CODEWITHSUNDEEP
go
vanarajcs
vanarajcs

Reputation: 978

How to initialize values for nested struct array in golang

My struct 

type Result struct {
   name   string
   Objects []struct {
       id int
   }
}

Initialize values for this

func main() {
   var r Result;
   r.name  = "Vanaraj";
   r.Objects[0].id = 10;
   fmt.Println(r)
}

I got this error. "panic: runtime error: index out of range"

How to fix this?

Upvotes: 33

Views: 79433

Answers (4)

Zombo
Zombo

Reputation: 1

This is probably a dumb idea, but you can roundtrip it through JSON:

package main

import (
   "bytes"
   "encoding/json"
)

type (
   a []interface{}
   m map[string]interface{}
)

func decode(in, out interface{}) {
   var b bytes.Buffer
   json.NewEncoder(&b).Encode(in)
   json.NewDecoder(&b).Decode(out)
}

Example:

package main
import "fmt"

type result struct {
   Name string
   Objects []struct {
      Id int
   }
}

func main() {
   r := m{
      "Name": "Vanaraj",
      "Objects": a{
         m{"Id": 10},
      },
   }
   var s result
   decode(r, &s)
   fmt.Printf("%+v\n", s) // {Name:Vanaraj Objects:[{Id:10}]}
}

Upvotes: 0

Behrang Saeedzadeh
Behrang Saeedzadeh

Reputation: 47913

After defining the struct as suggested in another answer:

type MyStruct struct {
    MyField int
}


type Result struct {
    Name   string
    Objects []MyStruct
}

Then you can initialize a Result object like this:

result := Result{
    Name: "I am Groot",
    Objects: []MyStruct{
        {
            MyField: 1,
        },
        {
            MyField: 2,
        },
        {
            MyField: 3,
        },
    },
}

Full code:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    result := Result{
        Name: "I am Groot",
        Objects: []MyStruct{
            {
                MyField: 1,
            },
            {
                MyField: 2,
            },
            {
                MyField: 3,
            },
        },
    }

    fmt.Println(result)

}

type MyStruct struct {
    MyField int
}

type Result struct {
    Name    string
    Objects []MyStruct
}

You can verify this in this Go playground.

Upvotes: 28

mattsch
mattsch

Reputation: 1484

Firstly, I'd say it's more idiomatic to define a type for your struct, regardless of how simple the struct is. For example:

type MyStruct struct {
    MyField int
}

This would mean changing your Result struct to be as follows:

type Result struct {
    name   string
    Objects []MyStruct
}

The reason your program panics is because you're trying to access an area in memory (an item in your Objects array) that hasn't been allocated yet.

For arrays of structs, this needs to be done with make.

r.Objects = make([]MyStruct, 0)

Then, in order to add to your array safely, you're better off instantiating an individual MyStruct, i.e.

ms := MyStruct{
    MyField: 10,
}

And then appending this to your r.Objects array

r.Objects = append(r.Objects, ms)

For more information about make, see the docs

Upvotes: 32

RoninDev
RoninDev

Reputation: 5666

Objects contains no elements. You need to append element first. Like this: 

r.Objects = append(r.Objects, struct{ id int }{})

Also you can omit r.Objects[0].id = 10; using initialization of your struct like this: 

r.Objects = append(r.Objects, struct{ id int }{ 10 })

Upvotes: 6

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