CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonfunctionpostfix-notation
Manny
Manny

Reputation: 23

How do I define a postfix function in Python?

I know that if you create your own object you can define your own methods on that object.

my_object_instance.mymethod()

I also know you can define infix functions with the infix package.

obj1 |func| obj2

What I want is the ability to define a function which accepts an existing type in postfix notation.

For example given a list l we may want to check if it is sorted. Defining a typical function might give us

if is_sorted(l): #dosomething

but it might be more idiomatic if one could write

if l.is_sorted(): #dosomething

Is this possible without creating a custom type?

Upvotes: 2

Views: 1132

Answers (2)

wim
wim

Reputation: 363183

The correct way is inheritance, creating a custom type by inheriting list and adding the new functionality. Monkeypatching is not a strength of Python. But since you specifically asked:

Is this possible without creating a custom type?

What kindall mentioned stands, Python does not allow it. But since nothing in the implementation is truly read-only, you can approximate the result by hacking in the class dict. 

>>> def is_sorted(my_list):
...     return sorted(my_list) == my_list
... 
>>> import gc
>>> gc.get_referents(list.__dict__)[0]['is_sorted'] = is_sorted
>>> [1,2,3].is_sorted()
True
>>> [1,3,2].is_sorted()
False

The new "method" will appear in vars(list), the name will be there in dir([]), and it will also be available/usable on instances which were created before the monkeypatch was applied.

This approach uses the garbage collector interface to obtain, via the class mappingproxy, a reference to the underlying dict. And garbage collection by reference counting is a CPython implementation detail. Suffice it to say, this is dangerous/fragile and you should not use it in any serious code.

If you like this kind of feature, you might enjoy ruby as a programming language.

Upvotes: 1

kindall
kindall

Reputation: 184290

Python does not generally allow monkey-patching of built-in types because the common built-in types aren't written in Python (but rather C) and do not allow the class dictionary to be modified. You have to subclass them to add methods as you want to.

Upvotes: 0

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