Unhashable type: 'dict' in Flask app

Question

I'm following a tutorial on how to design a REST API using Flask in Python. It's located here:

https://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/designing-a-restful-api-with-python-and-flask

Everything went smoothly up until the POST segment. I followed everything precisely, however I keep getting a TypeError "unhashable type: 'dict'" from "return jsonify{'task', task})". I've looked over the sample code and my own dozens of times and see no difference. Here's what I have:

@app.route('/todo/api/v1.0/tasks', methods=['POST'])
def create_task():
        if not request.json or not 'title' in request.json:
                abort(400)
        task = {
                'id': tasks[-1]['id'] + 1,
                'title': request.json['title'],
                'description': request.json.get('description', ""),
                'done': False
        }
        tasks.append(task)
        return jsonify({'task', task}), 201

Given that this tutorial is 4 years old, has something changed in that time that makes the example invalid for some reason. I'm running it in Python 2.7.3.

For further context, here is my full script:

from flask import Flask, jsonify, make_response, abort, request

app = Flask(__name__)

tasks = [
        {
                'id': 1,
                'title': u'Buy groceries',
                'description': u'Milk, Cheese, Pizza, Fruit, Tylenol',
                'done': False
        },
        {
                'id': 2,
                'title': u'Learn Python',
                'description': u'Need to find a good Python tutorial on the web',
                'done': False
        }
]

@app.errorhandler(404)
def not_found(error):
        return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Not found'}), 404)

@app.errorhandler(400)
def bad_request(error):
        return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Bad request'}), 400)

@app.route('/todo/api/v1.0/tasks', methods=['GET'])
def get_tasks():
        return jsonify({'tasks': tasks})

@app.route('/todo/api/v1.0/tasks/<int:task_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_task(task_id):
        task = [task for task in tasks if task['id'] == task_id]
        if len(task) == 0:
                abort(404)
        return jsonify({'task': task[0]})

@app.route('/todo/api/v1.0/tasks', methods=['POST'])
def create_task():
        if not request.json or not 'title' in request.json:
                abort(400)
        task = {
                'id': tasks[-1]['id'] + 1,
                'title': request.json['title'],
                'description': request.json.get('description', ""),
                'done': False
        }
        tasks.append(task)
        return jsonify({'task', task}), 201

if __name__ == '__main__':
        app.run(host='0.0.0.0', debug=True)

Thank you.

Answer 1

As Pawel Kordowski mentioned above, you want to return a dictionary not a set:

return jsonify({'task': task}), 201