CODEWITHSUNDEEP
rplotpcabiplot
Daniel Valencia C.
Daniel Valencia C.

Reputation: 2279

How to make a pretty biplot in R without using external packages?

I'm a huge fan of the typical R plots. Today I have to make a biplot, but the typical biplot are ugly. There is a way to make it prettier, draw the ellipses, etc. without using others packages?

If is not possible, how can I draw it looking as the classical R plots?

DF <- iris
PCA <- prcomp(DF[,c(1:4)], scale. = T, center = T)
biplot(PCA)

The result:

enter image description here

A desired result (made in PAST3)

enter image description here

Upvotes: 2

Views: 5847

Answers (1)

G5W
G5W

Reputation: 37641

I notice that the points plotted in your PAST3 version do not seem to match up with those in the R biplot. It looks like the y-axis is flipped in the two versions.

The structure returned from prcomp has what you need to make one in the nicer style. The projected points are in PCA$x so you can get the desired plot from base R plotting with

plot(PCA$x[,1:2], pch=20, col=iris$Species)

biplot

For adding ellipses, I always use dataEllipse from the car package, but that goes outside your request to not use other packages.

UPDATE

As requested in the comment, I am adding how to add ellipses using the car package. 

library(car)
plot(PCA$x[,1:2], pch=20, col=iris$Species)
dataEllipse(PCA$x[,1], PCA$x[,2], iris$Species, lwd=1,
    group.labels = NULL, plot.points=FALSE, add=TRUE,
    fill=TRUE, fill.alpha=0.02)

Biplot with ellipses

I picked something that I thought looked nice, but dataEllipse allows you to make many kinds of adjustments. Just look at the help page so that you can tune it to your taste.

Upvotes: 4

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