Halldinz0r
Reputation: 205
tkinter and matplotlib: windows not showing until program closes under Linux
I've written a program that basically plots different data upon pressing different buttons. The program works as intended under Windows, but when I tried to port it to Linux (Red Hat v6) I'm getting a strange issue: the window that I want to plot does not appear until after I close the main program. This happens regardless of the figure (figure 1,2 etc.) I'm trying to plot to, or if I try to type plt.show() etc.
The program I've written is almost 1000 lines of code, but I created an abbreviated program that has the same problem. It works under Windows, but under Linux I have to close the root window for the matplotlib window to appear.
Working code:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from tkinter import *
def click():
x=['0','1','2']
plt.plot(x,x)
plotGUI=Tk()
butt1=Button(plotGUI,text="Test", command=click).grid()
plotGUI.mainloop()
Upvotes: 3
Views: 2452
Answers (2)
Halldinz0r
Reputation: 205
I was able to make it work simply by adding:
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
This made the program work just as in Windows, without any other modifications necessary. I really need to learn the concepts posted by user3666197 for future projects though.
Upvotes: 1
user3666197
Reputation: 1
If the reduced code still does not show up a Tk-toplevel window, add a line of:
plotGUI.lift() # force WM to raise Tk() window
plotGUI.mainloop()
If the reduced code has problems with a matplotlib-wrapper, would be necessary to be more specific on what wrapping method you use to get matplitlib-output into a Tkinter Canvas et al.
If the code attempts to rely on default matplotlib tools alike plt.show() then the code will suffer from having two adjacent .mainloop()-s -- first the Tk()'s -- second one hidden in default matplotlib-s .show() -- and thus your code would become hardly controllable of the two adjacent UI-s.
co-integrated UI
For having non-adjacent UI-controllers and more benefits of the co-integrated UI,
try to re-use backends factories to plot directly on Tkinter.Canvas and other plausible widgets of your choice and control.
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
and proceed to a fully integrated GUI-MVC layers on both your code & matplotlib Model-state / inputs-Controller / Visual-output.
a bit of more code for co-integrated UI sample:
class SuperShapeFrame( Frame ): # The user interface:
def __init__( self, master = None ):
Frame.__init__( self, master )
self.grid()
self.m = 3
self.n1 = 2
self.n1_scaling = LinearScaling( ( .1, 20 ), ( 0, 200 ) )
self.n2 = 18
self.n2_scaling = LinearScaling( ( .1, 20 ), ( 0, 200 ) )
self.n3 = 18
self.n3_scaling = LinearScaling( ( .1, 20 ), ( 0, 200 ) )
self.fig = Figure( ( 6, 6 ), dpi = 100 )
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg( self.fig, master = self )
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid( row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 4 )
label = Label( self, text = 'M' )
label.grid( row = 1, column = 1 )
self.m_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 1, to = 20, \
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_m() \
)
self.m_slider.grid( row = 1, column = 2 )
label = Label( self, text = 'N1' )
label.grid( row = 2, column = 1 )
self.n1_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 0, to = 200, \
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_n1() \
)
self.n1_slider.grid( row = 2, column = 2 )
label = Label( self, text = 'N2' )
label.grid( row = 3, column = 1 )
self.n2_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 0, to = 200, \
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_n2() \
)
self.n2_slider.grid( row = 3, column = 2 )
label = Label( self, text = 'N3' )
label.grid( row = 4, column = 1 )
self.n3_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 0, to = 200,
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_n3() \
)
self.n3_slider.grid( row = 4, column = 2 )
self.draw_figure() # >>> ================================================================ DRAW FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE INSTANCE
def update_m( self ):
self.m = self.m_slider.get()
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def update_n1( self ):
self.n1 = self.n1_scaling.dst_to_src( self.n1_slider.get() )
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def update_n2( self ):
self.n2 = self.n2_scaling.dst_to_src( self.n2_slider.get() )
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def update_n3(self):
self.n3 = self.n3_scaling.dst_to_src( self.n3_slider.get() )
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def refresh_figure( self ): # <<< .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE ACTUAL APPEARANCE OF THE INSTANCE
r = supershape_radius( self.phi, 1, 1, self.m, self.n1, self.n2, self.n3 ) # .CALC new polar values in radius dimension
self.lines.set_ydata( r ) # .MOD <lines>, selectively just their <lines>.set_ydata() coordinates
self.fig.canvas.draw_idle() # .GUI MVC-Visual part UPDATE via <self>.<fig>.<canvas>.draw_idle()
def draw_figure( self ): # <<< =============================================================== DRAW FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE INSTANCE
self.phi = np.linspace( 0, 2 * np.pi, 1024 ) # .STO <phi> a np.array with static fi-coordinates
r = supershape_radius( self.phi, 1, 1, self.m, self.n1, self.n2, self.n3 )
ax = self.fig.add_subplot( 111, polar = True ) #
self.lines, = ax.plot( self.phi, r, lw = 3. ) # .STO <lines> aListOfLINEs from .plot() function
self.fig.canvas.draw() # .GUI MVC-Visual part, enforce first visual output via <self>.<fig>.<canvas>.draw()
def TkDemo(): # Finally, we set up and start our user interface:
""" HELP: CookBook: Tk-GUI-MVC via SuperShape example
TESTS: TkDemo()
"""
root = Tk()
root.lift()
root.protocol( 'WM_DELETE_WINDOW', root.quit() ) # [X]-overide ---------------------------
app = SuperShapeFrame( root ) # <<<--- pass <root>
app.master.title( 'CookBook: Tk-GUI-MVC via SuperShape' )
app.mainloop()
pass
Full-code for [Halldinz0r] copy/paste re-testing as-is:
####################################################################### #
###
### TkDemo()
###
### KCA_plot_inTk ##################################################### # Tk() GUI ###################################################################################################### _plot_inTk TkDemo() #################
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
def supershape_radius( phi, a, b, m, n1, n2, n3 ): # define the function for the SuperShape curve using the following code:
theta = .25 * m * phi
cos = np.fabs( np.cos( theta ) / a ) ** n2
sin = np.fabs( np.sin( theta ) / b ) ** n3
r = ( cos + sin ) ** ( -1. / n1 )
r /= np.max( r )
return r
class LinearScaling( object ): # define a utility object to linearly scale a range into another as follows:
def __init__( self, src_range, dst_range ):
self.src_start, src_diff = src_range[0], src_range[1] - src_range[0]
self.dst_start, dst_diff = dst_range[0], dst_range[1] - dst_range[0]
self.src_to_dst_coeff = dst_diff / src_diff
self.dst_to_src_coeff = src_diff / dst_diff
def src_to_dst( self, X ):
return ( X - self.src_start ) * self.src_to_dst_coeff + self.dst_start
def dst_to_src( self, X ):
return ( X - self.dst_start) * self.dst_to_src_coeff + self.src_start
class SuperShapeFrame( Frame ): # The user interface:
def __init__( self, master = None ):
Frame.__init__( self, master )
self.grid()
self.m = 3
self.n1 = 2
self.n1_scaling = LinearScaling( ( .1, 20 ), ( 0, 200 ) )
self.n2 = 18
self.n2_scaling = LinearScaling( ( .1, 20 ), ( 0, 200 ) )
self.n3 = 18
self.n3_scaling = LinearScaling( ( .1, 20 ), ( 0, 200 ) )
self.fig = Figure( ( 6, 6 ), dpi = 100 )
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg( self.fig, master = self )
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid( row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 4 )
label = Label( self, text = 'M' )
label.grid( row = 1, column = 1 )
self.m_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 1, to = 20, \
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_m() \
)
self.m_slider.grid( row = 1, column = 2 )
label = Label( self, text = 'N1' )
label.grid( row = 2, column = 1 )
self.n1_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 0, to = 200, \
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_n1() \
)
self.n1_slider.grid( row = 2, column = 2 )
label = Label( self, text = 'N2' )
label.grid( row = 3, column = 1 )
self.n2_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 0, to = 200, \
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_n2() \
)
self.n2_slider.grid( row = 3, column = 2 )
label = Label( self, text = 'N3' )
label.grid( row = 4, column = 1 )
self.n3_slider = Scale( self, from_ = 0, to = 200,
orient = HORIZONTAL, command = lambda i : self.update_n3() \
)
self.n3_slider.grid( row = 4, column = 2 )
self.draw_figure() # >>> ================================================================ DRAW FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE INSTANCE
def update_m( self ):
self.m = self.m_slider.get()
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def update_n1( self ):
self.n1 = self.n1_scaling.dst_to_src( self.n1_slider.get() )
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def update_n2( self ):
self.n2 = self.n2_scaling.dst_to_src( self.n2_slider.get() )
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def update_n3(self):
self.n3 = self.n3_scaling.dst_to_src( self.n3_slider.get() )
self.refresh_figure() # >>> .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE
def refresh_figure( self ): # <<< .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. UPDATE ACTUAL APPEARANCE OF THE INSTANCE
r = supershape_radius( self.phi, 1, 1, self.m, self.n1, self.n2, self.n3 ) # .CALC new polar values in radius dimension
self.lines.set_ydata( r ) # .MOD <lines>, selectively just their <lines>.set_ydata() coordinates
self.fig.canvas.draw_idle() # .GUI MVC-Visual part UPDATE via <self>.<fig>.<canvas>.draw_idle()
def draw_figure( self ): # <<< =============================================================== DRAW FIRST APPEARANCE OF THE INSTANCE
self.phi = np.linspace( 0, 2 * np.pi, 1024 ) # .STO <phi> a np.array with static fi-coordinates
r = supershape_radius( self.phi, 1, 1, self.m, self.n1, self.n2, self.n3 )
ax = self.fig.add_subplot( 111, polar = True ) #
self.lines, = ax.plot( self.phi, r, lw = 3. ) # .STO <lines> aListOfLINEs from .plot() function
self.fig.canvas.draw() # .GUI MVC-Visual part, enforce first visual output via <self>.<fig>.<canvas>.draw()
def TkDemo(): # Finally, set up and start our user interface:
""" HELP: CookBook: Tk-GUI-MVC via SuperShape example
TESTS: TkDemo()
"""
root = Tk()
root.lift()
root.protocol( 'WM_DELETE_WINDOW', root.quit() ) # [X]-overide ---------------------------
app = SuperShapeFrame( root ) # <<<--- pass <root>
app.master.title( 'CookBook: Tk-GUI-MVC via SuperShape' )
app.mainloop()
pass
### ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ _plot_inTk TkDemo() ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Upvotes: 1
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