Java JLabel background color not working?

Question

I'm learning how to create application in Java.

I'm having trouble getting the JLabel to have a background color whilst the JPanel is white, behind it. Also, is there a way to resize the JPanel to half of what the JFrame is?

Any help would be very much appreciated. Thank you.

---

   package PracticeOne;

    import java.awt.BorderLayout;

    public class PracticeOne {

        public static void main(String[] args) {


            Frame container = new Frame();
            Panel box = new Panel();
            Label txt = new Label();

            box.add(txt);

            container.add(box, BorderLayout.CENTER);


        }

    }

---

package PracticeOne;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class Frame extends JFrame {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    Frame(){        
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        this.setSize(500, 500);

        this.setVisible(true);

        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);

        this.setTitle("Testing this out");
    }

}

---

package PracticeOne;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class Panel extends JPanel {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;


    public Dimension d = new Dimension(100,100);

    Panel(){
        this.setSize(d);
        this.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);

    }



}

---

package PracticeOne;

import java.awt.Color;

import javax.swing.JLabel;

public class Label extends JLabel {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;



    Label(){
        this.setSize(50, 50);


        this.setText("ya boy is working here");
        this.setForeground(Color.BLACK);
        this.setBackground(Color.ORANGE);

    }
}

Answer 1

I'm having trouble getting the JLabel to have a background color whilst the JPanel is white

You need to call setOpaque(true); in your JLabel

Also, is there a way to resize the JPanel to half of what the JFrame is?

You could use a GridLayout, and place 2 JPanels in it, that way, you're going to have 2 JPanels using half the size of your JFrame each.

Also, rename your classes, Panel belongs to the name of a class in AWT, same for Frame and Label, this might confuse your (and whoever reads your code).

Never extend JFrame, instead build your GUI based on JPanels. See extends JFrame vs creating it inside of class and The use of multiple JFrames, Good / Bad practice? The general consensus says it's bad.

Also you should also check Should I avoid the use of setPreferred|Maximum|MinimumSize() in Swing? Again, yes, you should and instead override the getPreferredSize() method.

Don't forget to place your program on the Event Dispatch Thread (EDT) by changing your main() method as follows:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //Java 8 with lambda expressions
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> 
        //Your code here
    );
    //Java 7 and below (Or 8 without lambda expressions)
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
        //Your code here
    });
}

Now, with all the above recommendations, your code should now look like this:

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class HalfSizePanelWithLabelInDifferentColor {

    private JFrame frame;
    private Container contentPane;
    private JPanel pane;
    private JPanel pane2;
    private JLabel label;

    private static final Dimension dim = new Dimension(100, 100);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> new HalfSizePanelWithLabelInDifferentColor().createAndShowGui());
    }

    public void createAndShowGui() {
        frame = new JFrame(getClass().getSimpleName());

        contentPane = frame.getContentPane();
        pane = new JPanel() {
            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
                return dim;
            }
        };

        pane2 = new JPanel();

        pane.setOpaque(false);
        pane2.setOpaque(false);

        pane.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED));
        pane2.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.BLUE));

        label = new JLabel("Hello World!");
        label.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
        label.setOpaque(true);

        contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));

        pane.add(label);

        contentPane.add(pane);
        contentPane.add(pane2);

        contentPane.setBackground(Color.WHITE);

        frame.setContentPane(contentPane);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

And your output would be like this:

Note that I added some colored borders to show where a pane starts and ends and where the other one starts and ends