CODEWITHSUNDEEP
javascripthtmljquery
ika
ika

Reputation: 1951

How can I change an element's text without changing its child elements?

I'd like to update element's text dynamically:

<div>
   **text to change**
   <someChild>
       text that should not change
   </someChild>
   <someChild>
       text that should not change
   </someChild>
</div>

I'm new to jQuery, so this task seems to be quite challenging for me. Could someone point me to a function/selector to use?

If it is possible, I'd like to do it without adding a new container for the text I need to change.

Upvotes: 158

Views: 103069

Answers (16)

Mark Baijens
Mark Baijens

Reputation: 13222

Update 2018

Since this is a pretty popular answer I decided to update and beautify it a little by adding the textnode selector to jQuery as a plugin.

In the snippet below you can see that I define a new jQuery function that gets all (and only) the textNodes. You can chain of this function as well with for example the first() function. I do a trim on the text node and check if it's not empty after the trim because spaces, tabs, new lines, etc. are also recognized as text nodes. If you need those nodes too then simple remove that from the if statement in the jQuery function.

I added an example how to replace first text node and how to replace all text nodes.

This approach makes it easier to read the code and easier to use it multiple times and with different purposes.

The Update 2017 (adrach) should still work as well if you prefer that.

As jQuery extension

//Add a jQuery extension so it can be used on any jQuery object
jQuery.fn.textNodes = function() {
  return this.contents().filter(function() {
    return (this.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE && this.nodeValue.trim() !== "");
  });
}

//Use the jQuery extension
$(document).ready(function(){
  $('#replaceAll').on('click', () => {
    $('#testSubject').textNodes().replaceWith('Replaced');
  });

  $('#replaceFirst').on('click', () => {
    $('#testSubject').textNodes().first().replaceWith('Replaced First');
  });
});
p {
  margin: 0px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="testSubject">
   **text to change**
   <p>text that should not change</p>
   <p>text that should not change</p>
   **also text to change**
   <p>text that should not change</p>
   <p>text that should not change</p>
   **last text to change**
</div>
<button id="replaceFirst">Replace First</button>
<button id="replaceAll">Replace All</button>

Javascript (ES) equivalent

//Add a new function to the HTMLElement object so it can be used on any HTMLElement
HTMLElement.prototype.textNodes = function() {
  return [...this.childNodes].filter((node) => {
    return (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE && node.nodeValue.trim() !== "");
  });
}

//Use the new HTMLElement function
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
  document.querySelector('#replaceAll').addEventListener('click', () => {
    document.querySelector('#testSubject').textNodes().forEach((node) => {
      node.textContent = 'Replaced';
    });
  });

  document.querySelector('#replaceFirst').addEventListener('click', function() {
    document.querySelector('#testSubject').textNodes()[0].textContent = 'Replaced First';
  });
});
p {
  margin: 0px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="testSubject">
  **text to change**
  <p>text that should not change</p>
  <p>text that should not change</p>
  **also text to change**
  <p>text that should not change</p>
  <p>text that should not change</p>
  **last text to change**
</div>
<button id="replaceFirst">Replace First</button>
<button id="replaceAll">Replace All</button>

Update 2017 (adrach):

It looks like several things changed since this was posted. Here is an updated version

$("div").contents().filter(function(){ return this.nodeType == 3; }).first().replaceWith("change text");

Original answer (Not working for current versions)

$("div").contents().filter(function(){ return this.nodeType == 3; })
.filter(':first').text("change text");

Source: http://api.jquery.com/contents/

Upvotes: 74

tkefauver
tkefauver

Reputation: 518

Here's a recursive way:

function changeInnerText(elm,text,newText) {
    if (elm == null) {
        return;
    }
    changeInnerTextHelper(elm.firstChild, text, newText);
}
function changeInnerTextHelper(elm, text, newText) {
    if (elm == null) {
        return;
    }
    if (elm.nodeType == 3 && elm.data == text) {
        elm.data = newText;
        return;
    }
    changeInnerTextHelper(elm.firstChild, text, newText);
    changeInnerTextHelper(elm.nextSibling, text, newText);
}

Upvotes: 0

seb96
seb96

Reputation: 1

Javascript approach. select the parent div and we can use the firstChild.textContent

let myDiv = document.getElementById("parentDiv");
myDiv.firstChild.textContent = "** New Text **"

Upvotes: 0

Silver Ringvee
Silver Ringvee

Reputation: 5535

2019 vesrsion - Short & Simple

document.querySelector('#your-div-id').childNodes[0].nodeValue = 'new text';

Explanation

document.querySelector('#your-div-id') is used for selecting the parent (the element which text you are about to change)

.childNodes[0] selects the text node

.nodeValue = 'new text' sets text node value to "new text"

This answer is possibly inspired by Dean Martin's comment. Can't say for sure since I've been using this solution for years now. Just thought I should post this probability here because some people care about it more than the fact that this is the best solution.

Upvotes: 0

user1254723
user1254723

Reputation: 191

Lots of great answers here but they only handle one text node with children. In my case I needed to operate on all text nodes and ignore html children BUT PRESERVE THE ORDERING.

So if we have a case like this:

<div id="parent"> Some text
    <div>Child1</div>
    <div>Child2</div>
    and some other text
    <div>Child3</div>
    <div>Child4</div>
    and here we are again
</div>

We can use the following code to modify the text only AND PRESERVE THE ORDERING

    $('#parent').contents().filter(function() {
        return this.nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE && this.nodeValue.trim() != '';
    }).each(function() {
    		//You can ignore the span class info I added for my particular application.
        $(this).replaceWith(this.nodeValue.replace(/(\w+)/g,"<span class='IIIclassIII$1' onclick='_mc(this)' onmouseover='_mr(this);' onmouseout='_mt(this);'>$1X</span>"));
	});
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.0.0.min.js"></script>
<div id="parent"> Some text
    <div>Child1</div>
    <div>Child2</div>
    and some other text
    <div>Child3</div>
    <div>Child4</div>
    and here we are again
</div>

Here is the jsfiddle of it working

Upvotes: 1

Howard
Howard

Reputation: 3758

This is an old question but you can make a simple function like this to make your life easier:

$.fn.toText = function(str) {
    var cache = this.children();
    this.text(str).append(cache);
}

Example:

<div id="my-div">
   **text to change**
   <p>
       text that should not change
   </p>
   <p>
       text that should not change
   </p>
</div>

Usage:

$("#my-div").toText("helloworld");

Upvotes: 0

geg
geg

Reputation: 4785

$.fn.textPreserveChildren = function(text) {
  return this.each(function() {
    return $(this).contents().filter(function() {
      return this.nodeType == 3;
    }).first().replaceWith(text);
  })
}

setTimeout(function() {
  $('.target').textPreserveChildren('Modified');
}, 2000);
.blue {
  background: #77f;
}
.green {
  background: #7f7;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js"></script>

<div class="target blue">Outer text
  <div>Nested element</div>
</div>

<div class="target green">Another outer text
  <div>Another nested element</div>
</div>

Upvotes: 2

ilkin
ilkin

Reputation: 2932

<div id="divtochange">
    **text to change**
    <div>text that should not change</div>
    <div>text that should not change</div>
</div>

$(document).ready(function() {
    $("#divtochange").contents().filter(function() {
            return this.nodeType == 3;
        })
        .replaceWith("changed text");
});

This changes only the first textnode

Upvotes: 12

user372551
user372551

Reputation:

See In action

Markup :

$(function() {
  $('input[type=button]').one('click', function() {
    var cache = $('#parent').children();
    $('#parent').text('Altered Text').append(cache);
  });
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="parent">Some text
  <div>Child1</div>
  <div>Child2</div>
  <div>Child3</div>
  <div>Child4</div>
</div>
<input type="button" value="alter text" />

Upvotes: 58

br4nnigan
br4nnigan

Reputation: 741

Problem with Mark's answer is that you get empty textnodes aswell. Solution as jQuery plugin:

$.fn.textnodes = function () {
    return this.contents().filter(function (i,n) {
        return n.nodeType == 3 && n.textContent.trim() !== "";
    });
};

$("div").textnodes()[0] = "changed text";

Upvotes: 1

MrBojangles
MrBojangles

Reputation: 1443

Just wrap the text you want to change in a span with a class to select.

Doesn't necessarily answer your question I know, but, probably a better coding practice. Keep things clean and simple 

<div id="header">
   <span class="my-text">**text to change**</span>
   <div>
       text that should not change
   </div>
   <div>
       text that should not change
   </div>
</div>

Voilà!

$('#header .mytext').text('New text here')

Upvotes: 13

Paul D. Waite
Paul D. Waite

Reputation: 98786

Mark’s got a better solution using jQuery, but you might be able to do this in regular JavaScript too.

In Javascript, the childNodes property gives you all the child nodes of an element, including text nodes.

So, if you knew the text you wanted to change was always going to be the first thing in the element, then given e.g. this HTML:

<div id="your_div">
   **text to change**
   <p>
       text that should not change
   </p>
   <p>
       text that should not change
   </p>
</div>

You could do this:

var your_div = document.getElementById('your_div');

var text_to_change = your_div.childNodes[0];

text_to_change.nodeValue = 'new text';

Of course, you can still use jQuery to select the <div> in the first place (i.e. var your_div = $('your_div').get(0);).

Upvotes: 104

Yasser Shaikh
Yasser Shaikh

Reputation: 47774

Here is yet another method : http://jsfiddle.net/qYUBp/7/

HTML

<div id="header">
   **text to change**
   <div>
       text that should not change
   </div>
   <div>
       text that should not change
   </div>
</div>

JQUERY

var tmp=$("#header>div").html();
$("#header").text("its thursday").append(tmp);

Upvotes: 1

macio.Jun
macio.Jun

Reputation: 9895

Simple answer:

$("div").contents().filter(function(){ 
  return this.nodeType == 3; 
})[0].nodeValue = "The text you want to replace with"

Upvotes: 1

Tim Down
Tim Down

Reputation: 324507

For the specific case you mentioned:

<div id="foo">
   **text to change**
   <someChild>
       text that should not change
   </someChild>
   <someChild>
       text that should not change
   </someChild>
</div>

... this is very easy:

var div = document.getElementById("foo");
div.firstChild.data = "New text";

You don't state how you want to generalize this. If, say, you want to change the text of the first text node within the <div>, you could do something like this:

var child = div.firstChild;
while (child) {
    if (child.nodeType == 3) {
        child.data = "New text";
        break;
    }
    child = child.nextSibling;
}

Upvotes: 5

pitx3
pitx3

Reputation: 124

I think you're looking for .prependTo().

http://api.jquery.com/prependTo/

We can also select an element on the page and insert it into another:

$('h2').prependTo($('.container'));

If an element selected this way is inserted elsewhere, it will be moved into the target (not cloned):

<div class="container">  
  <h2>Greetings</h2>
  <div class="inner">Hello</div>
  <div class="inner">Goodbye</div> 
</div>

If there is more than one target element, however, cloned copies of the inserted element will be created for each target after the first.

Upvotes: 0

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