CODEWITHSUNDEEP
rggplot2
Mohammad
Mohammad

Reputation: 1098

How to plot a shaded area on ggplot?

I have a plot in ggplot which the x axis is the real and y axis is imaginary values of my data. For example:

dat=data.frame(real=c(0,0.5,0.7),imaginary=c(0.7,0.5,0.5))
ggplot(dat,aes(real,imaginary))+geom_point(size=7)+xlim(0,1)+ylim(0,1)

So the plot looks like:

enter image description here

Now I need to add a shaded area on the plot including the following functions ranges:

real = a*cos(b)         # 0<a<0.5  0<b<45
imaginary = a*sin(b)    # 0<a<0.5  0<b<30

Thanks a lot

Upvotes: 1

Views: 1921

Answers (1)

mathematical.coffee
mathematical.coffee

Reputation: 56905

This seems to be more of a maths problem than a programming one. First determine what shape this will trace out (and it is not necessarily true that the coordinates will define a region that can be shaded in, but in this case they do), and then use e.g. geom_polygon to draw them.

It looks like you want to draw a circle centred at (0, 0) with radius 0.5, and fill it in. (your equation is real^2 + imaginary^2 = a^2 which describes this circle. The fact that a goes from 0 to 0.5 just means you want every circle from radius 0 to radius 0.5. b defines how much of the circle you trace out, but once you hit 2*pi you will get a full circle anyway so going past that doesn't make a difference).

So you can just make a set of (x, y) coordinates on this circle e.g.

b <- seq(0, 2*pi, by=0.1) # sin/cos are periodic, no point going past 2*pi
circ <- data.frame(x=0.5*cos(b), y=0.5*sin(b))

Original plot:

dat=data.frame(x=c(0,0.5,0.7),y=c(0.7,0.5,0.5))
p = ggplot(dat,aes(x,y))+geom_point(size=7)+xlim(0,1)+ylim(0,1)+xlab("real")+ylab("imaginary")

so all you need is

p + geom_polygon(dat=circ)

enter image description here

You can change the colour and so on. Now you'll notice that the circle looks odd in this graph - it's because the x and y limits are restricted from 0 to 1 while the circle covers a range more than this. If you use xlim and ylim ggplot will truncate the data (ie truncate the bits of the polygon causing it to look odd) rather than simply truncating the view window. To fix it, use coord_cartesian to restrict the axes rather than xlim and ylim.

ggplot(dat, aes(x, y)) + geom_point(size=7) +
    coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0, 1), ylim=c(0, 1)) +
    geom_polygon(dat=circ)

enter image description here

Upvotes: 3

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