Reading an ORC file in Java

Question

How do you read an ORC file in Java? I'm wanting to read in a small file for some unit test output verification, but I can't find a solution.

Answer 1

read orc testcase

    @Test
    public void read_orc() throws Exception {
        //todo do kerberos auth
        String orcPath = "hdfs://user/hive/warehouse/demo.db/orc_path";
        //load hdfs conf
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        conf.addResource(getClass().getResource("/hdfs-site.xml"));
        conf.addResource(getClass().getResource("/core-site.xml"));
        FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
        // custom read column
        List<String> columns = Arrays.asList("id", "title");
        final List<Map<String, Object>> maps = OrcUtil.readOrcFile(fs, orcPath, columns);
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(maps));
    }

OrcUtil to read orc path with special columns

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.PathFilter;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcFile;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcStruct;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.Reader;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.SerDeException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructField;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructObjectInspector;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;

public class OrcUtil {
    
    public static List<Map<String, Object>> readOrcFile(FileSystem fs, String orcPath, List<String> readColumns)
            throws IOException, SerDeException {
        JobConf jobConf = new JobConf();
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : fs.getConf()) {
            jobConf.set(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        
        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(jobConf, orcPath);
        FileInputFormat.setInputPathFilter(jobConf, ((PathFilter) path1 -> true).getClass());
        
        InputSplit[] splits = new OrcInputFormat().getSplits(jobConf, 1);
        InputFormat<NullWritable, OrcStruct> orcInputFormat = new OrcInputFormat();
        
        List<Map<String, Object>> rows = new ArrayList<>();
        for (InputSplit split : splits) {
            OrcSplit orcSplit = (OrcSplit) split;
            System.out.printf("read orc split %s%n", ((OrcSplit) split).getPath());
            StructObjectInspector inspector = getStructObjectInspector(orcSplit.getPath(), jobConf, fs);
            List<? extends StructField> readFields = inspector.getAllStructFieldRefs()
                    .stream().filter(e -> readColumns.contains(e.getFieldName())).collect(Collectors.toList());
            // 49B file is empty
            if (orcSplit.getLength() > 49) {
                RecordReader<NullWritable, OrcStruct> recordReader = orcInputFormat.getRecordReader(orcSplit, jobConf, Reporter.NULL);
                NullWritable key = recordReader.createKey();
                OrcStruct value = recordReader.createValue();
                while (recordReader.next(key, value)) {
                    Map<String, Object> entity = new HashMap<>();
                    for (StructField field : readFields) {
                        entity.put(field.getFieldName(), inspector.getStructFieldData(value, field));
                    }
                    rows.add(entity);
                }
            }
        }
        return rows;
    }
    
    private static StructObjectInspector getStructObjectInspector(Path path, JobConf jobConf, FileSystem fs)
            throws IOException, SerDeException {
        OrcFile.ReaderOptions readerOptions = OrcFile.readerOptions(jobConf);
        readerOptions.filesystem(fs);
        Reader reader = OrcFile.createReader(path, readerOptions);
        String typeStruct = reader.getObjectInspector().getTypeName();
        System.out.println(typeStruct);
        List<String> columnList = parseColumnAndType(typeStruct);
        String[] fullColNames = new String[columnList.size()];
        String[] fullColTypes = new String[columnList.size()];
        for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); ++i) {
            String[] temp = columnList.get(i).split(":");
            fullColNames[i] = temp[0];
            fullColTypes[i] = temp[1];
        }
        Properties p = new Properties();
        p.setProperty("columns", StringUtils.join(fullColNames, ","));
        p.setProperty("columns.types", StringUtils.join(fullColTypes, ":"));
        OrcSerde orcSerde = new OrcSerde();
        orcSerde.initialize(jobConf, p);
        return (StructObjectInspector) orcSerde.getObjectInspector();
    }
    
    private static List<String> parseColumnAndType(String typeStruct) {
        int startIndex = typeStruct.indexOf("<") + 1;
        int endIndex = typeStruct.lastIndexOf(">");
        typeStruct = typeStruct.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
        
        List<String> columnList = new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> splitList = Arrays.asList(typeStruct.split(","));
        Iterator<String> it = splitList.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            StringBuilder current = new StringBuilder(it.next());
            String currentStr = current.toString();
            boolean left = currentStr.contains("(");
            boolean right = currentStr.contains(")");
            if (!left && !right) {
                columnList.add(currentStr);
                continue;
            }
            if (left && right) {
                columnList.add(currentStr);
                continue;
            }
            if (left && !right) {
                while (it.hasNext()) {
                    String next = it.next();
                    current.append(",").append(next);
                    if (next.contains(")")) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                columnList.add(current.toString());
            }
        }
        return columnList;
    }
}

Answer 2

Came across this and implemented one myself recently

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcFile;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.Reader;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.RecordReader;

import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructField;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.objectinspector.StructObjectInspector;

import java.util.List;

public class OrcFileDirectReaderExample {
    public static void main(String[] argv)
    {
        try {
            Reader reader = OrcFile.createReader(HdfsFactory.getFileSystem(), new Path("/user/hadoop/000000_0"));
            StructObjectInspector inspector = (StructObjectInspector)reader.getObjectInspector();
            System.out.println(reader.getMetadata());
            RecordReader records = reader.rows();
            Object row = null;
            //These objects are the metadata for each column.  They give you the type of each column and can parse it unless you
            //want to parse each column yourself
            List fields = inspector.getAllStructFieldRefs();
            for(int i = 0; i < fields.size(); ++i) {
                System.out.print(((StructField)fields.get(i)).getFieldObjectInspector().getTypeName() + '\t');
            }

            while(records.hasNext())
            {
                row = records.next(row);
                List value_lst = inspector.getStructFieldsDataAsList(row);
                StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
                //iterate over the fields
                //Also fields can be null if a null was passed as the input field when processing wrote this file
                for(Object field : value_lst) {
                    if(field != null)
                        builder.append(field.toString());
                    builder.append('\t');
                }
                //this writes out the row as it would be if this were a Text tab seperated file
                System.out.println(builder.toString());
            }
        }catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

Answer 3

Try this for getting ORCFile rowcount...

private long getRowCount(FileSystem fs, String fName) throws Exception {
    long tempCount = 0;
    Reader rdr = OrcFile.createReader(fs, new Path(fName));
    StructObjectInspector insp = (StructObjectInspector) rdr.getObjectInspector();
    Iterable<StripeInformation> iterable = rdr.getStripes();
    for(StripeInformation stripe:iterable){
        tempCount = tempCount + stripe.getNumberOfRows();
    }
    return tempCount;
}   

//fName is hdfs path to file.
long rowCount = getRowCount(fs,fName);

Answer 4

As per Apache Wiki, ORC file format was introduced in Hive 0.11.

So you will need Hive packages in your project source path to read ORC files. The package for the same are

org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.Reader;
org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcFile