DESIREDURL");
driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);

Upvotes: 1

Susanta Adhikary
Susanta Adhikary

Reputation: 287

For Firefox:

ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();
FirefoxProfile myprofile = profile.getProfile("default");
myprofile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(true);
myprofile.setAssumeUntrustedCertificateIssuer(true);
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(myprofile);

For Chrome we can use:

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
capabilities.setCapability("chrome.switches", Arrays.asList("--ignore-certificate-errors"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);

For Internet Explorer we can use:

DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);      
Webdriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(capabilities);

Upvotes: 11

Stanimir Yakimov
Stanimir Yakimov

Reputation: 884

It looks like it still doesn't have a standard decision of this problem. In other words - you still can't say "Okay, do a certification, whatever if you are Internet Explorer, Mozilla or Google Chrome". But I found one post that shows how to work around the problem in Mozilla Firefox. If you are interested in it, you can check it here.

Upvotes: -3

gracefulcode
gracefulcode

Reputation: 31

Delete all but the necessary certificate from your browser's certificate store and then configure the browser to automatically select the certificate when only one certificate is present.

Upvotes: 0

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