CODEWITHSUNDEEP
c++templates
Jiadong
Jiadong

Reputation: 2072

How to use condition to check if typename T is integer type of float type in C++

I am going to write a template to generate a vector of random data. The problem is std::uniform_int_distribution only accepts integer type, and std::uniform_real_distribution for float type. I want to combine both. Here is my code.

#include <vector>
#include <random>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <functional>

template<typename T>
std::vector<T> generate_vector(size_t N, T lower = T(0), T higher = T(99)) {
    // Specify the engine and distribution. 
    if constexpr (std::is_integral<T>) {
    std::uniform_int_distribution<T> distribution(lower, higher);
    }
    else if constexpr (std::is_floating_point<T>) {
    std::uniform_real_distribution<T> distribution(lower, higher);
    }
    std::mt19937 engine; // Mersenne twister MT19937
    auto generator = std::bind(distribution, engine);
    std::vector<T> vec(N);
    std::generate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), generator);
    return vec;

I am confusing how to implement statements within if conditions. Integer type should include:short, int, long, long long, unsigned short, unsigned int, unsigned long, or unsigned long long. Float type includes float, double, or long double.

Any help suggestion?

Upvotes: 14

Views: 14436

Answers (3)

darkdragon
darkdragon

Reputation: 460

In addition to Brandon's answer, scoping is another problem.

The following code should suit your needs:

#include <algorithm>
#include <limits>
#include <random>
#include <type_traits>
#include <valarray>

template <class D>
std::valarray<typename D::result_type> generate_valarray(size_t N, D distribution) {
    std::random_device device{};
    std::mt19937 engine{device()}; // Mersenne twister MT19937
    auto generator = std::bind(distribution, engine);
    std::valarray<typename D::result_type> container(N);
    std::generate(std::begin(container), std::end(container), generator);
    return container;
}

template <class T>
std::valarray<T> generate_valarray_uniform(size_t N, const T& lower = std::numeric_limits<T>::min(), const T& higher = std::numeric_limits<T>::max()) {
    if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T>) {
        return generate_valarray( N, std::uniform_int_distribution<T>(lower, higher) );
    }
    else if constexpr (std::is_floating_point_v<T>) {
        return generate_valarray( N, std::uniform_real_distribution<T>(lower, higher) );
    }
}

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    auto f = generate_valarray_uniform(1, 0., 10.)[0];
    std::cout << f << std::endl;
}

Upvotes: 0

R Sahu
R Sahu

Reputation: 206667

In a pre-C++17 compiler, you can use template specialization to implement the if-else logic.

// Declare a class template
template <bool is_integral, typename T> struct uniform_distribution_selector;

// Specialize for true
template <typename T> struct uniform_distribution_selector<true, T>
{
   using type = typename std::uniform_int_distribution<T>;
};

// Specialize for false
template <typename T> struct uniform_distribution_selector<false, T>
{
   using type = typename std::uniform_real_distribution<T>;
};


template<typename T>
std::vector<T> generate_vector(size_t N, T lower = T(0), T higher = T(99))
{
   // Select the appropriate distribution type.
   using uniform_distribution_type = typename uniform_distribution_selector<std::is_integral<T>::value, T>::type;

   uniform_distribution_type distribution(lower, higher);
   std::mt19937 engine;
   auto generator = std::bind(distribution, engine);
   std::vector<T> vec(N);
   std::generate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), generator);
   return vec;
}

Upvotes: 12

Brandon H. Gomes
Brandon H. Gomes

Reputation: 908

As Justin points out in his comment it is simple enough to use an if constexpr block in the following way:

#include <type_traits>

if constexpr (std::is_integral_v<T>) {  // constexpr only necessary on first statement
    ...
} else if (std::is_floating_point_v<T>) {  // automatically constexpr
    ...
}

This is only available C++17. See the C++ references for more information on compile-time type information:

if constexpr (since C++17)

<type_traits> (since C++11)

constexpr specifier (since C++11)

Constant Expressions in general.

Upvotes: 14

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