CODEWITHSUNDEEP
gitubuntucharacter-encodingadobe-brackets
Aljullu
Aljullu

Reputation: 444

End of line ^M character on Ubuntu

I have been working on a project for a while using git. I always use Brackets, usually on Ubuntu but some times also on Windows. The point is that now, on Ubuntu, when I try to submit some changes to my project, I see it added ^M at the end of each modified line.

If I'm not wrong, this is the end of line character for Windows. This is why it puzzles me: why is Ubuntu adding it? And the most important question, what can I do to get rid of them?

I tried different text editors without luck.

Screenshot of the ^M character on Ubuntu

Upvotes: 2

Views: 2678

Answers (1)

Eduardo Tavarez
Eduardo Tavarez

Reputation: 480

The ^M is the carriage return character. You are seeing this because you are looking at a file in Unix that was created in DOS (Windows). In DOS the end-of-line is composed of a Carriage Return (CR) (ASCII 13, \r) and a Line Feed (ASCII 10, \n) (LF), this is known as CR-LF \r\n. In Unix, the end-of-line is marked by a single newline \n. This is why you get the carriage-return ^M right before the end-of-line since that is the way how \r is displayed in Unix. You can fix this with Vim.

Open your file with Vim

Vim <file_name>

with :e you will reload the file in Vim and ++ff=dos will convert the file with dos file format. Now your file is read as a Windows file and all ^M disappeared

:e ++ff=dos

Now use :set ff=unix to convert the file to Unix format.

:set ff=unix

Finally do :wq to save and exit.

:wq

If you'll like to know more ways to fix this problem check them out in here: Convert between Unix and Windows text files

Upvotes: 3

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