CODEWITHSUNDEEP
iosarraysswiftarc4random
eloist
eloist

Reputation: 505

Create an array of random numbers in Swift

I'm just starting to learn Swift.

I'm attempting to create an array of several random numbers, and eventually sort the array. I'm able to create an array of one random number, but what's the best way to iterate this to create an array of several random numbers?

func makeList() {
   var randomNums = arc4random_uniform(20) + 1

    let numList = Array(arrayLiteral: randomNums)

}

makeList()

Upvotes: 22

Views: 26958

Answers (5)

Vinzzz
Vinzzz

Reputation: 11724

Ok, this is copy/paste of a question asked elsewhere, but I think I'll try to remember that one-liner:

var randomArray = map(1...100){_ in arc4random()}

(I love it!)

If you need a random number with an upperBound (exclusive), use arc4random_uniform(upperBound).

E.g.: random number between 0 and 99: arc4random_uniform(100)

Swift 2 update

var randomArray = (1...100).map{_ in arc4random()}

Upvotes: 21

Leo Dabus
Leo Dabus

Reputation: 236305

In Swift 4.2 there is a new static method for fixed width integers that makes the syntax more user friendly:

func makeList(_ n: Int) -> [Int] {
    return (0..<n).map { _ in .random(in: 1...20) }
}

Edit/update: Swift 5.1 or later

We can also extend Range and ClosedRange and create a method to return n random elements:

extension RangeExpression where Bound: FixedWidthInteger {
    func randomElements(_ n: Int) -> [Bound] {
        precondition(n > 0)
        switch self {
        case let range as Range<Bound>: return (0..<n).map { _ in .random(in: range) }
        case let range as ClosedRange<Bound>: return (0..<n).map { _ in .random(in: range) }
        default: return []
        }
    }
}

extension Range where Bound: FixedWidthInteger {
    var randomElement: Bound { .random(in: self) }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: FixedWidthInteger {
    var randomElement: Bound { .random(in: self) }
}

Usage:

let randomElements = (1...20).randomElements(5)  // [17, 16, 2, 15, 12]
randomElements.sorted() // [2, 12, 15, 16, 17]

let randomElement = (1...20).randomElement   // 4 (note that the computed property returns a non-optional instead of the default method which returns an optional)

let randomElements = (0..<2).randomElements(5)  // [1, 0, 1, 1, 1]
let randomElement = (0..<2).randomElement   // 0

Note: for Swift 3, 4 and 4.1 and earlier click here.

Upvotes: 34

remykarem
remykarem

Reputation: 2469

Swift 5

This creates an array of size 5, and whose elements range from 1 to 10 inclusive.

let arr = (1...5).map( {_ in Int.random(in: 1...10)} )

Upvotes: 18

Karoly Nyisztor
Karoly Nyisztor

Reputation: 3595

How about this? Works in Swift 5 and Swift 4.2:

public extension Array where Element == Int {
    static func generateRandom(size: Int) -> [Int] {
        guard size > 0 else {
            return [Int]()
        }
        return Array(0..<size).shuffled()
    }
}

Usage:

let array = Array.generateRandom(size: 10)
print(array)

Prints e.g.:

[7, 6, 8, 4, 0, 3, 9, 2, 1, 5]

The above approach gives you unique numbers. However, if you need redundant values, use the following implementation:

public extension Array where Element == Int {
    static func generateRandom(size: Int) -> [Int] {
        guard size > 0 else {
            return [Int]()
        }
        var result = Array(repeating: 0, count: size)
        for index in 0..<result.count {
            result[index] = Int.random(in: 0..<size)
        }
        return result
    }
}

A shorter version of the above using map():

public extension Array where Element == Int {
    static func generateRandom(size: Int) -> [Int] {
        guard size > 0 else {
            return [Int]()
        }
        var result = Array(repeating: 0, count: size)
        return result.map{_ in Int.random(in: 0..<size)}
    }
}

Upvotes: 2

Eugene
Eugene

Reputation: 231

Swift 4.2 or later

func makeList(_ n: Int) -> [Int] {
    return (0..<n).map{ _ in Int.random(in: 1 ... 20) }
}

let list = makeList(5)  //[11, 17, 20, 8, 3]
list.sorted() // [3, 8, 11, 17, 20]

Upvotes: 6

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