CODEWITHSUNDEEP
c#string
Jade M
Jade M

Reputation:

How does one extract each folder name from a path?

My path is \\server\folderName1\another name\something\another folder\

How do I extract each folder name into a string if I don't know how many folders there are in the path and I don't know the folder names?

Many thanks

Upvotes: 85

Views: 145880

Answers (18)

Wolf5370
Wolf5370

Reputation: 1374

Realise this is an old post, but I came across it looking - in the end I decided apon the below function as it sorted what I was doing at the time better than any of the above:

private static List<DirectoryInfo> SplitDirectory(DirectoryInfo parent)
{
    if (parent == null) return null;
    var rtn = new List<DirectoryInfo>();
    var di = parent;

    while (di.Name != di.Root.Name)
    {
    rtn.Add(di);
    di = di.Parent;
    }
    rtn.Add(di.Root);

    rtn.Reverse();
    return rtn;
}

Upvotes: 10

hmadrigal
hmadrigal

Reputation: 1050

I'd like to contribute using this options (without split method)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;

namespace SampleConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var filePaths = new[]
            {
                "C:/a/b/c/d/files-samples/formdata.bmp",
                @"\\127.0.0.1\c$\a\b\c\d\formdata.bmp",
                "/usr/home/john/a/b/c/d/formdata.bmp"
            };

            foreach (var filePath in filePaths)
            {

                var directorySegments = GetDirectorySegments(filePath);
                Console.WriteLine(filePath);
                Console.WriteLine(string.Join(Environment.NewLine,
                    directorySegments.Select((e, i) => $"\t Segment#={i + 1} Text={e}")));
            }

        }

        private static IList<string> GetDirectorySegments(string filePath)
        {
            var directorySegments = new List<string>();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
                return directorySegments;

            var fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
            if (fileInfo.Directory == null) 
                return directorySegments;

            for (var currentDirectory = fileInfo.Directory;
                currentDirectory != null;
                currentDirectory = currentDirectory.Parent)
                directorySegments.Insert(0, currentDirectory.Name);

            return directorySegments;
        }
    }
}

if everything goes well, an output will be like:

C:/a/b/c/d/files-samples/formdata.bmp
         Segment#=1 Text=C:\
         Segment#=2 Text=a
         Segment#=3 Text=b
         Segment#=4 Text=c
         Segment#=5 Text=d
         Segment#=6 Text=files-samples
\\127.0.0.1\c$\a\b\c\d\formdata.bmp
         Segment#=1 Text=\\127.0.0.1\c$
         Segment#=2 Text=a
         Segment#=3 Text=b
         Segment#=4 Text=c
         Segment#=5 Text=d
/usr/home/john/a/b/c/d/formdata.bmp
         Segment#=1 Text=C:\
         Segment#=2 Text=usr
         Segment#=3 Text=home
         Segment#=4 Text=john
         Segment#=5 Text=a
         Segment#=6 Text=b
         Segment#=7 Text=c
         Segment#=8 Text=d

You can still perform additional filters to GetDirectorySegments (since you have an instance of DirectoryInfo you can check atributes or use the Exist property)

Upvotes: 0

Martin Martono
Martin Martono

Reputation: 11

I use this for looping folder ftp server

public List<string> CreateMultiDirectory(string remoteFile)
      
var separators = new char[] { Path.DirectorySeparatorChar, Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar };
string[] directory = Path.GetDirectoryName(remoteFile).Split(separators);

var path = new List<string>();
var folder = string.Empty;
foreach (var item in directory)
{
     folder += $@"{item}\";
     path.Add(folder);
}

return path;

Upvotes: 1

Roland
Roland

Reputation: 5234

Inspired by the earlier answers, but simpler, and without recursion. Also, it does not care what the separation symbol is, as Dir.Parent covers this:

    /// <summary>
    /// Split a directory in its components.
    /// Input e.g: a/b/c/d.
    /// Output: d, c, b, a.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="Dir"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static IEnumerable<string> DirectorySplit(this DirectoryInfo Dir)
    {
        while (Dir != null)
        {
            yield return Dir.Name;
            Dir = Dir.Parent;
        }
    }

Either stick this in a static class to create a nice extension method, or just leave out the this (and static).

Usage example (as an extension method) to access the path parts by number:

    /// <summary>
    /// Return one part of the directory path.
    /// Path e.g.: a/b/c/d. PartNr=0 is a, Nr 2 = c.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="Dir"></param>
    /// <param name="PartNr"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string DirectoryPart(this DirectoryInfo Dir, int PartNr)
    {
        string[] Parts = Dir.DirectorySplit().ToArray();
        int L = Parts.Length;
        return PartNr >= 0 && PartNr < L ? Parts[L - 1 - PartNr] : "";
    }

Both above methods are now in my personal library, hence the xml comments. Usage example:

    DirectoryInfo DI_Data = new DirectoryInfo(@"D:\Hunter\Data\2019\w38\abc\000.d");
    label_Year.Text = DI_Data.DirectoryPart(3); // --> 2019
    label_Entry.Text = DI_Data.DirectoryPart(6);// --> 000.d

Upvotes: 5

hmadrigal
hmadrigal

Reputation: 1050

I just coded this since I didn't find any already built in in C#. 

/// <summary>
/// get the directory path segments.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="directoryPath">the directory path.</param>
/// <returns>a IEnumerable<string> containing the get directory path segments.</returns>
public IEnumerable<string> GetDirectoryPathSegments(string directoryPath)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(directoryPath))
    { throw new Exception($"Invalid Directory: {directoryPath ?? "null"}"); }

    var currentNode = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(directoryPath);

    var targetRootNode = currentNode.Root;
    if (targetRootNode == null) return new string[] { currentNode.Name };
    var directorySegments = new List<string>();
    while (string.Compare(targetRootNode.FullName, currentNode.FullName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) != 0)
    {
        directorySegments.Insert(0, currentNode.Name);
        currentNode = currentNode.Parent;
    }
    directorySegments.Insert(0, currentNode.Name);
    return directorySegments;
}

Upvotes: 0

toddmo
toddmo

Reputation: 22416

Here's a modification of Wolf's answer that leaves out the root and fixes what seemed to be a couple of bugs. I used it to generate a breadcrumbs and I didn't want the root showing.

this is an extension of the DirectoryInfo type.

public static List<DirectoryInfo> PathParts(this DirectoryInfo source, string rootPath)
{
  if (source == null) return null;
  DirectoryInfo root = new DirectoryInfo(rootPath);
  var pathParts = new List<DirectoryInfo>();
  var di = source;

  while (di != null && di.FullName != root.FullName)
  {
    pathParts.Add(di);
    di = di.Parent;
  }

  pathParts.Reverse();
  return pathParts;
}

Upvotes: 0

K. R.
K. R.

Reputation: 1260

public static IEnumerable<string> Split(this DirectoryInfo path)
{
    if (path == null) 
        throw new ArgumentNullException("path");
    if (path.Parent != null)
        foreach(var d in Split(path.Parent))
            yield return d;
    yield return path.Name;
}

Upvotes: 5

Kelly Elton
Kelly Elton

Reputation: 4427

I see your method Wolf5370 and raise you.

internal static List<DirectoryInfo> Split(this DirectoryInfo path)
{
    if(path == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("path");
    var ret = new List<DirectoryInfo>();
    if (path.Parent != null) ret.AddRange(Split(path.Parent));
    ret.Add(path);
    return ret;
}

On the path c:\folder1\folder2\folder3 this returns

c:\

c:\folder1

c:\folder1\folder2

c:\folder1\folder2\folder3

In that order

OR

internal static List<string> Split(this DirectoryInfo path)
{
    if(path == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("path");
    var ret = new List<string>();
    if (path.Parent != null) ret.AddRange(Split(path.Parent));
    ret.Add(path.Name);
    return ret;
}

will return

c:\

folder1

folder2

folder3

Upvotes: 12

Michael Fitzpatrick
Michael Fitzpatrick

Reputation: 722

    // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    /// <summary>
    /// Use to emulate the C lib function _splitpath()
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path">The path to split</param>
    /// <param name="rootpath">optional root if a relative path</param>
    /// <returns>the folders in the path. 
    ///     Item 0 is drive letter with ':' 
    ///     If path is UNC path then item 0 is "\\"
    /// </returns>
    /// <example>
    /// string p1 = @"c:\p1\p2\p3\p4";
    /// string[] ap1 = p1.SplitPath();
    /// // ap1 = {"c:", "p1", "p2", "p3", "p4"}
    /// string p2 = @"\\server\p2\p3\p4";
    /// string[] ap2 = p2.SplitPath();
    /// // ap2 = {@"\\", "server", "p2", "p3", "p4"}
    /// string p3 = @"..\p3\p4";
    /// string root3 = @"c:\p1\p2\";
    /// string[] ap3 = p1.SplitPath(root3);
    /// // ap3 = {"c:", "p1", "p3", "p4"}
    /// </example>
    public static string[] SplitPath(this string path, string rootpath = "")
    {
        string drive;
        string[] astr;
        path = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(rootpath, path));
        if (path[1] == ':')
        {
            drive = path.Substring(0, 2);
            string newpath = path.Substring(2);
            astr = newpath.Split(new[] { Path.DirectorySeparatorChar }
                , StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
        }
        else
        {
            drive = @"\\";
            astr = path.Split(new[] { Path.DirectorySeparatorChar }
                , StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
        }
        string[] splitPath = new string[astr.Length + 1];
        splitPath[0] = drive;
        astr.CopyTo(splitPath, 1);
        return splitPath;
    }

Upvotes: 4

granadaCoder
granadaCoder

Reputation: 27852

I am adding to Matt Brunell's answer.

            string[] directories = myStringWithLotsOfFolders.Split(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);

            string previousEntry = string.Empty;
            if (null != directories)
            {
                foreach (string direc in directories)
                {
                    string newEntry = previousEntry + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar + direc;
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(newEntry))
                    {
                        if (!newEntry.Equals(Convert.ToString(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine(newEntry);
                            previousEntry = newEntry;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

This should give you:

"\server"

"\server\folderName1"

"\server\folderName1\another name"

"\server\folderName1\another name\something"

"\server\folderName1\another name\something\another folder\"

(or sort your resulting collection by the string.Length of each value.

Upvotes: 0

Navish Rampal
Navish Rampal

Reputation: 482

DirectoryInfo objDir = new DirectoryInfo(direcotryPath);
DirectoryInfo [] directoryNames =  objDir.GetDirectories("*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);

This will give you all the directories and subdirectories.

Upvotes: 0

steve_mtl
steve_mtl

Reputation: 970

I wrote the following method which works for me. 

protected bool isDirectoryFound(string path, string pattern)
    {
        bool success = false;

        DirectoryInfo directories = new DirectoryInfo(@path);
        DirectoryInfo[] folderList = directories.GetDirectories();

        Regex rx = new Regex(pattern);

        foreach (DirectoryInfo di in folderList)
        {
            if (rx.IsMatch(di.Name))
            {
                success = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        return success;
    }

The lines most pertinent to your question being:

DirectoryInfo directories = new DirectoryInfo(@path); DirectoryInfo[] folderList = directories.GetDirectories();

Upvotes: 0

Jon
Jon

Reputation: 437386

This is good in the general case:

yourPath.Split(@"\/", StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)

There is no empty element in the returned array if the path itself ends in a (back)slash (e.g. "\foo\bar\"). However, you will have to be sure that yourPath is really a directory and not a file. You can find out what it is and compensate if it is a file like this:

if(Directory.Exists(yourPath)) {
  var entries = yourPath.Split(@"\/", StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
}
else if(File.Exists(yourPath)) {
  var entries = Path.GetDirectoryName(yourPath).Split(
                    @"\/", StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
}
else {
  // error handling
}

I believe this covers all bases without being too pedantic. It will return a string[] that you can iterate over with foreach to get each directory in turn.

If you want to use constants instead of the @"\/" magic string, you need to use

var separators = new char[] {
  Path.DirectorySeparatorChar,  
  Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar  
};

and then use separators instead of @"\/" in the code above. Personally, I find this too verbose and would most likely not do it.

Upvotes: 36

Matt Brunell
Matt Brunell

Reputation: 10389

string mypath = @"..\folder1\folder2\folder2";
string[] directories = mypath.Split(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);

Edit: This returns each individual folder in the directories array. You can get the number of folders returned like this:

int folderCount = directories.Length;

Upvotes: 129

Dan Herbert
Dan Herbert

Reputation: 103417

There are a few ways that a file path can be represented. You should use the System.IO.Path class to get the separators for the OS, since it can vary between UNIX and Windows. Also, most (or all if I'm not mistaken) .NET libraries accept either a '\' or a '/' as a path separator, regardless of OS. For this reason, I'd use the Path class to split your paths. Try something like the following:

string originalPath = "\\server\\folderName1\\another\ name\\something\\another folder\\";
string[] filesArray = originalPath.Split(Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar,
                              Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);

This should work regardless of the number of folders or the names.

Upvotes: 7

M4N
M4N

Reputation: 96571

Or, if you need to do something with each folder, have a look at the System.IO.DirectoryInfo class. It also has a Parent property that allows you to navigate to the parent directory.

Upvotes: 0

Brian
Brian

Reputation: 5956

Maybe call Directory.GetParent in a loop? That's if you want the full path to each directory and not just the directory names.

Upvotes: 3

Mark A Johnson
Mark A Johnson

Reputation: 958

The quick answer is to use the .Split('\\') method.

Upvotes: 2

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