CODEWITHSUNDEEP
javascriptiframecross-domain
chronofwar
chronofwar

Reputation: 2623

Access parent URL from iframe

Okay, I have a page on and on this page I have an iframe. What I need to do is on the iframe page, find out what the URL of the main page is.

I have searched around and I know that this is not possible if my iframe page is on a different domain, as that is cross-site scripting. But everywhere I've read says that if the iframe page is on the same domain as the parent page, it should work if I do for instance:

parent.document.location

parent.window.document.location

parent.window.location

parent.document.location.href

... or other similar combos, as there seems to be multiple ways to get the same info.

Anyways, so here's the problem. My iframe is on the same domain as the main page, but it is not on the same SUB domain. So for instance I have

http:// www.mysite.com/pageA.html

and then my iframe URL is

http:// qa-www.mysite.com/pageB.html

When I try to grab the URL from pageB.html (the iframe page), I keep getting the same access denied error. So it appears that even sub-domains count as cross-site scripting, is that correct, or am I doing something wrong?

Upvotes: 262

Views: 427109

Answers (20)

Nabeel Ahmed
Nabeel Ahmed

Reputation: 11

You cannot access the window.parent.location if the iframe is not in the same subdomain. The solution to this problem is to use document.referrer

You can simply access the parent's page complete URL by doing

const isIframe = window.self !== window.top;
const url = isIframe ? document.referrer : document.location.href;

Later in order to get the URL search query you can

const searchQuery = url?.split('?')?.[1] || ''

Note: Because of security concerns, the referrer policy is set to strict-origin-when-cross-origin which means that only if the iframe is not in the same subdomain then the document.referrer will only return the origin and not the query params.

In order to overcome it, you can set the following attribute to the iframe element

referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"

This is the most secure and reliable way to get the search query from the URL.

Upvotes: 1

Justin D. Harris
Justin D. Harris

Reputation: 2285

Assuming you get to tell the parent page how to set up the iframe, to easily but insecurily get the full URL with a path and URL parameters, include referrerpolicy="unsafe-url" when specifying the iframe:

<iframe src="https://example.com/innersite" referrerpolicy="unsafe-url" title="My Title"></iframe>

Then you can get the full original URL with:

document.referrer

Many of the other answers only work when the iframe src is the same as the parent's domain.

Fallbacks:

In case there are security issues, you could do a fallback like https://stackoverflow.com/a/5697801/1226799 says where the parent explicitly sends its URL in a URL parameter for the iframe URL, but an attacker could easily fake that.

I believe you could also use message passing and check the origin of the event: https://stackoverflow.com/a/61548595/1226799

Upvotes: 4

J Scott
J Scott

Reputation: 1029

There's a lot a answers to this question, and none of them are definitely the best in terms of support or reliability.

Options

  • window.location.ancestorOrigins[0] will get the parent url, but this api only works in chromium browsers (see support). this also supports nested iframes, where the bottom most child has access to the urls of each parent iframe.
  • document.referrer is the most common answer but is not always reliable

Things that don't work

  • window.parent.location.href. If the parent and the child are in different domains, this api is blocked by modern browsers (see here), and will throw an error.

Recommendation

If supported, I prefer window.location.ancestorOrigins[0]. document.referrer can work, but is less reliable, making it my fallback option. If you do use document referrer, try to call it on the first framed page load, before navigation or redirects, to get the parent address.

Upvotes: 17

Jose Antonio Fuentes
Jose Antonio Fuentes

Reputation: 41

there is a cross browser script for get parent origin:

private getParentOrigin() {
  const locationAreDisctint = (window.location !== window.parent.location);
  const parentOrigin = ((locationAreDisctint ? document.referrer : document.location) || "").toString();

  if (parentOrigin) {
    return new URL(parentOrigin).origin;
  }

  const currentLocation = document.location;

  if (currentLocation.ancestorOrigins && currentLocation.ancestorOrigins.length) {
    return currentLocation.ancestorOrigins[0];
  }

  return "";
}

This code, should work on Chrome and Firefox.

Upvotes: 4

Benjamim William L. Nunes
Benjamim William L. Nunes

Reputation: 151

Try it:

document.referrer

When you change you are in a iframe your host is "referrer".

Upvotes: 15

Bruce
Bruce

Reputation: 1071

I know his is super old but it blows my mind no one recommended just passing cookies from one domain to the other. As you are using subdomains you can share cookies from a base domain to all subdomains just by setting cookies to the url .basedomain.com

Then you can share whatever data you need through the cookies.

Upvotes: -3

Robert-Jan Kuyper
Robert-Jan Kuyper

Reputation: 569

The following line will work: document.location.ancestorOrigins[0] this one returns the ancestor domain name.

Upvotes: 56

Gena Moroz
Gena Moroz

Reputation: 954

In chrome it is possible to use location.ancestorOrigins It will return all parent urls

Upvotes: 1

vijay kumar
vijay kumar

Reputation: 1

Get All Parent Iframe functions and HTML

var parent = $(window.frameElement).parent();
        //alert(parent+"TESTING");
        var parentElement=window.frameElement.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;
        var Ifram=parentElement.children;      
        var GetUframClass=Ifram[9].ownerDocument.activeElement.className;
        var Decision_URLLl=parentElement.ownerDocument.activeElement.contentDocument.URL;

Upvotes: -4

Vaibhav
Vaibhav

Reputation: 4737

Yes, accessing parent page's URL is not allowed if the iframe and the main page are not in the same (sub)domain. However, if you just need the URL of the main page (i.e. the browser URL), you can try this:

var url = (window.location != window.parent.location)
            ? document.referrer
            : document.location.href;

Note:

window.parent.location is allowed; it avoids the security error in the OP, which is caused by accessing the href property: window.parent.location.href causes "Blocked a frame with origin..."

document.referrer refers to "the URI of the page that linked to this page." This may not return the containing document if some other source is what determined the iframe location, for example:

  • Container iframe @ Domain 1
  • Sends child iframe to Domain 2
  • But in the child iframe... Domain 2 redirects to Domain 3 (i.e. for authentication, maybe SAML), and then Domain 3 directs back to Domain 2 (i.e. via form submission(), a standard SAML technique)
  • For the child iframe the document.referrer will be Domain 3, not the containing Domain 1

document.location refers to "a Location object, which contains information about the URL of the document"; presumably the current document, that is, the iframe currently open. When window.location === window.parent.location, then the iframe's href is the same as the containing parent's href.

Upvotes: 472

user1503606
user1503606

Reputation: 4300

This worked for me to access the iframe src url.

window.document.URL

Upvotes: -3

Dan Herbert
Dan Herbert

Reputation: 103537

You're correct. Subdomains are still considered separate domains when using iframes. It's possible to pass messages using postMessage(...), but other JS APIs are intentionally made inaccessible.

It's also still possible to get the URL depending on the context. See other answers for more details.

Upvotes: 31

Gregory Lewis
Gregory Lewis

Reputation: 711

I just discovered a workaround for this problem that is so simple, and yet I haven't found any discussions anywhere that mention it. It does require control of the parent frame.

In your iFrame, say you want this iframe: src="http://www.example.com/mypage.php"

Well, instead of HTML to specify the iframe, use a javascript to build the HTML for your iframe, get the parent url through javascript "at build time", and send it as a url GET parameter in the querystring of your src target, like so:

<script type="text/javascript">
  url = parent.document.URL;
  document.write('<iframe src="http://example.com/mydata/page.php?url=' + url + '"></iframe>');
</script>

Then, find yourself a javascript url parsing function that parses the url string to get the url variable you are after, in this case it's "url".

I found a great url string parser here: http://www.netlobo.com/url_query_string_javascript.html

Upvotes: 71

user3523340
user3523340

Reputation: 99

var url = (window.location != window.parent.location) ? document.referrer: document.location;

I found that the above example suggested previously worked when the script was being executed in an iframe however it did not retrieve the url when the script was executed outside of an iframe, a slight adjustment was required:

var url = (window.location != window.parent.location) ? document.referrer: document.location.href;

Upvotes: 3

user409021
user409021

Reputation: 236

For pages on the same domain and different subdomain, you can set the document.domain property via javascript.

Both the parent frame and the iframe need to set their document.domain to something that is common betweeen them.

i.e. www.foo.mydomain.com and api.foo.mydomain.com could each use either foo.mydomain.com or just mydomain.com and be compatible (no, you can't set them both to com, for security reasons...)

also, note that document.domain is a one way street. Consider running the following three statements in order:

// assume we're starting at www.foo.mydomain.com
document.domain = "foo.mydomain.com" // works
document.domain = "mydomain.com" // works
document.domain = "foo.mydomain.com" // throws a security exception

Modern browsers can also use window.postMessage to talk across origins, but it won't work in IE6. https://developer.mozilla.org/en/DOM/window.postMessage

Upvotes: 20

ParPar
ParPar

Reputation: 7569

If your iframe is from another domain, (cross domain), you will simply need to use this:

var currentUrl = document.referrer;

and - here you've got the main url!

Upvotes: 45

Dan
Dan

Reputation: 43

I've found in the cases where $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] doesn't work (I'm looking at you, Safari), $_SERVER['REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI'] has been a useful backup.

Upvotes: 2

TARKUS
TARKUS

Reputation: 2200

The problem with the PHP $_SERVER['HTTP_REFFERER'] is that it gives the fully qualified page url of the page that brought you to the parent page. That's not the same as the parent page, itself. Worse, sometimes there is no http_referer, because the person typed in the url of the parent page. So, if I get to your parent page from yahoo.com, then yahoo.com becomes the http_referer, not your page.

Upvotes: 1

Hyzer Deeds
Hyzer Deeds

Reputation: 29

I've had issues with this. If using a language like php when your page first loads in the iframe grab $_SERVER['HTTP_REFFERER'] and set it to a session variable.

This way when the page loads in the iframe you know the full parent url and query string of the page that loaded it. With cross browser security it's a bit of a headache counting on window.parent anything if you you different domains.

Upvotes: 2

Paul
Paul

Reputation: 1614

I couldnt get previous solution to work but I found out that if I set the iframe scr with for example http:otherdomain.com/page.htm?from=thisdomain.com/thisfolder then I could, in the iframe extract thisdomain.com/thisfolder by using following javascript:

var myString = document.location.toString();
var mySplitResult = myString.split("=");
fromString = mySplitResult[1];

Upvotes: 1

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