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c#sql-servert-sqlstored-proceduresado.net
nidarshani fernando
nidarshani fernando

Reputation: 533

Passing DataTable to stored procedure as an argument

I have a data table created in C#.

DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
dt.Columns.Add("Age", typeof(int));

dt.Rows.Add("James", 23);
dt.Rows.Add("Smith", 40);
dt.Rows.Add("Paul", 20);

I want to pass this to the following stored procedure.

CREATE PROCEDURE  SomeName(@data DATATABLE)
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO SOMETABLE(Column2,Column3)
    VALUES(......);
END

My question is : How do we insert those 3 tuples to the SQL table ? do we need to access the column values with the dot operator ? or is there any other way of doing this?

Upvotes: 12

Views: 49192

Answers (3)

netDevMark
netDevMark

Reputation: 11

In SQL Server, you can pass a DataTable from .NET to a stored procedure using a feature called table-valued parameters. Here's an example of how you might do that:

Define a table type in SQL Server. You need to create a user-defined table type in SQL Server that matches the structure of your DataTable:

CREATE TYPE dbo.MyTableType AS TABLE
(
    Name NVARCHAR(50),
    Age INT
);

Note the READONLY keyword, which is required for table-valued parameters.

Pass the DataTable to the stored procedure from .NET. You can use ADO.NET to call the stored procedure and pass the DataTable as a parameter:

using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    conn.Open();

    using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("SomeName", conn))
    {
        cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

        SqlParameter param = cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@data", dt);
        param.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Structured;
        param.TypeName = "dbo.MyTableType";

        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
}

Note that Entity Framework Core (as of version 5) does not natively support table-valued parameters, so you would need to use ADO.NET for this. EF Core does allow you to execute raw SQL commands, so you could potentially use that to call the stored procedure, but you'd still need to create the SqlParameter using ADO.NET.

Also, be aware that this feature is specific to SQL Server. Other database systems might not support table-valued parameters, or might support them in a different way.

Upvotes: -1

StuartLC
StuartLC

Reputation: 107387

You can change the stored procedure to accept a table valued parameter as an input. First however, you will need to create a user defined table TYPE which matches the structure of the C# DataTable:

CREATE TYPE dbo.PersonType AS TABLE
(
    Name NVARCHAR(50), -- match the length of SomeTable.Column1
    Age INT
);

Adjust your SPROC:

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.InsertPerson
    @Person dbo.PersonType READONLY
AS
BEGIN
  INSERT INTO SomeTable(Column1, Column2) 
     SELECT p.Name, p.Age
     FROM @Person p;
END

In C#, when you bind the datatable to the PROC parameter, you need to specify the parameter as:

parameter.SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Structured;
parameter.TypeName = "dbo.PersonType";

See also the example here Passing a Table-Valued Parameter to a Stored Procedure

Upvotes: 21

Shyju
Shyju

Reputation: 203

First you need to create a Userdefined type of table that resembles your actual table. See the example below, 

CREATE TYPE SomeType AS TABLE 
(
   C1 int, 
   C2 VARCHAR(50)
)
After this you need to create a stored procedure that takes this table type   as parameter.


CREATE PROCEDURE SomeUSP
  @tabType SomeType READONLY
AS
BEGIN
   SET NOCOUNT ON;

   INSERT INTO Yourtable(C1,C2)
   SELECT C1,C2 FROM @tabType 
END

That's it...Job done :)

Upvotes: 2

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