CODEWITHSUNDEEP
javascriptvalidation
t0mcat
t0mcat

Reputation: 5679

Best way to alphanumeric check in JavaScript

What is the best way to perform an alphanumeric check on an INPUT field in JSP? I have attached my current code

function validateCode() {
    var TCode = document.getElementById("TCode").value;

    for (var i = 0; i < TCode.length; i++) {
        var char1 = TCode.charAt(i);
        var cc = char1.charCodeAt(0);

        if ((cc > 47 && cc < 58) || (cc > 64 && cc < 91) || (cc > 96 && cc < 123)) {
        } else {
            alert("Input is not alphanumeric");
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
}

Upvotes: 194

Views: 460394

Answers (15)

anesboz
anesboz

Reputation: 472

Convert string to alphanumeric (Usefull in case of files names)

function stringToAlphanumeric(str = ``) {
  return str
    .split('')
    .map((e) => (/^[a-z0-9]+$/i.test(e) ? e : '_'))
    .join('')
}

const fileName = stringToAlphanumeric(`correct-('"é'è-///*$##~~*\\\"filename`)
console.log(fileName)
// expected  output "correct_filename"

Upvotes: 0

3limin4t0r
3limin4t0r

Reputation: 21120

To match all Unicode letters and numbers you can use a Unicode regex:

const alphanumeric = /^[\p{L}\p{N}]*$/u;

const valid   = "Jòhn꠵Çoe日本語3rd"; // <- these are all letters and numbers
const invalid = "JohnDoe3rd!";

console.log(valid.match(alphanumeric));
console.log(invalid.match(alphanumeric));

In the above regex the u flag enables Unicode mode. \p{L} is short for \p{Letter} and \p{N} is short for \p{Number}. The square brackets [] surrounding them is a normal character class, meaning that a character must be either a letter or a number (in this context). The * is "zero or more", you can change this into + (one or more) if you don't want to allow empty strings .^/$ matches the start/end of the string.

The above will suffice most cases, but might match more than you want. You might not want to match Latin, Arabic, Cyrillic, etc. You might only want to match Latin letters and decimal numbers.

const alphanumeric = /^[\p{sc=Latn}\p{Nd}]*$/u;

const valid   = "JòhnÇoe3rd";
const invalid = "Jòhn꠵Çoe日本語3rd";

console.log(valid.match(alphanumeric));
console.log(invalid.match(alphanumeric));

\p{sc=Latn} is short for \p{Script=Latin}. \p{Nd} is short for \p{Decimal_Number} and matches decimals. The difference with \d is that \p{Nd} does not only match 5, but also 𝟓, ５ and possibly more.

Checkout the regex Unicode documentation for details, available \p options are linked on the documentation page.

Note that the u flag is not supported by Internet Explorer.

Upvotes: 34

Ali
Ali

Reputation: 367

const isAlphaNumeric = (str) => {

  let n1 = false,
    n2 = false;
  const myBigBrainString =
    "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
  const myHackyNumbers = "0123456789";

  for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
    if (myBigBrainString.indexOf(str.charAt(i)) >= 0) {
      n1 = true;
    }
    if (myHackyNumbers.indexOf(str.charAt(i)) >= 0) {
      n2 = true;
    }

    if (n1 && n2) {
      return true;
    }
  }

  return n1 && n2;
};

Works till eternity..

Upvotes: 2

Vinci
Vinci

Reputation: 1286

(/[^0-9a-zA-Z]/.test( "abcdeFGh123456" ));

Upvotes: 2

Yogi
Yogi

Reputation: 1712

Removed NOT operation in alpha-numeric validation. Moved variables to block level scope. Some comments here and there. Derived from the best Micheal

function isAlphaNumeric ( str ) {

  /* Iterating character by character to get ASCII code for each character */
  for ( let i = 0, len = str.length, code = 0; i < len; ++i ) {

    /* Collecting charCode from i index value in a string */
    code = str.charCodeAt( i ); 

    /* Validating charCode falls into anyone category */
    if (
        ( code > 47 && code < 58) // numeric (0-9)
        || ( code > 64 && code < 91) // upper alpha (A-Z)
        || ( code > 96 && code < 123 ) // lower alpha (a-z)
    ) {
      continue;
    } 

    /* If nothing satisfies then returning false */
    return false
  }

  /* After validating all the characters and we returning success message*/
  return true;
};

console.log(isAlphaNumeric("oye"));
console.log(isAlphaNumeric("oye123"));
console.log(isAlphaNumeric("oye%123"));

Upvotes: 1

kabirbaidhya
kabirbaidhya

Reputation: 3490

If you want a simplest one-liner solution, then go for the accepted answer that uses regex.

However, if you want a faster solution then here's a function you can have.

console.log(isAlphaNumeric('a')); // true
console.log(isAlphaNumericString('HelloWorld96')); // true
console.log(isAlphaNumericString('Hello World!')); // false

/**
 * Function to check if a character is alpha-numeric.
 *
 * @param {string} c
 * @return {boolean}
 */
function isAlphaNumeric(c) {
  const CHAR_CODE_A = 65;
  const CHAR_CODE_Z = 90;
  const CHAR_CODE_AS = 97;
  const CHAR_CODE_ZS = 122;
  const CHAR_CODE_0 = 48;
  const CHAR_CODE_9 = 57;

  let code = c.charCodeAt(0);

  if (
    (code >= CHAR_CODE_A && code <= CHAR_CODE_Z) ||
    (code >= CHAR_CODE_AS && code <= CHAR_CODE_ZS) ||
    (code >= CHAR_CODE_0 && code <= CHAR_CODE_9)
  ) {
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

/**
 * Function to check if a string is fully alpha-numeric.
 *
 * @param {string} s
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
function isAlphaNumericString(s) {
  for (let i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
    if (!isAlphaNumeric(s[i])) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

Upvotes: 3

Oscar Zarrus
Oscar Zarrus

Reputation: 790

Here are some notes: The real alphanumeric string is like "0a0a0a0b0c0d" and not like "000000" or "qwertyuio".

All the answers I read here, returned true in both cases. This is not right.

If I want to check if my "00000" string is alphanumeric, my intuition is unquestionably FALSE.

Why? Simple. I cannot find any letter char. So, is a simple numeric string [0-9].

On the other hand, if I wanted to check my "abcdefg" string, my intuition is still FALSE. I don't see numbers, so it's not alphanumeric. Just alpha [a-zA-Z].

The Michael Martin-Smucker's answer has been illuminating.

However he was aimed at achieving better performance instead of regex. This is true, using a low level way there's a better perfomance. But results it's the same. The strings "0123456789" (only numeric), "qwertyuiop" (only alpha) and "0a1b2c3d4f4g" (alphanumeric) returns TRUE as alphanumeric. Same regex /^[a-z0-9]+$/i way. The reason why the regex does not work is as simple as obvious. The syntax [] indicates or, not and. So, if is it only numeric or if is it only letters, regex returns true.

But, the Michael Martin-Smucker's answer was nevertheless illuminating. For me. It allowed me to think at "low level", to create a real function that unambiguously processes an alphanumeric string. I called it like PHP relative function ctype_alnum (edit 2020-02-18: Where, however, this checks OR and not AND).

Here's the code:


function ctype_alnum(str) {
  var code, i, len;
  var isNumeric = false, isAlpha = false; // I assume that it is all non-alphanumeric

  for (i = 0, len = str.length; i < len; i++) {
    code = str.charCodeAt(i);

    switch (true) {
      case code > 47 && code < 58: // check if 0-9
        isNumeric = true;
        break;

      case (code > 64 && code < 91) || (code > 96 && code < 123): // check if A-Z or a-z
        isAlpha = true;
        break;

      default:
        // not 0-9, not A-Z or a-z
        return false; // stop function with false result, no more checks
    }
  }

  return isNumeric && isAlpha; // return the loop results, if both are true, the string is certainly alphanumeric
}

And here is a demo: 

function ctype_alnum(str) {
  var code, i, len;
    var isNumeric = false, isAlpha = false; //I assume that it is all non-alphanumeric

    
loop1:
  for (i = 0, len = str.length; i < len; i++) {
    code = str.charCodeAt(i);
        
        
        switch (true){
            case code > 47 && code < 58: // check if 0-9
                isNumeric = true;
                break;
            case (code > 64 && code < 91) || (code > 96 && code < 123): //check if A-Z or a-z
                isAlpha = true;
                break;
            default: // not 0-9, not A-Z or a-z
                return false; //stop function with false result, no more checks
                
        }

  }
    
  return isNumeric && isAlpha; //return the loop results, if both are true, the string is certainly alphanumeric
};

$("#input").on("keyup", function(){

if ($(this).val().length === 0) {$("#results").html(""); return false};
var isAlphaNumeric = ctype_alnum ($(this).val());
    $("#results").html(
        (isAlphaNumeric) ? 'Yes' : 'No'
        )
        
})
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<input id="input">

<div> is Alphanumeric? 
<span id="results"></span>
</div>

This is an implementation of Michael Martin-Smucker's method in JavaScript.

Upvotes: 8

Malganis
Malganis

Reputation: 338

In a tight loop, it's probably better to avoid regex and hardcode your characters:

const CHARS = new Set("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");
function isAlphanumeric(char) {
    return CHARS.has(char);
}

Upvotes: 8

Mark Baaijens
Mark Baaijens

Reputation: 515

To check whether input_string is alphanumeric, simply use:

input_string.match(/[^\w]|_/) == null

Upvotes: 4

Michael Martin-Smucker
Michael Martin-Smucker

Reputation: 12705

The asker's original inclination to use str.charCodeAt(i) appears to be faster than the regular expression alternative. In my test on jsPerf the RegExp option performs 66% slower in Chrome 36 (and slightly slower in Firefox 31).

Here's a cleaned-up version of the original validation code that receives a string and returns true or false:

function isAlphaNumeric(str) {
  var code, i, len;

  for (i = 0, len = str.length; i < len; i++) {
    code = str.charCodeAt(i);
    if (!(code > 47 && code < 58) && // numeric (0-9)
        !(code > 64 && code < 91) && // upper alpha (A-Z)
        !(code > 96 && code < 123)) { // lower alpha (a-z)
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
};

Of course, there may be other considerations, such as readability. A one-line regular expression is definitely prettier to look at. But if you're strictly concerned with speed, you may want to consider this alternative.

Upvotes: 168

Justin
Justin

Reputation: 1310

I would create a String prototype method:

String.prototype.isAlphaNumeric = function() {
  var regExp = /^[A-Za-z0-9]+$/;
  return (this.match(regExp));
};

Then, the usage would be:

var TCode = document.getElementById('TCode').value;
return TCode.isAlphaNumeric()

Upvotes: 9

Neerajan
Neerajan

Reputation: 239

    // On keypress event call the following method
    function AlphaNumCheck(e) {
        var charCode = (e.which) ? e.which : e.keyCode;
        if (charCode == 8) return true;

        var keynum;
        var keychar;
        var charcheck = /[a-zA-Z0-9]/;
        if (window.event) // IE
        {
            keynum = e.keyCode;
        }
        else {
            if (e.which) // Netscape/Firefox/Opera
            {
                keynum = e.which;
            }
            else return true;
        }

        keychar = String.fromCharCode(keynum);
        return charcheck.test(keychar);
    }

Further, this article also helps to understand JavaScript alphanumeric validation.

Upvotes: 7

Mischa Arefiev
Mischa Arefiev

Reputation: 5417

Check it with a regex.

Javascript regexen don't have POSIX character classes, so you have to write character ranges manually:

if (!input_string.match(/^[0-9a-z]+$/))
  show_error_or_something()

Here ^ means beginning of string and $ means end of string, and [0-9a-z]+ means one or more of character from 0 to 9 OR from a to z.

More information on Javascript regexen here: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions

Upvotes: 84

user113716
user113716

Reputation: 322492

You don't need to do it one at a time. Just do a test for any that are not alpha-numeric. If one is found, the validation fails.

function validateCode(){
    var TCode = document.getElementById('TCode').value;
    if( /[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test( TCode ) ) {
       alert('Input is not alphanumeric');
       return false;
    }
    return true;     
 }

If there's at least one match of a non alpha numeric, it will return false.

Upvotes: 40

Mahesh Velaga
Mahesh Velaga

Reputation: 21991

You can use this regex /^[a-z0-9]+$/i

Upvotes: 153

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