CODEWITHSUNDEEP
python-3.xunicodeencodingutf-8stdout
davispuh
davispuh

Reputation: 1433

How to make python 3 print() utf8

How can I make python 3 (3.1) print("Some text") to stdout in UTF-8, or how to output raw bytes?

Test.py

TestText = "Test - āĀēĒčČ..šŠūŪžŽ" # this is UTF-8
TestText2 = b"Test2 - \xc4\x81\xc4\x80\xc4\x93\xc4\x92\xc4\x8d\xc4\x8c..\xc5\xa1\xc5\xa0\xc5\xab\xc5\xaa\xc5\xbe\xc5\xbd" # just bytes
print(sys.getdefaultencoding())
print(sys.stdout.encoding)
print(TestText)
print(TestText.encode("utf8"))
print(TestText.encode("cp1252","replace"))
print(TestText2)

Output (in CP1257 and I replaced chars to byte values [x00]):

utf-8
cp1257
Test - [xE2][xC2][xE7][C7][xE8][xC8]..[xF0][xD0][xFB][xDB][xFE][xDE]  
b'Test - \xc4\x81\xc4\x80\xc4\x93\xc4\x92\xc4\x8d\xc4\x8c..\xc5\xa1\xc5\xa0\xc5\xab\xc5\xaa\xc5\xbe\xc5\xbd'
b'Test - ??????..\x9a\x8a??\x9e\x8e'
b'Test2 - \xc4\x81\xc4\x80\xc4\x93\xc4\x92\xc4\x8d\xc4\x8c..\xc5\xa1\xc5\xa0\xc5\xab\xc5\xaa\xc5\xbe\xc5\xbd'

print is just too smart... :D There's no point using encoded text with print (since it always show only representation of bytes not real bytes) and it's impossible to output bytes at all, because print anyway and always encodes it in sys.stdout.encoding.

For example: print(chr(255)) throws an error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "Test.py", line 1, in <module>
    print(chr(255));
  File "H:\Python31\lib\encodings\cp1257.py", line 19, in encode
    return codecs.charmap_encode(input,self.errors,encoding_table)[0]
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character '\xff' in position 0: character maps to <undefined>

By the way print( TestText == TestText2.decode("utf8")) returns False, although print output is the same.

How does Python 3 determine sys.stdout.encoding and how can I change it?

I made a printRAW() function which works fine (actually it encodes output to UTF-8, so really it's not raw...):

 def printRAW(*Text):
     RAWOut = open(1, 'w', encoding='utf8', closefd=False)
     print(*Text, file=RAWOut)
     RAWOut.flush()
     RAWOut.close()

 printRAW("Cool", TestText)

Output (now it print in UTF-8):

Cool Test - āĀēĒčČ..šŠūŪžŽ

printRAW(chr(252)) also nicely prints ü (in UTF-8, [xC3][xBC]) and without errors :)

Now I'm looking for maybe better solution if there's any...

Upvotes: 62

Views: 128359

Answers (5)

jumorap
jumorap

Reputation: 69

You can set the console encoding at utf-8 with:

import sys
sys.stdout = open(sys.stdout.fileno(), mode='w', encoding='utf8', buffering=1)

Upvotes: 0

Andreas Haferburg
Andreas Haferburg

Reputation: 5520

I tried zwol's solution in Python 3.6, but it didn't work for me. With some strings there was no output printed to the console.

But iljau's solution worked: Reopen stdout with a different encoding.

import sys
sys.stdout = open(1, 'w', encoding='utf-8', closefd=False)

Upvotes: 1

CervEd
CervEd

Reputation: 4282

As per this answer

You can manually reconfigure the encoding of stdout as of python 3.7

import sys
sys.stdout.reconfigure(encoding='utf-8')

Upvotes: 16

Mark Tolonen
Mark Tolonen

Reputation: 178115

Clarification:

TestText = "Test - āĀēĒčČ..šŠūŪžŽ" # this not UTF-8...it is a Unicode string in Python 3.X.
TestText2 = TestText.encode('utf8') # this is a UTF-8-encoded byte string.

To send UTF-8 to stdout regardless of the console's encoding, use the its buffer interface, which accepts bytes:

import sys
sys.stdout.buffer.write(TestText2)

Upvotes: 69

zwol
zwol

Reputation: 140836

This is the best I can dope out from the manual, and it's a bit of a dirty hack:

utf8stdout = open(1, 'w', encoding='utf-8', closefd=False) # fd 1 is stdout
print(whatever, file=utf8stdout)

It seems like file objects should have a method to change their encoding, but AFAICT there isn't one.

If you write to utf8stdout and then write to sys.stdout without calling utf8stdout.flush() first, or vice versa, bad things may happen.

Upvotes: 17

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