CODEWITHSUNDEEP
c++compilationheadermakefile
Meir
Meir

Reputation: 12785

Using G++ to compile multiple .cpp and .h files

I've just inherited some C++ code that was written poorly with one cpp file which contained the main and a bunch of other functions. There are also .h files that contain classes and their function definitions.

Until now the program was compiled using the command g++ main.cpp. Now that I've separated the classes to .h and .cpp files do I need to use a makefile or can I still use the g++ main.cpp command?

Upvotes: 250

Views: 524492

Answers (13)

Kavindu Chamith
Kavindu Chamith

Reputation: 142

You can do that using a single command assuming all the needed .cpp and .h files are in the same folder.

g++ *.cpp *.h -Wall && ./a.out

It will compile and execute at the same time.

Upvotes: 2

MukeshKumar
MukeshKumar

Reputation: 31

when using compiler in the command line, you should take of the following: you need not compile a header file, since header file gets substituted in the script where include directive is used. you will require to compile and link the implementation and the script file. for example let cow.h be header file and cow.cpp be implementation file and cow.cc(c++ files can have extension .cpp, .cc, .cxx, .C, .CPP, .cp) be script file. Since gcc compiler notation for c++ file is g++, we can compile and link the files using

$g++ -g -Wall cow.cpp cow.cc -o cow.out

options '-g' and '-Wall' are for debugging info and getting warning for errors. Here cow.out is the name of the executable binary file that we can execute to run the program. it is always good to name your executable file otherwise name will be automatically given which might be confusing at times. you can also do the same by using makefiles, makefiles will detect, compile and link automatically the specified files. There are great resources for compilation using command line enter link description here

Upvotes: 0

Dummy00001
Dummy00001

Reputation: 17430

Now that I've separated the classes to .h and .cpp files do I need to use a makefile or can I still use the "g++ main.cpp" command?

Compiling several files at once is a poor choice if you are going to put that into the Makefile.

Normally in a Makefile (for GNU/Make), it should suffice to write that:

# "all" is the name of the default target, running "make" without params would use it
all: executable1

# for C++, replace CC (c compiler) with CXX (c++ compiler) which is used as default linker
CC=$(CXX)

# tell which files should be used, .cpp -> .o make would do automatically
executable1: file1.o file2.o

That way make would be properly recompiling only what needs to be recompiled. One can also add few tweaks to generate the header file dependencies - so that make would also properly rebuild what's need to be rebuilt due to the header file changes.

Upvotes: 27

Matias Haeussler
Matias Haeussler

Reputation: 1131

If you want to use #include <myheader.hpp> inside your cpp files you can use:

g++ *.cpp -I. -o out

Upvotes: 3

Matthew
Matthew

Reputation: 221

.h files will nothing to do with compiling ... you only care about cpp files... so type g++ filename1.cpp filename2.cpp main.cpp -o myprogram

means you are compiling each cpp files and then linked them together into myprgram.

then run your program ./myprogram

Upvotes: 22

Pritam Banerjee
Pritam Banerjee

Reputation: 18958

As rebenvp said I used:

g++ *.cpp -o output

And then do this for output:

./output

But a better solution is to use make file. Read here to know more about make files.

Also make sure that you have added the required .h files in the .cpp files.

Upvotes: 13

zobair
zobair

Reputation: 247

I know this question has been asked years ago but still wanted to share how I usually compile multiple c++ files.

  1. Let's say you have 5 cpp files, all you have to do is use the * instead of typing each cpp files name E.g g++ -c *.cpp -o myprogram.
  2. This will generate "myprogram"
  3. run the program ./myprogram

that's all!!

The reason I'm using * is that what if you have 30 cpp files would you type all of them? or just use the * sign and save time :)

p.s Use this method only if you don't care about makefile.

Upvotes: 23

FredAKA
FredAKA

Reputation: 1308

To compile separately without linking you need to add -c option:

g++ -c myclass.cpp
g++ -c main.cpp
g++ myclass.o main.o
./a.out

Upvotes: 86

Tim Conroy
Tim Conroy

Reputation: 1

~/In_ProjectDirectory $ g++ coordin_main.cpp coordin_func.cpp coordin.h

~/In_ProjectDirectory $ ./a.out

... Worked!!

Using Linux Mint with Geany IDE

When I saved each file to the same directory, one file was not saved correctly within the directory; the coordin.h file. So, rechecked and it was saved there as coordin.h, and not incorrectly as -> coordin.h.gch. The little stuff. Arg!!

Upvotes: -4

Shubham Chaudhary
Shubham Chaudhary

Reputation: 51113

I used to use a custom Makefile that compiled all the files in current directory, but I had to copy it in every directory I needed it, everytime.

So I created my own tool - Universal Compiler which made the process much easier when compile many files.

Upvotes: 1

Goz
Goz

Reputation: 62333

list all the other cpp files after main.cpp.

ie 

g++ main.cpp other.cpp etc.cpp

and so on.

Or you can compile them all individually. You then link all the resulting ".o" files together.

Upvotes: 321

gauteh
gauteh

Reputation: 17205

You can use several g++ commands and then link, but the easiest is to use a traditional Makefile or some other build system: like Scons (which are often easier to set up than Makefiles).

Upvotes: 4

anon
anon

Reputation:

You can still use g++ directly if you want:

g++ f1.cpp f2.cpp main.cpp

where f1.cpp and f2.cpp are the files with the functions in them. For details of how to use make to do the build, see the excellent GNU make documentation.

Upvotes: 16

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