CODEWITHSUNDEEP
javacollectionshashmaphashset
SpikETidE
SpikETidE

Reputation: 6961

Difference between HashSet and HashMap?

Apart from the fact that HashSet does not allow duplicate values, what is the difference between HashMap and HashSet in their implementation?

It's a little bit vague because both use hash tables to store values.

Upvotes: 219

Views: 313387

Answers (21)

Hitanshu Panchal
Hitanshu Panchal

Reputation: 1

Although HashSets and HashMaps implement different interfaces. A HashSet is essentially using a HashMap Instance for its internal implementation.
You can confirm this at the official documentation at - https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/HashSet.html
OR
Read a Medium post at -
https://medium.com/@liberatoreanita/working-with-hashset-in-java-8993b411e3a9

Upvotes: 0

Abhay S
Abhay S

Reputation: 109

The Hashset internally uses HashMap. If you see the internal implementation the values inserted in HashSet are stored as keys in the HashMap and the value is a Dummy object of Object class.
Difference between HashMap vs HashSet is:-

  1. HashMap contains key value pairs and each value can be accessed by key where as HashSet needs to be iterated everytime as there is no get method.
  2. HashMap implements Map interface and allows one null value as a key and multiple null values as values, whereas HashSet implements Set interface, allows only one null value and no duplicated values.(Remeber one null key is allowed in HashMap key hence one null value in HashSet as HashSet implemements HashMap internally).
  3. HashSet and HashMap do not maintain the order of insertion while iterating.

Upvotes: 9

chris
chris

Reputation: 10003

EDIT - this answer isn't correct. I'm leaving it here in case other people have a similar idea. b.roth and justkt have the correct answers above.

--- original ---

you pretty much answered your own question - hashset doesn't allow duplicate values. it would be trivial to build a hashset using a backing hashmap (and just a check to see if the value already exists). i guess the various java implementations either do that, or implement some custom code to do it more efficiently.

Upvotes: -1

aman Singh
aman Singh

Reputation: 1

The main difference between them you can find as follows:

HashSet

  • It does not allow duplicate keys.
  • Even it is not synchronized, so this will have better performance.
  • It allows a null key.
  • HashSet can be used when you want to maintain a unique list.
  • HashSet implements Set interface and it is backed by the hash table(actually HashMap instance).
  • HashSet stores objects.
  • HashSet doesn’t allow duplicate elements but null values are allowed.
  • This interface doesn’t guarantee that order will remain constant over time.

HashMap

  • It allows duplicate keys. It is not synchronized, so this will have better performance.
  • HashMap does not maintain insertion order.
  • The order is defined by the Hash function.
  • It is not Thread Safe
  • It allows null for both key and value.
  • It allows one null key and as many null values as you like.
  • HashMap is a Hash table-based implementation of the Map interface.
  • HashMap store object as key and value pair.
  • HashMap does not allow duplicate keys but null keys and values are allowed.
  • Ordering of the element is not guaranteed overtime.

Upvotes: -1

A.K.
A.K.

Reputation: 2322

HashSet

  1. HashSet class implements the Set interface
  2. In HashSet, we store objects(elements or values) e.g. If we have a HashSet of string elements then it could depict a set of HashSet elements: {“Hello”, “Hi”, “Bye”, “Run”}
  3. HashSet does not allow duplicate elements that mean you can not store duplicate values in HashSet.
  4. HashSet permits to have a single null value.

  5. HashSet is not synchronized which means they are not suitable for thread-safe operations until unless synchronized explicitly.[similarity]

                          add      contains next     notes
HashSet               O(1)     O(1)     O(h/n)   h is the table

HashMap

  1. HashMap class implements the Map interface
  2. HashMap is used for storing key & value pairs. In short, it maintains the mapping of key & value (The HashMap class is roughly equivalent to Hashtable, except that it is unsynchronized and permits nulls.) This is how you could represent HashMap elements if it has integer key and value of String type: e.g. {1->”Hello”, 2->”Hi”, 3->”Bye”, 4->”Run”}
  3. HashMap does not allow duplicate keys however it allows having duplicate values.
  4. HashMap permits single null key and any number of null values.

  5. HashMap is not synchronized which means they are not suitable for thread-safe operations until unless synchronized explicitly.[similarity]

                           get      containsKey next     Notes
 HashMap               O(1)     O(1)        O(h/n)   h is the table

Please refer this article to find more information.

Upvotes: 78

justkt
justkt

Reputation: 14766

They are entirely different constructs. A HashMap is an implementation of Map. A Map maps keys to values. The key look up occurs using the hash.

On the other hand, a HashSet is an implementation of Set. A Set is designed to match the mathematical model of a set. A HashSet does use a HashMap to back its implementation, as you noted. However, it implements an entirely different interface.

When you are looking for what will be the best Collection for your purposes, this Tutorial is a good starting place. If you truly want to know what's going on, there's a book for that, too.

Upvotes: 186

Minnie
Minnie

Reputation: 1

HashMap is a Map implementation, allowing duplicate values but not duplicate keys.. For adding an object a Key/Value pair is required. Null Keys and Null values are allowed. eg:

{The->3,world->5,is->2,nice->4}

HashSet is a Set implementation,which does not allow duplicates.If you tried to add a duplicate object, a call to public boolean add(Object o) method, then the set remains unchanged and returns false. eg:

[The,world,is,nice]

Upvotes: 0

Hengameh
Hengameh

Reputation: 902

HashMap is a implementation of Map interface HashSet is an implementation of Set Interface

HashMap Stores data in form of key value pair HashSet Store only objects

Put method is used to add element in map Add method is used to add element is Set

In hash map hashcode value is calculated using key object Here member object is used for calculating hashcode value which can be same for two objects so equal () method is used to check for equality if it returns false that means two objects are different.

HashMap is faster than hashset because unique key is used to access object HashSet is slower than Hashmap

Upvotes: -2

user3539704
user3539704

Reputation: 21

Differences between HashSet and HashMap in Java

HashSet internally uses HashMap to store objects.when add(String) method called it calls HahsMap put(key,value) method where key=String object & value=new Object(Dummy).so it maintain no duplicates because keys are nothing but Value Object.

the Objects which are stored as key in Hashset/HashMap should override hashcode & equals contract.

Keys which are used to access/store value objects in HashMap should declared as Final because when it is modified Value object can't be located & returns null.

Upvotes: 2

Appesh
Appesh

Reputation: 414

HashMaps allow one null key and null values. They are not synchronized, which increases efficiency. If it is required, you can make them synchronized using Collections.SynchronizedMap()

Hashtables don't allow null keys and are synchronized.

Upvotes: -1

Vibha Sanskrityayan
Vibha Sanskrityayan

Reputation: 1985

Differences between HashSet and HashMap in Java

1) First and most significant difference between HashMap and HashSet is that HashMap is an implementation of Map interface while HashSet is an implementation of Set interface, which means HashMap is a key value based data-structure and HashSet guarantees uniqueness by not allowing duplicates.In reality HashSet is a wrapper around HashMap in Java, if you look at the code of add(E e) method of HashSet.java you will see following code :

public boolean add(E e) 
{
    return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
}

where its putting Object into map as key and value is an final object PRESENT which is dummy.

2) Second difference between HashMap and HashSet is that , we use add() method to put elements into Set but we use put() method to insert key and value into HashMap in Java.

3) HashSet allows only one null key, but HashMap can allow one null key + multiple null values.

That's all on difference between HashSet and HashMap in Java. In summary HashSet and HashMap are two different type of Collection one being Set and other being Map.

Upvotes: 2

prateeksarda
prateeksarda

Reputation: 947

HashSet and HashMap both store pairs , the difference lies that in HashMap you can specify a key while in HashSet the key comes from object's hash code

Upvotes: -1

Munish Goyal
Munish Goyal

Reputation: 1409

Basically in HashMap, user has to provide both Key and Value, whereas in HashSet you provide only Value, the Key is derived automatically from Value by using hash function. So after having both Key and Value, HashSet can be stored as HashMap internally.

Upvotes: -1

Carl Manaster
Carl Manaster

Reputation: 40356

It's really a shame that both their names start with Hash. That's the least important part of them. The important parts come after the Hash - the Set and Map, as others have pointed out. What they are, respectively, are a Set - an unordered collection - and a Map - a collection with keyed access. They happen to be implemented with hashes - that's where the names come from - but their essence is hidden behind that part of their names.

Don't be confused by their names; they are deeply different things.

Upvotes: 42

frictionlesspulley
frictionlesspulley

Reputation: 12408

Differences: with respect to heirarchy: HashSet implements Set. HashMap implements Map and stores a mapping of keys and values.

A use of HashSet and HashMap with respect to database would help you understand the significance of each.
HashSet: is generally used for storing unique collection objects. E.g: It might be used as implementation class for storing many-to-one relation ship between
class Item and Class Bid where (Item has many Bids) HashMap: is used to map a key to value.the value may be null or any Object /list of Object (which is object in itself).

Upvotes: 1

Andy Gherna
Andy Gherna

Reputation: 2165

A HashSet uses a HashMap internally to store its entries. Each entry in the internal HashMap is keyed by a single Object, so all entries hash into the same bucket. I don't recall what the internal HashMap uses to store its values, but it doesn't really matter since that internal container will never contain duplicate values.

EDIT: To address Matthew's comment, he's right; I had it backwards. The internal HashMap is keyed with the Objects that make up the Set elements. The values of the HashMap are an Object that's just simply stored in the HashMap buckets.

Upvotes: 1

Martijn Courteaux
Martijn Courteaux

Reputation: 68907

A HashMap is to add, get, remove, ... objects indexed by a custom key of any type.
A HashSet is to add elements, remove elements and check if elements are present by comparing their hashes.

So a HashMap contains the elements and a HashSet remembers their hashes.

Upvotes: 2

b.roth
b.roth

Reputation: 9542

HashSet is a set, e.g. {1,2,3,4,5}

HashMap is a key -> value (key to value) map, e.g. {a -> 1, b -> 2, c -> 2, d -> 1}

Notice in my example above that in the HashMap there must not be duplicate keys, but it may have duplicate values.

In the HashSet, there must be no duplicate elements.

Upvotes: 355

leonbloy
leonbloy

Reputation: 76006

As the names imply, a HashMap is an associative Map (mapping from a key to a value), a HashSet is just a Set.

Upvotes: 5

Spidfire
Spidfire

Reputation: 5533

HashSet allows us to store objects in the set where as HashMap allows us to store objects on the basis of key and value. Every object or stored object will be having key.

Upvotes: 5

Matthew Flaschen
Matthew Flaschen

Reputation: 284977

A HashSet is implemented in terms of a HashMap. It's a mapping between the key and a PRESENT object.

Upvotes: 0

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