OpenGL / GLUT - lots of undefined references

Question

I've started with OpenGL with GLUT in C++ (MinGW). I've tried lots of GLUT files but currently, I'm using these files. I've followed all the instructions it said but I'm still getting these error (see output).

#include<windows.h>
#include<GL/glut.h>
#include<dos.h> // i know I shouldn't be using this

void render(void);
void keyboard(unsigned char c, int x, int y);
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y);

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
    glutInitWindowPosition(10, 10);
    glutInitWindowSize(800, 600);
    glutCreateWindow("Parmu Game Engine (Yes I didn't think of a better name.)");

//    glutClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);

    glutDisplayFunc(render);
    glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
    glutMouseFunc(mouse);

    glutMainLoop();
}

void render(void)
{
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); // ORIGIN AT  CENTRE
        glColor3f(1, 0, 0);
        glVertex2f(0.3, 0.1);
        glColor3f(0, 1, 0);
        glVertex2f(0.8, 0.1);
        glColor3f(0, 0, 1);
        glVertex2f(0.5, 0.5);
    glEnd();

  //  glFlush();
    glutSwapBuffers();
}

void keyboard(unsigned char c, int x, int y)
{
    if(c == 'q')
        exit(0);
}
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)
{
    if(button == GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON)
        exit(0);
}

This the output when run from cmd:

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ main.cpp
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x1c): undefined reference to `__glutInitWithExit@12'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x3d): undefined reference to `__glutCreateWindowWithExit@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x5d): undefined reference to `__glutCreateMenuWithExit@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xaf): undefined reference to `glutInitDisplayMode@4'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xc6): undefined reference to `glutInitWindowPosition@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xdd): undefined reference to `glutInitWindowSize@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xfb): undefined reference to `glutDisplayFunc@4'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x10a): undefined reference to `glutKeyboardFunc@4'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x119): undefined reference to `glutMouseFunc@4'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x121): undefined reference to `glutMainLoop@0'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x13a): undefined reference to `glClear@4'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x149): undefined reference to `glBegin@4'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x16b): undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x184): undefined reference to `glVertex2f@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x1a6): undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x1bf): undefined reference to `glVertex2f@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x1e1): undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x1fa): undefined reference to `glVertex2f@8'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x202): undefined reference to `glEnd@0'
C:\Users\Public\Documents\Wondershare\CreatorTemp/ccMBcaaa.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x207): undefined reference to `glutSwapBuffers@0'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

It should be noted that I've not used any IDE for my code. I used atom to code and cmd to run.

I have already included E:/mingw/bin in PATH.

These are the commands I've tried:

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ main.cpp

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ main.cpp -lglut

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ main.cpp -lglut -lGLU
E:\MinGW\bin\..\lib\gcc\mingw32\3.4.5\..\..\..\..\mingw32\bin\ld.exe: cannot find -lGLU
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ main.cpp -lglut -lGLU - lGL
g++: lGL: No such file or directory
g++: -E or -x required when input is from standard input

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ main.cpp -m32

E:\Workspace_CPP\Atom\Parmu_Game_Engine>g++ -c main.cpp -lglut32win
g++: -lglut32win: linker input file unused because linking not done

Answer 1

As documented here, the correct libraries to link with are

• opengl32.lib - import library for Windows OpenGL APIs (use -lopengl32).

• glu32.lib - import library for the Windows implementation of GLU (use -lglu32).

• The GLUT library does not come with Windows, so it depends on where you obtained GLUT for Windows from. In the version in the link, you need to link with glut32.lib, and make sure to include glut32.dll with your application.