CODEWITHSUNDEEP
bash
Elitmiar
Elitmiar

Reputation: 36829

How to loop through a directory recursively to delete files with certain extensions

I need to loop through a directory recursively and remove all files with extension .pdf and .doc. I'm managing to loop through a directory recursively but not managing to filter the files with the above mentioned file extensions.

My code so far

#/bin/sh

SEARCH_FOLDER="/tmp/*"

for f in $SEARCH_FOLDER
do
    if [ -d "$f" ]
    then
        for ff in $f/*
        do      
            echo "Processing $ff"
        done
    else
        echo "Processing file $f"
    fi
done

I need help to complete the code, since I'm not getting anywhere.

Upvotes: 231

Views: 373505

Answers (16)

Mostafa Wael
Mostafa Wael

Reputation: 3828

I think the most straightforward solution is to use recursion, in the following example, I have printed all the file names in the directory and its subdirectories.

You can modify it according to your needs.

#!/bin/bash    
printAll() {
    for i in "$1"/*;do # for all in the root 
        if [ -f "$i" ]; then # if a file exists
            echo "${i%/*}"  # Print filename only 
        elif [ -d "$i" ];then # if a directroy exists
            printAll "$i" # call printAll inside it (recursion)
        fi
    done 
}
printAll $1 # e.g.: ./printAll.sh .

OUTPUT:

> ./printAll.sh .
./demoDir/4
./demoDir/mo st/1
./demoDir/m2/1557/5
./demoDir/Me/nna/7
./TEST

It works fine with spaces as well!

Note: You can use echo $(basename "$i") # print the file name to print the file name without its path.

OR: Use echo ${i%/##*/}; # print the file name which runs extremely faster, without having to call the external basename.

Upvotes: 0

Eric
Eric

Reputation: 24870

Here is an example using shell (bash):

#!/bin/bash

# loop & print a folder recursively,
print_folder_recurse() {
    for i in "$1"/*;do
        if [ -d "$i" ];then
            echo "dir: $i"
            print_folder_recurse "$i"
        elif [ -f "$i" ]; then
            echo "file: $i"
        fi
    done
}


# try get path from param
path=""
if [ -d "$1" ]; then
    path=$1;
else
    path="/tmp"
fi

echo "base path: $path"
print_folder_recurse $path

Upvotes: 22

P Varga
P Varga

Reputation: 20229

Lots of answers here, but I was surprised that I couldn't find this very simple one:

rm -v **/*.pdf **/*.doc

Or add the -i option and rm will prompt you for each file.

Tested in fish, although it should work with most other shells, too.

Update: Also tested in zsh 5.9.

Upvotes: 0

TrevTheDev
TrevTheDev

Reputation: 2737

The other answers provided will not include files or directories that start with a . the following worked for me:

#/bin/sh
getAll()
{
  local fl1="$1"/*;
  local fl2="$1"/.[!.]*; 
  local fl3="$1"/..?*;
  for inpath in "$1"/* "$1"/.[!.]* "$1"/..?*; do
    if [ "$inpath" != "$fl1" -a "$inpath" != "$fl2" -a "$inpath" != "$fl3" ]; then 
      stat --printf="%F\0%n\0\n" -- "$inpath";
      if [ -d "$inpath" ]; then
        getAll "$inpath"
      #elif [ -f $inpath ]; then
      fi;
    fi;
  done;
}

Upvotes: 0

ecotechie
ecotechie

Reputation: 91

This is the simplest way I know to do this: rm **/@(*.doc|*.pdf)

** makes this work recursively

@(*.doc|*.pdf) looks for a file ending in pdf OR doc

Easy to safely test by replacing rm with ls

Upvotes: 2

Amin NAIRI
Amin NAIRI

Reputation: 2504

If you can change the shell used to run the command, you can use ZSH to do the job.

#!/usr/bin/zsh

for file in /tmp/**/*
do
    echo $file
done

This will recursively loop through all files/folders.

Upvotes: -2

Zak
Zak

Reputation: 12613

There is no reason to pipe the output of find into another utility. find has a -delete flag built into it.

find /tmp -name '*.pdf' -or -name '*.doc' -delete

Upvotes: 1

Oliver Charlesworth
Oliver Charlesworth

Reputation: 272467

This doesn't answer your question directly, but you can solve your problem with a one-liner:

find /tmp \( -name "*.pdf" -o -name "*.doc" \) -type f -exec rm {} +

Some versions of find (GNU, BSD) have a -delete action which you can use instead of calling rm:

find /tmp \( -name "*.pdf" -o -name "*.doc" \) -type f -delete

Upvotes: 19

user2350426
user2350426

Reputation:

For bash (since version 4.0):

shopt -s globstar nullglob dotglob
echo **/*".ext"

That's all.
The trailing extension ".ext" there to select files (or dirs) with that extension.

Option globstar activates the ** (search recursivelly).
Option nullglob removes an * when it matches no file/dir.
Option dotglob includes files that start wit a dot (hidden files).

Beware that before bash 4.3, **/ also traverses symbolic links to directories which is not desirable.

Upvotes: 12

Tomek
Tomek

Reputation: 1270

Without find:

for f in /tmp/* tmp/**/* ; do
  ...
done;

/tmp/* are files in dir and /tmp/**/* are files in subfolders. It is possible that you have to enable globstar option (shopt -s globstar). So for the question the code should look like this:

shopt -s globstar
for f in /tmp/*.pdf /tmp/*.doc tmp/**/*.pdf tmp/**/*.doc ; do
  rm "$f"
done

Note that this requires bash ≥4.0 (or zsh without shopt -s globstar, or ksh with set -o globstar instead of shopt -s globstar). Furthermore, in bash <4.3, this traverses symbolic links to directories as well as directories, which is usually not desirable.

Upvotes: 113

James Scriven
James Scriven

Reputation: 8134

As a followup to mouviciel's answer, you could also do this as a for loop, instead of using xargs. I often find xargs cumbersome, especially if I need to do something more complicated in each iteration.

for f in $(find /tmp -name '*.pdf' -or -name '*.doc'); do rm $f; done

As a number of people have commented, this will fail if there are spaces in filenames. You can work around this by temporarily setting the IFS (internal field seperator) to the newline character. This also fails if there are wildcard characters \[?* in the file names. You can work around that by temporarily disabling wildcard expansion (globbing).

IFS=$'\n'; set -f
for f in $(find /tmp -name '*.pdf' -or -name '*.doc'); do rm "$f"; done
unset IFS; set +f

If you have newlines in your filenames, then that won't work either. You're better off with an xargs based solution:

find /tmp \( -name '*.pdf' -or -name '*.doc' \) -print0 | xargs -0 rm

(The escaped brackets are required here to have the -print0 apply to both or clauses.)

GNU and *BSD find also has a -delete action, which would look like this:

find /tmp \( -name '*.pdf' -or -name '*.doc' \) -delete

Upvotes: 292

TJR
TJR

Reputation: 3773

This method handles spaces well.

files="$(find -L "$dir" -type f)"
echo "Count: $(echo -n "$files" | wc -l)"
echo "$files" | while read file; do
  echo "$file"
done

Edit, fixes off-by-one

function count() {
    files="$(find -L "$1" -type f)";
    if [[ "$files" == "" ]]; then
        echo "No files";
        return 0;
    fi
    file_count=$(echo "$files" | wc -l)
    echo "Count: $file_count"
    echo "$files" | while read file; do
        echo "$file"
    done
}

Upvotes: 9

K_3
K_3

Reputation: 83

The following function would recursively iterate through all the directories in the \home\ubuntu directory( whole directory structure under ubuntu ) and apply the necessary checks in else block.

function check {
        for file in $1/*      
        do
        if [ -d "$file" ]
        then
                check $file                          
        else
               ##check for the file
               if [ $(head -c 4 "$file") = "%PDF" ]; then
                         rm -r $file
               fi
        fi
        done     
}
domain=/home/ubuntu
check $domain

Upvotes: 1

falstro
falstro

Reputation: 35657

If you want to do something recursively, I suggest you use recursion (yes, you can do it using stacks and so on, but hey).

recursiverm() {
  for d in *; do
    if [ -d "$d" ]; then
      (cd -- "$d" && recursiverm)
    fi
    rm -f *.pdf
    rm -f *.doc
  done
}

(cd /tmp; recursiverm)

That said, find is probably a better choice as has already been suggested.

Upvotes: 38

Navi
Navi

Reputation: 8736

Just do

find . -name '*.pdf'|xargs rm

Upvotes: -2

mouviciel
mouviciel

Reputation: 67831

find is just made for that.

find /tmp -name '*.pdf' -or -name '*.doc' | xargs rm

Upvotes: 187

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