CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonmatplotlibmatplotlib-3d
rectangletangle
rectangletangle

Reputation: 52941

ValueError: Unknown projection '3d'

I just installed matplotlib and am trying to run one of there example scripts. However I run into the error detailed below. What am I doing wrong? 

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
X, Y, Z = axes3d.get_test_data(0.05)
cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 16, extend3d=True)
ax.clabel(cset, fontsize=9, inline=1)

plt.show()

The error is 

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 245, in run_nodebug
  File "<module1>", line 5, in <module>
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 945, in gca
    return self.add_subplot(111, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 677, in add_subplot
    projection_class = get_projection_class(projection)
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\projections\__init__.py", line 61, in get_projection_class
    raise ValueError("Unknown projection '%s'" % projection)
ValueError: Unknown projection '3d'

Upvotes: 141

Views: 140382

Answers (7)

cardamom
cardamom

Reputation: 7421

I got this exact same error but from a different part of the sample script. As such is not totally relevant to the OPs problem but others with this error message in the scripts may find this useful.

Somewhere in the code there were lines -

points = points.to_crs({"init": "EPSG:3857"})

and

city = city.to_crs({"init": "EPSG:3857"})

Which generates a warning:

FutureWarning: '+init=<authority>:<code>' syntax is deprecated. '<authority>:<code>' is the preferred initialization method.

I don't think you can ignore that warning. The updated syntax is detailed here:

https://geopandas.org/en/stable/docs/user_guide/projections.html#setting-a-projection

Once you change those to

points = points.to_crs("EPSG:3857")

and

city = city.to_crs("EPSG:3857")

..the ValueError further down the code goes away.

Upvotes: 0

Sean Rothenberger
Sean Rothenberger

Reputation: 21

As recommended in other comments I found that importing "axes3d" resolved the issue:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

It seems that this is needed if using an older version of matplotlib.pyplot

Upvotes: 2

Tushar Sharma
Tushar Sharma

Reputation: 303

Import mplot3d whole to use "projection = '3d'".

Insert the command below in top of your script. It should run fine.

from mpl_toolkits import mplot3d

Upvotes: 14

chetan wankhede
chetan wankhede

Reputation: 11

Try this:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d

fig=plt.figure(figsize=(16,12.5))
ax=fig.add_subplot(2,2,1,projection="3d")

a=ax.scatter(Dataframe['bedrooms'],Dataframe['bathrooms'],Dataframe['floors'])
plt.plot(a)

Upvotes: 0

Joe Kington
Joe Kington

Reputation: 284602

First off, I think mplot3D worked a bit differently in matplotlib version 0.99 than it does in the current version of matplotlib.

Which version are you using? (Try running: python -c 'import matplotlib; print matplotlib."__version__")

I'm guessing you're running version 0.99, in which case you'll need to either use a slightly different syntax or update to a more recent version of matplotlib.

If you're running version 0.99, try doing this instead of using using the projection keyword argument:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d, Axes3D #<-- Note the capitalization! 
fig = plt.figure()

ax = Axes3D(fig) #<-- Note the difference from your original code...

X, Y, Z = axes3d.get_test_data(0.05)
cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 16, extend3d=True)
ax.clabel(cset, fontsize=9, inline=1)
plt.show()

This should work in matplotlib 1.0.x, as well, not just 0.99.

Upvotes: 121

Colin Wang
Colin Wang

Reputation: 851

I encounter the same problem, and @Joe Kington and @bvanlew's answer solve my problem.

but I should add more infomation when you use pycharm and enable auto import.

when you format the code, the code from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D will auto remove by pycharm.

so, my solution is

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
Axes3D = Axes3D  # pycharm auto import
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

and it works well!

Upvotes: 4

bvanlew
bvanlew

Reputation: 1495

Just to add to Joe Kington's answer (not enough reputation for a comment) there is a good example of mixing 2d and 3d plots in the documentation at http://matplotlib.org/examples/mplot3d/mixed_subplots_demo.html which shows projection='3d' working in combination with the Axes3D import.

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
...
ax = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 1)
...
ax = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 2, projection='3d')

In fact as long as the Axes3D import is present the line 

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
...
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

as used by the OP also works. (checked with matplotlib version 1.3.1)

Upvotes: 70

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