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csscss-calc
samanime
samanime

Reputation: 26615

CSS calc() - Multiplication and Division with unit-ed values

Is it possible to use calc() to multiply or divide with unit-based values (like 100%, 5px, etc).

For example I was hoping to do something like this:

width: calc(100% * (.7 - 120px / 100%));

Hoping it resolved to something like (assuming 100% = 500px):

width: calc(500px * (.7 - 120px / 500px));
width: calc(500px * (.7 - .24));
width: calc(500px * .46);
width: calc(230px);

However after some experimenting it looks like I can't have a unit-based value as the denominator for division.

I also don't seem to be able to multiple two values together like 5px * 10px or 5px * 100%.

I know it doesn't make sense in 100% of the cases to allow this, but in my use-case, I'd like to know what percentage 120px is of the overall width, which I then feed in to the rest of my calculation.

Either that, or if someone could figure out a different way to write it, that would work as well. I've racked my brain and couldn't come up with anything.

Upvotes: 62

Views: 114828

Answers (3)

Temani Afif
Temani Afif

Reputation: 274024

In the near future, it will be possible as defined in the Specification

NOTE: In previous versions of this specification, multiplication and division were limited in what arguments they could take, to avoid producing more complex intermediate results (such as 1px * 1em, which is <length>²) and to make division-by-zero detectable at parse time. This version now relaxes those restrictions.

Then you can read some complex rules that allow multiplying and dividing types

Upvotes: 4

Muhammad Awais
Muhammad Awais

Reputation: 1986

For someone who is making a mistake like me, don't forget that you can't use Sass variables in CSS's calc function directly. For that, you have to use Sass's calculation method.

$test: 10px;

.testing{
    width: $test * 2;
}

Or if a calc implementation is necessary:

$test: 10px;

.testing{
  width: calc(50% + #{$test * 2}); // results in calc(50% - 20px)
}

Upvotes: 12

Andrew Hendrie
Andrew Hendrie

Reputation: 6415

In CSS calc() division - the right side must be a <number> therefore unit based values cannot be used in division like this.

Also note that in multiplication at least one of the arguments must be a number.

The MDN has great documentation on this.

If you'd like a better way to do calculations you can use a preprocessor (I like Sass). That link will take you to their guides (on that page there's a section about operators).

Upvotes: 72

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