CODEWITHSUNDEEP
javascriptvariable-assignmentecmascript-6destructuring
T.J. Crowder
T.J. Crowder

Reputation: 1074038

ES6 Structuring Assignment?

The new destructuring assignment features of ES6 are fairly well known now (live copy on Babel's REPL); in the case of variables that already exist:

let a, b;                 // Existing variables
let o = {a: "a", b: "b"}; // An object to get values from
// ...
({a, b} = o);             // Set them to the props from `o`
console.log(a);           // "a"
console.log(b);           // "b"

Is there a simple converse in ES6? Setting properties on an existing object based on variables with the same name? (Other than the obvious o.a = a; o.b = b;)

Note I'm not talking about when creating an object, we could do that with the wonderful new object initializer syntax that lets us not repeat the names unnecessarily:

let a = "a";
let b = "b";
let o = {a, b};

But if I already have an object, can I do some kind of structuring assignment in ES6?

Upvotes: 14

Views: 3002

Answers (2)

T.J. Crowder
T.J. Crowder

Reputation: 1074038

The closest I've come up with is to use Object.assign and a temporary object (live copy):

let a = "a", b = "b";             // The variables
let obj = {c: "c"};               // The existing object
Object.assign(obj, {a, b});       // "Structuring" assignment, sort of
console.log(JSON.stringify(obj)); // "{"c":"c","a":"a","b":"b"}

It's fairly simple, but it's a function call and a temporary object.

Update: Bergi points out in a comment that there's a strawman proposal (link now dead) for a := operator that will do this, and one of their first use cases is indeed the use case that primarily lead me to this question: Constructors:

// From strawman proposal linked above, doesn't actually exist yet!
class Point {
   constructor(x,y) {
      this := {x,y}  //define and initialize x and y properties of new object
      //   ^^
   }
}

So given that strawman exists, I suspect for now the assign is going to be the best I can do in ES6. The old wiki with the strawman is offline, and there's nothing about := in the proposals repo.

Upvotes: 11

Oka
Oka

Reputation: 26345

Some experimental stuff, building on top of your answer.

If you wanted to get a little cheeky you could emulate the assignment portion of it with a setter. Definitely not practical, but it's a fun way to see what the behaviour might look like on the outside, if maybe you could empty assign o[] =. (Babel)

let a = '1', b = '2';
let o = {z: '26'};

Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, '', {
  set: function (o) {
    Object.assign(this, o);
  }, configurable: true
});

o[''] = {a, b};

Same issues you face with your answer, actually more, but some food for thought.

Upvotes: 1

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