Deleting an element from an array in PHP

Question

Is there an easy way to delete an element from an array using PHP, such that foreach ($array) no longer includes that element?

I thought that setting it to null would do it, but apparently it does not work.

Answer 1

There are different ways to delete an array element, where some are more useful for some specific tasks than others.

Deleting a Single Array Element

If you want to delete just one single array element you can use unset() and alternatively array_splice().

By key or by value?

If you know the value and don't know the key to delete the element you can use array_search() to get the key. This only works if the element doesn't occur more than once, since array_search() returns the first hit only.

unset() Expression

Note: When you use unset() the array keys won’t change. If you want to reindex the keys you can use array_values() after unset(), which will convert all keys to numerically enumerated keys starting from 0 (the array remains a list).

Example Code:

$array = [0 => "a", 1 => "b", 2 => "c"];
unset($array[1]);
          // ↑ Key of element to delete

Example Output:

[
    [0] => a
    [2] => c
]

array_splice() Function

If you use array_splice() the (integer) keys will automatically be reindex-ed, but the associative (string) keys won't change — as opposed to array_values() after unset(), which will convert all keys to numerical keys.

Note: array_splice() needs the offset, not the key, as the second parameter; offset = array_flip(array_keys(array))[key].

Example Code:

$array = [0 => "a", 1 => "b", 2 => "c"];
array_splice($array, 1, 1);
                  // ↑ Offset of element to delete

Example Output:

[
    [0] => a
    [1] => c
]

array_splice(), same as unset(), take the array by reference. You don’t assign the return values back to the array.

Deleting Multiple Array Elements

If you want to delete multiple array elements and don’t want to call unset() or array_splice() multiple times you can use the functions array_diff() or array_diff_key() depending on whether you know the values or the keys of the elements to remove from the array.

array_diff() Function

If you know the values of the array elements which you want to delete, then you can use array_diff(). As before with unset() it won’t change the keys of the array.

Example Code:

$array = [0 => "a", 1 => "b", 2 => "c", 3 => "c"];
$array = array_diff($array, ["a", "c"]);
                         // └────────┘
                         // Array values to delete

Example Output:

[
    [1] => b
]

array_diff_key() Function

If you know the keys of the elements which you want to delete, then you want to use array_diff_key(). You have to make sure you pass the keys as keys in the second parameter and not as values. Keys won’t reindex.

Example Code:

$array = [0 => "a", 1 => "b", 2 => "c"];
$array = array_diff_key($array, [0 => "xy", "2" => "xy"]);
                              // ↑           ↑
                              // Array keys of elements to delete

Example Output:

[
    [1] => b
]

If you want to use unset() or array_splice() to delete multiple elements with the same value you can use array_keys() to get all the keys for a specific value and then delete all elements.

array_filter() Function

If you want to delete all elements with a specific value in the array you can use array_filter().

Example Code:

$array = [0 => "a", 1 => "b", 2 => "c"];
$array = array_filter($array, static function ($element) {
    return $element !== "b";
    //                   ↑
    // Array value which you want to delete
});

Example Output:

[
    [0] => a
    [2] => c
]

Answer 2

If the index is specified:

$arr = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
$index = 0;    
unset($arr[$index]);  // $arr = ['b', 'c']

If we have value instead of index:

$arr = ['a', 'b', 'c'];

// search the value to find index
// Notice! this will only find the first occurrence of value
$index = array_search('a', $arr);

if($index !== false){
   unset($arr[$index]);  // $arr = ['b', 'c']
}

The if condition is necessary because if index is not found, unset() will automatically delete the first element of the array!!! which is not what we want.

Answer 3

Edit

If you can't take it as given that the object is in that array you need to add a check:

if(in_array($object,$array)) unset($array[array_search($object,$array)]);

Original Answer

if you want to remove a specific object of an array by reference of that object you can do following:

unset($array[array_search($object,$array)]);

Example:

<?php
class Foo
{
    public $id;
    public $name;
}

$foo1 = new Foo();
$foo1->id = 1;
$foo1->name = 'Name1';

$foo2 = new Foo();
$foo2->id = 2;
$foo2->name = 'Name2';

$foo3 = new Foo();
$foo3->id = 3;
$foo3->name = 'Name3';


$array = array($foo1,$foo2,$foo3);
unset($array[array_search($foo2,$array)]);

echo '<pre>';
var_dump($array);
echo '</pre>';
?>

Result:

array(2) {
[0]=>
    object(Foo)#1 (2) {
        ["id"]=>
        int(1)
        ["name"]=>
        string(5) "Name1"
    }
[2]=>
    object(Foo)#3 (2) {
        ["id"]=>
        int(3)
        ["name"]=>
        string(5) "Name3"
    }
}

Note that if the object occures several times it will only be removed the first occurence!

Answer 4

If you have to delete multiple values in an array and the entries in that array are objects or structured data, array_filter() is your best bet. Those entries that return a true from the callback function will be retained.

$array = [
    ['x'=>1,'y'=>2,'z'=>3], 
    ['x'=>2,'y'=>4,'z'=>6], 
    ['x'=>3,'y'=>6,'z'=>9]
];

$results = array_filter($array, function($value) {
    return $value['x'] > 2; 
}); //=> [['x'=>3,'y'=>6,z=>'9']]

Answer 5

I came here because I wanted to see if there was a more elegant solution to this problem than using unset($arr[$i]). To my disappointment these answers are either wrong or do not cover every edge case.

Here is why array_diff() does not work. Keys are unique in the array, while elements are not always unique.

$arr = [1,2,2,3];

foreach($arr as $i => $n){
    $b = array_diff($arr,[$n]);
    echo "\n".json_encode($b);
}

Results...

[2,2,3]
[1,3]
[1,2,2] 

If two elements are the same they will be remove. This also applies for array_search() and array_flip().

I saw a lot of answers with array_slice() and array_splice(), but these functions only work with numeric arrays. All the answers I am aware if here does not answer the question, and so here is a solution that will work.

$arr = [1,2,3];

foreach($arr as $i => $n){
    $b = array_merge(array_slice($arr,0,$i),array_slice($arr,$i+1));
    echo "\n".json_encode($b);
}

Results...

[2,3];
[1,3];
[1,2];

Since unset($arr[$i]) will work on both associative array and numeric arrays this still does not answer the question.

This solution is to compare the keys and with a tool that will handle both numeric and associative arrays. I use array_diff_uassoc() for this. This function compares the keys in a call back function.

$arr = [1,2,2,3];
//$arr = ['a'=>'z','b'=>'y','c'=>'x','d'=>'w'];
foreach($arr as $key => $n){
    $b = array_diff_uassoc($arr, [$key=>$n], function($a,$b) {
        if($a != $b){
            return 1;
        }
    });
    echo "\n".json_encode($b);
}    

Results.....

[2,2,3];
[1,2,3];
[1,2,2];

['b'=>'y','c'=>'x','d'=>'w'];
['a'=>'z','c'=>'x','d'=>'w'];
['a'=>'z','b'=>'y','d'=>'w'];
['a'=>'z','b'=>'y','c'=>'x'];

Answer 6

Follow the default functions:

• PHP: unset

unset() destroys the specified variables. For more info, you can refer to PHP unset

$Array = array("test1", "test2", "test3", "test3");

unset($Array[2]);

• PHP: array_pop

The array_pop() function deletes the last element of an array. For more info, you can refer to PHP array_pop

$Array = array("test1", "test2", "test3", "test3");

array_pop($Array);

• PHP: array_splice

The array_splice() function removes selected elements from an array and replaces it with new elements. For more info, you can refer to PHP array_splice

$Array = array("test1", "test2", "test3", "test3");

array_splice($Array,1,2);

• PHP: array_shift

The array_shift() function removes the first element from an array. For more info, you can refer to PHP array_shift

$Array = array("test1", "test2", "test3", "test3");

array_shift($Array);

Answer 7

<?php
    $stack = ["fruit1", "fruit2", "fruit3", "fruit4"];
    $fruit = array_shift($stack);
    print_r($stack);

    echo $fruit;
?>

Output:

[
    [0] => fruit2
    [1] => fruit3
    [2] => fruit4
]

fruit1

Answer 8

Two ways for removing the first item of an array with keeping order of the index and also if you don't know the key name of the first item.

Solution #1

// 1 is the index of the first object to get
// NULL to get everything until the end
// true to preserve keys
$array = array_slice($array, 1, null, true);

Solution #2

// Rewinds the array's internal pointer to the first element
// and returns the value of the first array element.
$value = reset($array);
// Returns the index element of the current array position
$key = key($array);
unset($array[$key]);

---

For this sample data:

$array = array(10 => "a", 20 => "b", 30 => "c");

You must have this result:

array(2) {
  [20]=>
  string(1) "b"
  [30]=>
  string(1) "c"
}

Answer 9

Solutions:

1. To delete one element, use unset():

unset($array[3]);
unset($array['foo']);

2. To delete multiple noncontiguous elements, also use unset():

unset($array[3], $array[5]);
unset($array['foo'], $array['bar']);

3. To delete multiple contiguous elements, use array_splice():

array_splice($array, $offset, $length);

Further explanation:

Using these functions removes all references to these elements from PHP. If you want to keep a key in the array, but with an empty value, assign the empty string to the element:

$array[3] = $array['foo'] = '';

Besides syntax, there's a logical difference between using unset() and assigning '' to the element. The first says This doesn't exist anymore, while the second says This still exists, but its value is the empty string.

If you're dealing with numbers, assigning 0 may be a better alternative. So, if a company stopped production of the model XL1000 sprocket, it would update its inventory with:

unset($products['XL1000']);

However, if it temporarily ran out of XL1000 sprockets, but was planning to receive a new shipment from the plant later this week, this is better:

$products['XL1000'] = 0;

If you unset() an element, PHP adjusts the array so that looping still works correctly. It doesn't compact the array to fill in the missing holes. This is what we mean when we say that all arrays are associative, even when they appear to be numeric. Here's an example:

// Create a "numeric" array
$animals = array('ant', 'bee', 'cat', 'dog', 'elk', 'fox');
print $animals[1];  // Prints 'bee'
print $animals[2];  // Prints 'cat'
count($animals);    // Returns 6

// unset()
unset($animals[1]); // Removes element $animals[1] = 'bee'
print $animals[1];  // Prints '' and throws an E_NOTICE error
print $animals[2];  // Still prints 'cat'
count($animals);    // Returns 5, even though $array[5] is 'fox'

// Add a new element
$animals[ ] = 'gnu'; // Add a new element (not Unix)
print $animals[1];  // Prints '', still empty
print $animals[6];  // Prints 'gnu', this is where 'gnu' ended up
count($animals);    // Returns 6

// Assign ''
$animals[2] = '';   // Zero out value
print $animals[2];  // Prints ''
count($animals);    // Returns 6, count does not decrease

To compact the array into a densely filled numeric array, use array_values():

$animals = array_values($animals);

Alternatively, array_splice() automatically reindexes arrays to avoid leaving holes:

// Create a "numeric" array
$animals = array('ant', 'bee', 'cat', 'dog', 'elk', 'fox');
array_splice($animals, 2, 2);
print_r($animals);
Array
(
    [0] => ant
    [1] => bee
    [2] => elk
    [3] => fox
)

This is useful if you're using the array as a queue and want to remove items from the queue while still allowing random access. To safely remove the first or last element from an array, use array_shift() and array_pop(), respectively.

Answer 10

Remove an array element based on a key:

Use the unset function like below:

$a = array(
       'salam',
       '10',
       1
);

unset($a[1]);

print_r($a);

/*

    Output:

        Array
        (
            [0] => salam
            [2] => 1
        )

*/

Remove an array element based on value:

Use the array_search function to get an element key and use the above manner to remove an array element like below:

$a = array(
       'salam',
       '10',
       1
);

$key = array_search(10, $a);

if ($key !== false) {
    unset($a[$key]);
}

print_r($a);

/*

    Output:

        Array
        (
            [0] => salam
            [2] => 1
        )

*/

Answer 11

<?php
    // If you want to remove a particular array element use this method
    $my_array = array("key1"=>"value 1", "key2"=>"value 2", "key3"=>"value 3");

    print_r($my_array);
    if (array_key_exists("key1", $my_array)) {
        unset($my_array['key1']);
        print_r($my_array);
    }
    else {
        echo "Key does not exist";
    }
?>

<?php
    //To remove first array element
    $my_array = array("key1"=>"value 1", "key2"=>"value 2", "key3"=>"value 3");
    print_r($my_array);
    $new_array = array_slice($my_array, 1);
    print_r($new_array);
?>


<?php
    echo "<br/>    ";
    // To remove first array element to length
    // starts from first and remove two element
    $my_array = array("key1"=>"value 1", "key2"=>"value 2", "key3"=>"value 3");
    print_r($my_array);
    $new_array = array_slice($my_array, 1, 2);
    print_r($new_array);
?>

Output

 Array ( [key1] => value 1 [key2] => value 2 [key3] =>
 value 3 ) Array (    [key2] => value 2 [key3] => value 3 )
 Array ( [key1] => value 1 [key2] => value 2 [key3] => value 3 )
 Array ( [key2] => value 2 [key3] => value 3 )
 Array ( [key1] => value 1 [key2] => value 2 [key3] => value 3 )
 Array ( [key2] => value 2 [key3] => value 3 )

Answer 12

Associative arrays

For associative arrays, use unset:

$arr = array('a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3);
unset($arr['b']);

// RESULT: array('a' => 1, 'c' => 3)

---

Numeric arrays

For numeric arrays, use array_splice:

$arr = array(1, 2, 3);
array_splice($arr, 1, 1);

// RESULT: array(0 => 1, 1 => 3)

Note

Using unset for numeric arrays will not produce an error, but it will mess up your indexes:

$arr = array(1, 2, 3);
unset($arr[1]);

// RESULT: array(0 => 1, 2 => 3)

Answer 13

I'd just like to say I had a particular object that had variable attributes (it was basically mapping a table and I was changing the columns in the table, so the attributes in the object, reflecting the table would vary as well):

class obj {
    protected $fields = array('field1','field2');
    protected $field1 = array();
    protected $field2 = array();
    protected loadfields(){}
    // This will load the $field1 and $field2 with rows of data for the column they describe
    protected function clearFields($num){
        foreach($fields as $field) {
            unset($this->$field[$num]);
            // This did not work the line below worked
            unset($this->{$field}[$num]); // You have to resolve $field first using {}
        }
    }
}

The whole purpose of $fields was just, so I don't have to look everywhere in the code when they're changed, I just look at the beginning of the class and change the list of attributes and the $fields array content to reflect the new attributes.

Answer 14

unset() destroys the specified variables.

The behavior of unset() inside of a function can vary depending on what type of variable you are attempting to destroy.

If a globalized variable is unset() inside of a function, only the local variable is destroyed. The variable in the calling environment will retain the same value as before unset() was called.

<?php
    function destroy_foo()
    {
        global $foo;
        unset($foo);
    }

    $foo = 'bar';
    destroy_foo();
    echo $foo;
?>

The answer of the above code will be bar.

To unset() a global variable inside of a function:

<?php
    function foo()
    {
        unset($GLOBALS['bar']);
    }

    $bar = "something";
    foo();
?>

Answer 15

Use the following code:

$arr = array('orange', 'banana', 'apple', 'raspberry');
$result = array_pop($arr);
print_r($result);

Answer 16

$key = array_search($needle, $array);
if ($key !== false) {
    unset($array[$key]);
}

Answer 17

  // Our initial array
  $arr = array("blue", "green", "red", "yellow", "green", "orange", "yellow", "indigo", "red");
  print_r($arr);

  // Remove the elements who's values are yellow or red
  $arr = array_diff($arr, array("yellow", "red"));
  print_r($arr);

This is the output from the code above:

Array
(
    [0] => blue
    [1] => green
    [2] => red
    [3] => yellow
    [4] => green
    [5] => orange
    [6] => yellow
    [7] => indigo
    [8] => red
)

Array
(
    [0] => blue
    [1] => green
    [4] => green
    [5] => orange
    [7] => indigo
)

Now, array_values() will reindex a numerical array nicely, but it will remove all key strings from the array and replace them with numbers. If you need to preserve the key names (strings), or reindex the array if all keys are numerical, use array_merge():

$arr = array_merge(array_diff($arr, array("yellow", "red")));
print_r($arr);

Outputs

Array
(
    [0] => blue
    [1] => green
    [2] => green
    [3] => orange
    [4] => indigo
)

Answer 18

unset() multiple, fragmented elements from an array

While unset() has been mentioned here several times, it has yet to be mentioned that unset() accepts multiple variables making it easy to delete multiple, noncontiguous elements from an array in one operation:

// Delete multiple, noncontiguous elements from an array
$array = [ 'foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'quz' ];
unset( $array[2], $array[3] );
print_r($array);
// Output: [ 'foo', 'bar' ]

unset() dynamically

unset() does not accept an array of keys to remove, so the code below will fail (it would have made it slightly easier to use unset() dynamically though).

$array = range(0,5);
$remove = [1,2];
$array = unset( $remove ); // FAILS: "unexpected 'unset'"
print_r($array);

Instead, unset() can be used dynamically in a foreach loop:

$array = range(0,5);
$remove = [1,2];
foreach ($remove as $k=>$v) {
    unset($array[$v]);
}
print_r($array);
// Output: [ 0, 3, 4, 5 ]

Remove array keys by copying the array

There is also another practice that has yet to be mentioned. Sometimes, the simplest way to get rid of certain array keys is to simply copy $array1 into $array2.

$array1 = range(1,10);
foreach ($array1 as $v) {
    // Remove all even integers from the array
    if( $v % 2 ) {
        $array2[] = $v;
    }
}
print_r($array2);
// Output: [ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ];

Obviously, the same practice applies to text strings:

$array1 = [ 'foo', '_bar', 'baz' ];
foreach ($array1 as $v) {
    // Remove all strings beginning with underscore
    if( strpos($v,'_')===false ) {
        $array2[] = $v;
    }
}
print_r($array2);
// Output: [ 'foo', 'baz' ]

Answer 19

Also, for a named element:

unset($array["elementName"]);

Answer 20

// Remove by value
function removeFromArr($arr, $val)
{
    unset($arr[array_search($val, $arr)]);
    return array_values($arr);
}

Answer 21

Destroy a single element of an array

unset()

$array1 = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
unset($array1[2]); // Delete known index(2) value from array
var_dump($array1);

The output will be:

array(4) {
  [0]=>
  string(1) "A"
  [1]=>
  string(1) "B"
  [3]=>
  string(1) "D"
  [4]=>
  string(1) "E"
}

If you need to re index the array:

$array1 = array_values($array1);
var_dump($array1);

Then the output will be:

array(4) {
  [0]=>
  string(1) "A"
  [1]=>
  string(1) "B"
  [2]=>
  string(1) "D"
  [3]=>
  string(1) "E"
}

Pop the element off the end of array - return the value of the removed element

mixed array_pop(array &$array)

$stack = array("orange", "banana", "apple", "raspberry");
$last_fruit = array_pop($stack);
print_r($stack);
print_r('Last Fruit:'.$last_fruit); // Last element of the array

The output will be

Array
(
    [0] => orange
    [1] => banana
    [2] => apple
)
Last Fruit: raspberry

Remove the first element (red) from an array, - return the value of the removed element

mixed array_shift ( array &$array )

$color = array("a" => "red", "b" => "green" , "c" => "blue");
$first_color = array_shift($color);
print_r ($color);
print_r ('First Color: '.$first_color);

The output will be:

Array
(
    [b] => green
    [c] => blue
)
First Color: red

Answer 22

If you need to remove multiple elements from an associative array, you can use array_diff_key() (here used with array_flip()):

$my_array = array(
  "key1" => "value 1",
  "key2" => "value 2",
  "key3" => "value 3",
  "key4" => "value 4",
  "key5" => "value 5",
);

$to_remove = array("key2", "key4");

$result = array_diff_key($my_array, array_flip($to_remove));

print_r($result);

Output:

Array ( [key1] => value 1 [key3] => value 3 [key5] => value 5 ) 

Answer 23

If you have a numerically indexed array where all values are unique (or they are non-unique but you wish to remove all instances of a particular value), you can simply use array_diff() to remove a matching element, like this:

$my_array = array_diff($my_array, array('Value_to_remove'));

For example:

$my_array = array('Andy', 'Bertha', 'Charles', 'Diana');
echo sizeof($my_array) . "\n";
$my_array = array_diff($my_array, array('Charles'));
echo sizeof($my_array);

This displays the following:

4
3

In this example, the element with the value 'Charles' is removed as can be verified by the sizeof() calls that report a size of 4 for the initial array, and 3 after the removal.

Answer 24

It should be noted that unset() will keep indexes untouched, which is what you'd expect when using string indexes (array as hashtable), but can be quite surprising when dealing with integer indexed arrays:

$array = array(0, 1, 2, 3);
unset($array[2]);
var_dump($array);
/* array(3) {
  [0]=>
  int(0)
  [1]=>
  int(1)
  [3]=>
  int(3)
} */

$array = array(0, 1, 2, 3);
array_splice($array, 2, 1);
var_dump($array);
/* array(3) {
  [0]=>
  int(0)
  [1]=>
  int(1)
  [2]=>
  int(3)
} */

So array_splice() can be used if you'd like to normalize your integer keys. Another option is using array_values() after unset():

$array = array(0, 1, 2, 3);

unset($array[2]);
$array = array_values($array);
var_dump($array);
/* array(3) {
  [0]=>
  int(0)
  [1]=>
  int(1)
  [2]=>
  int(3)
} */

Answer 25

unset($array[$index]);