CODEWITHSUNDEEP
matlabrandomplotsynthetic
Mohammad
Mohammad

Reputation: 161

How to generate random two concentric spheres synthetic data?

How to generate random two concentric spheres synthetic data with radius1=40 and radius2 =100 in MATLAB and save that data in format *.mat with one variable.(1000*3 double)? Also, how to plot this data in 3D with 2 colors: red and blue?

My Code:

rng(0,'twister');
rvals = 2*rand(1000,1)-1;
elevation = asin(rvals);

azimuth = 2*pi*rand(1000,1);

radii = 3*(rand(1000,1).^(1/3));

[x,y,z] = sph2cart(azimuth,elevation,radii);
data=[x,y,z];
figure
plot3(x,y,z,'.');
axis equal

Expected Output:

enter image description here

Upvotes: 1

Views: 789

Answers (2)

Hoki
Hoki

Reputation: 11812

If you want a fixed radius then assign them a constant value (instead of a random value) and keep the random numbers for the orientation angles (azimuth/elevation or theta/phi depending on notation).

This code:

rng(0,'twister');
nptSet = 500 ; r1 = 40 ; r2 = 100 ;                 %// your constraints

%// first data set (r1=40)
r1    = zeros(nptSet,1)+r1  ;           %// assign radius (fixed)
azi1  = rand( size(r1) ) * 2*pi ;       %// random azimuth   [  0     2pi]
elev1 = (rand(size(r1)) .* pi)-pi/2 ;   %// random elevation [-pi/2  pi/2]

%// second data set (r2=100)
r2    = zeros(nptSet,1)+r2  ;           %// assign radius (fixed)
azi2  = rand( size(r2) ) * 2*pi ;       %// random azimuth   [  0     2pi]
elev2 = (rand(size(r2)) .* pi)-pi/2 ;   %// random elevation [-pi/2  pi/2]

%// convert to cartesian
[x1,y1,z1] = sph2cart(azi1,elev1,r1);
[x2,y2,z2] = sph2cart(azi2,elev2,r2);

%// display and refine
figure ; hold on
plot3(x1,y1,z1,'or','MarkerSize',2);
plot3(x2,y2,z2,'+b');
xlabel('x') ; ylabel('y') ; zlabel('z')
axis equal ; grid off ; view(50,30)

Will get you that figure: spheredots

Upvotes: 1

Severin Pappadeux
Severin Pappadeux

Reputation: 20130

Easy, sample in spherical coordinates

phi = 2 * Pi * U(0,1)
cos(theta) = 2 * U(0,1) - 1
r          = r_min * U(0,1)^(1/3) (r_max - r_min)

sin(theta) = sqrt(1-cos^2(theta))
x = r * sin(theta) * cos(phi)
y = r * sin(theta) * sin(phi)
z = r * cos(theta)

Upvotes: 1

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