Reputation: 793
I am developing a new project using LPC2138, an ARM7TDMI based micro-controller. I have already developed code for this micro-controller in Keil IDE. My intention here is to experiment with ARM code development using GNU toolchain in a Linux host PC. So I am using gcc-arm-none-eabi tool chain.
I have succeeded so far in generating the executable(as well as .hex file) for ARM. This is the makefile that I have used.
CC := arm-none-eabi-gcc
LD := arm-none-eabi-ld
AS := arm-none-eabi-as
AR := arm-none-eabi-ar -cr
OBJCOPY := arm-none-eabi-objcopy
TARGET := image.hex
OBJS := startup.o $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(wildcard *.c))
CFLAGS := -mcpu=arm7tdmi-s -g3 -Wall -I.
AS_FLAGS := -mcpu=arm7tdmi-s -g3
LD_FLAGS := -Wl,-Map,$(TARGET:%.hex=%).map -nostartfiles
LD_SCRIPT := lpc2138.ld
$(TARGET) : $(TARGET:%.hex=%)
$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $< $@
$(TARGET:%.hex=%) : $(OBJS)
$(CC) -o $@ -T $(LD_SCRIPT) $(OBJS) $(LD_FLAGS)
startup.o : startup.s
$(AS) $(AS_FLAGS) -o $@ $<
%.o : %.c
$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
clean :
rm -rf $(TARGET) $(TARGET:%.hex=%) $(TARGET:%.hex=%).map *.o
My issue is that I need to debug(step by step execution) the executable in Proteus(ISIS). But Proteus supports only executables in .coff and .elf format.
I know that gcc by default generates executables in elf format. I tried to rename the executable image with .elf extension and load it in Proteus. But Proteus simulation aborted showing errors in the elf file.
I can successfully load the .hex file and run the simulation. Also I have done debugging using the executable generated by other toolchains. But debugging using GNU tool chain is standing as a hurdle in front of me.
I have written the linker script myself as shown below. Is there anything that I am missing in that?
/* Stack and heap are equal in size by default.
*
* A positive value for STACK_HEAP_BOUNDARY_OFFSET increase the size
* of the stack(Decrease size of heap).
*
* A negetive value for STACK_HEAP_BOUNDARY_OFFSET decrease the size
* of the stack(increase size of heap).
*/
STACK_HEAP_BOUNDARY_OFFSET = 0;
MEMORY
{
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 512K
SRAM (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x40000000, LENGTH = 32K
}
SECTIONS
{
.text :
{
startup.o (.text)
*(.text)
. = ALIGN(4);
} > FLASH
.rodata :
{
*(.rodata)
. = ALIGN(4);
} > FLASH
.data :
{
__data_load__ = LOADADDR (.data);
__data_start__ = .;
*(.data)
. = ALIGN(4);
__data_end__ = .;
} > SRAM AT > FLASH
.bss :
{
__bss_start__ = .;
*(.bss)
*(COMMON)
. = ALIGN(4);
__bss_end__ = .;
} > SRAM
.heap :
{
__heap_start__ = .;
. = . + ((LENGTH(SRAM) - (. - (ORIGIN(SRAM)))) / 2);
. += STACK_HEAP_BOUNDARY_OFFSET;
. = ALIGN(4);
__heap_end__ = .;
} > SRAM
.stack :
{
__stack_start__ = .;
. = . + (LENGTH(SRAM) - (. - (ORIGIN(SRAM))));
. = ALIGN(4);
__stack_end__ = .;
} > SRAM
}
Upvotes: 0
Views: 1511