CODEWITHSUNDEEP
kotlinclone
Dims
Dims

Reputation: 51059

How to clone object in Kotlin?

The Kotlin documentation describes cloning only in accessing Java and in enum class. In latter case clone is just throwing an exception.

So, how would I / should I clone arbitrary Kotlin object?

Should I just use clone() as in Java?

Upvotes: 120

Views: 157553

Answers (10)

Nitesh Sharma
Nitesh Sharma

Reputation: 11

Collection copying functions, such as toList(), toMutableList(), toSet() and others, create a snapshot of a collection at a specific moment. Their result is a new collection of the same elements. If you add or remove elements from the original collection, this won't affect the copies. Copies may be changed independently of the source as well.

val alice = Person("Alice")
val sourceList = mutableListOf(alice, Person("Bob"))
val copyList = sourceList.toList()
sourceList.add(Person("Charles"))
alice.name = "Alicia"
println("First item's name is: ${sourceList[0].name} in source and ${copyList[0].name} in copy")
println("List size is: ${sourceList.size} in source and ${copyList.size} in copy")
First item's name is: Alicia in source and Alicia in copy
List size is: 3 in source and 2 in copy

Kotlin Official Document

Sample Screenshot

Upvotes: 1

Gibolt
Gibolt

Reputation: 47137

A Kotlin data class is easy to clone using .copy()

All values will be shallow copied, be sure to handle any list/array contents carefully.

A useful feature of .copy() is the ability to change any of the values at copy time. With this class:

data class MyData(
    val count: Int,
    val peanuts: Int?,
    val name: String
)
val data = MyData(1, null, "Monkey")

You could set values for any of the properties

val copy = data.copy(peanuts = 100, name = "Elephant")

The result in copy would have values (1, 100, "Elephant")

Upvotes: 40

dphans
dphans

Reputation: 1683

I've voted for @yole for nice answer, but other ways if you don't (or can't) use data class. You can write helper method like this:

object ModelHelper {

    inline fun <reified T : Serializable> mergeFields(from: T, to: T) {
        from::class.java.declaredFields.forEach { field ->
            val isLocked = field.isAccessible
            field.isAccessible = true
            field.set(to, field.get(from))
            field.isAccessible = isLocked
        }
    }

}

So you can "copy" instance A into B by:

val bInstance = AClassType()
ModelHelper.mergeFields(aInstance, bInstance)

Sometimes, I use this way to merge data from many instances into one object which value available (not null).

Upvotes: 2

zulkarnain shah
zulkarnain shah

Reputation: 1059

You can use Gson library to convert the original object to a String and then convert back that String to an actual Object type, and you'll have a clone. Although this is not the intended usage of the Gson library which is actually used to convert between JSON and other object types, but I have devised this method to solve the cloning problem in many of my Kotlin based Android applications. See my example. Put this function in the class/model of which you want to create a clone. In my example I'm cloning an Animal type object so I'll put it in the Animal class

class Animal{
 fun clone(): Animal 
 {
   val stringAnimal = Gson().toJson(this, Animal::class.java)
   return Gson().fromJson<Animal>(stringAnimal, Animal::class.java)
 }
}

Then use it like this:

val originalAnimal = Animal()
val clonedAnimal = originalAnimal.clone()

Upvotes: 42

Sergey Stasishin
Sergey Stasishin

Reputation: 309

It's also possible to clone an object using kotlinx.serialization

import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonConfiguration

@Serializable
class A
{
    val name: String = "Cloneable class A"

    fun clone(): A {
        val json = Json(JsonConfiguration.Stable)
        val jsonStr = json.stringify(serializer(), this)
        return json.parse(serializer(), jsonStr)
    }
}

Upvotes: 1

Ethan Hsu
Ethan Hsu

Reputation: 11

Here is a consistent solution that works for any object type:

Kotlin's Array data structure provides a clone() method that can be used to clone the contents of the array:

val a = arrayOf(1)
//Prints one object reference
println(a)     
//Prints a different object reference
println(a.clone())

As of Kotlin 1.3, the clone method has been supported on all major targets, so it should be usable across platforms.

Upvotes: 1

Kirill Groshkov
Kirill Groshkov

Reputation: 1771

fun <T : Any> clone (obj: T): T {
  if (!obj::class.isData) {
    println(obj)
    throw Error("clone is only supported for data classes")
  }

  val copy = obj::class.memberFunctions.first { it.name == "copy" }
  val instanceParam = copy.instanceParameter!!
  return copy.callBy(mapOf(
    instanceParam to obj
  )) as T
}

Upvotes: 4

Horatio
Horatio

Reputation: 1861

If the class you are trying to clone does not implement Cloneable or is not a data class and is a part of an outside library, you can create an extension method that returns a new instance. For example:

class Person {
  var id: String? = null
  var name: String? = null
} 
fun Person.clone(): Person {
  val person = Person()
  person.id = id
  person.name = name
  return person 
}

Upvotes: 10

giang nguyen
giang nguyen

Reputation: 423

It requires to implement Cloneable for your class then override clone() as a public like: 

public override fun clone(): Any {<your_clone_code>}

https://discuss.kotlinlang.org/t/how-to-use-cloneable/2364/3

Upvotes: 7

yole
yole

Reputation: 97178

For a data class, you can use the compiler-generated copy() method. Note that it will perform a shallow copy.

To create a copy of a collection, use the toList() or toSet() methods, depending on the collection type you need. These methods always create a new copy of a collection; they also perform a shallow copy.

For other classes, there is no Kotlin-specific cloning solution. You can use .clone() if it suits your requirements, or build a different solution if it doesn't.

Upvotes: 123

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