CODEWITHSUNDEEP
assemblybinaryarmhexmachine-code
Ani
Ani

Reputation: 109

ARM - How to convert Assembly code into machine language

I'm learning assembly language and I'm trying to understand how to convert between assembly-language to machine-language. I'm trying to read up sources and such, even asking my professors, but none has been helpful.This is the following code that I'm working on:

MOV R10, #63488 
LSL R9, R6, #7 
STR R4, [R11, R8] 
ASR R6, R7, R3

I found an ARM to HEX converter website and this is the conversion: 

3EABA0E3
8693A0E1
08408BE7
5763A0E1

Can someone help explain to me how this works? Thank you so much!

Upvotes: 2

Views: 6884

Answers (2)

old_timer
old_timer

Reputation: 71506

Colin's answer is basically THE answer, just adding some more info. The tool you need is called an assembler, not an arm to hex converter. You can then use a disassembler to see it, for example with your program using gnu tools:

arm-none-eabi-as so.s -o so.o
arm-none-eabi-objdump -D so.o

produces

00000000 <.text>:
   0:   e3a0ab3e    mov r10, #63488 ; 0xf800
   4:   e1a09386    lsl r9, r6, #7
   8:   e78b4008    str r4, [r11, r8]
   c:   e1a06357    asr r6, r7, r3

And how the processor interprets the machine code is well documented in the ARM ARM, probably start with the ARMv5 one, which the older less complicated one. ARMv6, ARMv7 have a lot more operating system and protection features, mostly the same instruction set, although more thumb instructions, then ARMv8 is a hybrid with aarch32 the older ARMv4 to ARMv7 instruction set then a completely new aarch64 instruction set in the same core. So google arm architectural reference manual, some folks have illegally left them laying around or go to infocenter.arm.com to get the real ones.

Upvotes: 3

Colin
Colin

Reputation: 3524

What you need is the ARM ARM (architecture reference manual) which is available freely from Arm's website, though you may need to register. It contains the encoding for all available instructions.

Upvotes: 4

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