CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonmatplotlibplot
ForceBru
ForceBru

Reputation: 44838

How to change spacing between ticks

I want to plot a graph with a lot of ticks on the X axis using the following code:

import pylab

N = 100
data = pylab.np.linspace(0, N, N)

pylab.plot(data)

pylab.xticks(range(N)) # add loads of ticks
pylab.grid()
pylab.tight_layout()
pylab.show()

pylab.close()

The resulting plot looks like this:

plot

As you can see, the X axis is a mess because the tick labels are plotted with too few space between them or even overlap.

I would like to create constant space between each tick label automatically, no matter how many ticks there are. So, I'd like to increase the space between individual ticks, thus potentially increasing the 'length' of a plot.

Note that the tick labels may be strings of variable length.

What I have found so far is all about spacing between the axis and labels (which is not what I want), tick frequency (which I can already do) and tick parameters (which don't seem to have any options for spacing).

I can change the size of a figure manually with matplotlib.pyplot.figure(figsize=(a, b)), but that would require knowledge of the default spacing between ticks (there's none, as far as I can tell) and the greatest width (in inches) of a tick label, which I have no clue how to measure, so this is not an option, to my mind.

What can I do to increase spacing between ticks? I'm OK with getting a pretty lengthy image.

Upvotes: 36

Views: 122749

Answers (4)

Fred
Fred

Reputation: 1091

One other solution is to adjust your data to make the tick spacing work.

Note: if you have huge amounts of data this may become very difficult

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# **************************************************************************
# This plot shows inconsistent spacing between ticks
# **************************************************************************
f, test = plt.subplots()
xdata = [0,1,5,6,9,10]
ydata = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
test.step(xdata,ydata)
test.set_xticks([0,1,5,6,9,10],['Zero', 'one', 'five', 'six', 'nine', 'ten'])

plt.show()

# **************************************************************************
# Adjust data so tick marks have consistent spacing
# **************************************************************************
prettyxdata = xdata
for i in range(len(xdata)):
    if prettyxdata [i] == 5:
        prettyxdata [i]=2
    elif prettyxdata [i] == 6:
        prettyxdata [i]=3
    elif prettyxdata [i] == 9:
        prettyxdata [i]=4
    elif prettyxdata [i] == 10:
        prettyxdata [i]=5

f, test = plt.subplots()
test.step(prettyxdata,ydata)
test.set_xticks([0,1,2,3,4,5],['Zero', 'one', 'five', 'six', 'nine', 'ten'])

plt.show()

Upvotes: -1

Levi Lesches
Levi Lesches

Reputation: 1611

This is an old question, but for anyone searching, there is a way: ticker.MaxNLocator (and the other locators there). It can put a maximum of N ticks on a graph, no matter the zoom size.

Upvotes: 3

ImportanceOfBeingErnest
ImportanceOfBeingErnest

Reputation: 339230

The spacing between ticklabels is exclusively determined by the space between ticks on the axes. Therefore the only way to obtain more space between given ticklabels is to make the axes larger.

In order to determine the space needed for the labels not to overlap, one may find out the largest label and multiply its length by the number of ticklabels. One may then adapt the margin around the axes and set the calculated size as a new figure size.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

N = 150
data = np.linspace(0, N, N)

plt.plot(data)

plt.xticks(range(N)) # add loads of ticks
plt.grid()

plt.gca().margins(x=0)
plt.gcf().canvas.draw()
tl = plt.gca().get_xticklabels()
maxsize = max([t.get_window_extent().width for t in tl])
m = 0.2 # inch margin
s = maxsize/plt.gcf().dpi*N+2*m
margin = m/plt.gcf().get_size_inches()[0]

plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(left=margin, right=1.-margin)
plt.gcf().set_size_inches(s, plt.gcf().get_size_inches()[1])

plt.savefig(__file__+".png")
plt.show()

enter image description here

Note that if the figure shown in the plotting window is larger than the screen, it will be shrunk again, so the resized figure is only shown in its new size when saved. Or, one may choose to incorporate it in some window with scrollbars as shown in this question: Scrollbar on Matplotlib showing page

Upvotes: 34

seralouk
seralouk

Reputation: 33147

You could use the following to rotate the labels and make the font smaller: 

ax.set_xticklabels(rotation = (45), fontsize = 10, va='bottom', ha='left')

Upvotes: 4

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