CODEWITHSUNDEEP
asp.netpathdirectorymappingfilesystems
Manu
Manu

Reputation: 29143

Server.MapPath("."), Server.MapPath("~"), Server.MapPath(@"\"), Server.MapPath("/"). What is the difference?

Can anyone explain the difference between Server.MapPath("."), Server.MapPath("~"), Server.MapPath(@"\") and Server.MapPath("/")?

Upvotes: 475

Views: 524372

Answers (4)

Aggie Jon of 87
Aggie Jon of 87

Reputation: 109

Working Example, hope this helps show a way to use MapPath with more than just a "/". We are combining "/" and "~".

  1. string lotMapsUrl = "~/WebFS/Transport/Maps/Lots/"; --- just get the long URL into a variable
  2. string lotMapsDir = Server.MapPath(lotMapsUrl); --- get our full physical path to this location
  3. string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(lotMapsUrl); --- go grab a list of the files from the physical path.

Upvotes: 0

Vaibhav_Welcomes_You
Vaibhav_Welcomes_You

Reputation: 961

1) Server.MapPath(".") -- Returns the "Current Physical Directory" of the file (e.g. aspx) being executed.

Ex. Suppose D:\WebApplications\Collage\Departments

2) Server.MapPath("..") -- Returns the "Parent Directory"

Ex. D:\WebApplications\Collage

3) Server.MapPath("~") -- Returns the "Physical Path to the Root of the Application"

Ex. D:\WebApplications\Collage

4) Server.MapPath("/") -- Returns the physical path to the root of the Domain Name

Ex. C:\Inetpub\wwwroot

Upvotes: 4

splattne
splattne

Reputation: 104030

Server.MapPath specifies the relative or virtual path to map to a physical directory.

  • Server.MapPath(".")1 returns the current physical directory of the file (e.g. aspx) being executed
  • Server.MapPath("..") returns the parent directory
  • Server.MapPath("~") returns the physical path to the root of the application
  • Server.MapPath("/") returns the physical path to the root of the domain name (is not necessarily the same as the root of the application)

An example:

Let's say you pointed a web site application (http://www.example.com/) to

C:\Inetpub\wwwroot

and installed your shop application (sub web as virtual directory in IIS, marked as application) in 

D:\WebApps\shop

For example, if you call Server.MapPath() in following request:

http://www.example.com/shop/products/GetProduct.aspx?id=2342

then:

  • Server.MapPath(".")1 returns D:\WebApps\shop\products
  • Server.MapPath("..") returns D:\WebApps\shop
  • Server.MapPath("~") returns D:\WebApps\shop
  • Server.MapPath("/") returns C:\Inetpub\wwwroot
  • Server.MapPath("/shop") returns D:\WebApps\shop

If Path starts with either a forward slash (/) or backward slash (\), the MapPath() returns a path as if Path was a full, virtual path.

If Path doesn't start with a slash, the MapPath() returns a path relative to the directory of the request being processed.

Note: in C#, @ is the verbatim literal string operator meaning that the string should be used "as is" and not be processed for escape sequences.

Footnotes

  1. Server.MapPath(null) and Server.MapPath("") will produce this effect too.

Upvotes: 844

dav_i
dav_i

Reputation: 28097

Just to expand on @splattne's answer a little:

MapPath(string virtualPath) calls the following:

public string MapPath(string virtualPath)
{
    return this.MapPath(VirtualPath.CreateAllowNull(virtualPath));
}

MapPath(VirtualPath virtualPath) in turn calls MapPath(VirtualPath virtualPath, VirtualPath baseVirtualDir, bool allowCrossAppMapping) which contains the following:

//...
if (virtualPath == null)
{
    virtualPath = VirtualPath.Create(".");
}
//...

So if you call MapPath(null) or MapPath(""), you are effectively calling MapPath(".")

Upvotes: 25

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