CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonmatplotlibplanematplotlib-3d
user3601754
user3601754

Reputation: 3862

Plot a plane and points in 3D simultaneously

I m trying to plot simultaneously a plane and some points in 3D with Matplotlib. I have no errors just the point will not appear. I can plot at different times some points and planes but never at same time. The part of the code looks like :

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

point  = np.array([1, 2, 3])
normal = np.array([1, 1, 2])

point2 = np.array([10, 50, 50])

# a plane is a*x+b*y+c*z+d=0
# [a,b,c] is the normal. Thus, we have to calculate
# d and we're set
d = -point.dot(normal)

# create x,y
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(range(10), range(10))

# calculate corresponding z
z = (-normal[0] * xx - normal[1] * yy - d) * 1. /normal[2]

# plot the surface
plt3d = plt.figure().gca(projection='3d')
plt3d.plot_surface(xx, yy, z, alpha=0.2)


#and i would like to plot this point : 
ax.scatter(point2[0] , point2[1] , point2[2],  color='green')

plt.show()

Upvotes: 44

Views: 118035

Answers (4)

Elaina Jeansonne
Elaina Jeansonne

Reputation: 1

I noticed several people doing this, but gca() is throwing an error for me when used this way. I don't know if something changed... plt.figure().gca(projection='3d')

If anyone else has this issue, .add_subplot() works. Also, I do not think the hold function works in python's MatPlotLib, just in MatLab.

Upvotes: 0

Sandipan Dey
Sandipan Dey

Reputation: 23101

Just elaborating a little more on the math part (and how it works), may be useful for someone, the equation of a plane with unit normal vector n containing a point a is shown as follows:

enter image description here

so that the equation of the plane here is x + y + 2*z = 9 and the following code can simply be used to plot the given plane:

# create the figure
fig = plt.figure()

# add axes
ax = fig.add_subplot(111,projection='3d')

xx, yy = np.meshgrid(range(10), range(10))
z = (9 - xx - yy) / 2 

# plot the plane
ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, z, alpha=0.5)

plt.show()

enter image description here

Plotting the point is straightforward with scatter()

Upvotes: 12

Suever
Suever

Reputation: 65430

You will need to tell the axes that you want new plots to add to the current plots on the axes rather than overwriting them. To do this, you will need to use axes.hold(True)

# plot the surface
plt3d = plt.figure().gca(projection='3d')
plt3d.plot_surface(xx, yy, z, alpha=0.2)

# Ensure that the next plot doesn't overwrite the first plot
ax = plt.gca()
ax.hold(True)

ax.scatter(points2[0], point2[1], point2[2], color='green')

enter image description here

UPDATE

As @tcaswell pointed out in the comments, they are considering discontinuing support for hold. As a result, a better approach may be to use the axes directly to add more plots as in @tom's answer.

Upvotes: 21

tmdavison
tmdavison

Reputation: 69116

Just to add to @suever's answer, you there's no reason why you can't create the Axes and then plot both the surface and the scatter points on it. Then there's no need to use ax.hold():

# Create the figure
fig = plt.figure()

# Add an axes
ax = fig.add_subplot(111,projection='3d')

# plot the surface
ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, z, alpha=0.2)

# and plot the point 
ax.scatter(point2[0] , point2[1] , point2[2],  color='green')

Upvotes: 28

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