CODEWITHSUNDEEP
phpencodingcharacter-encodingnumericalphanumeric
dynamic
dynamic

Reputation: 48131

converting a number base 10 to base 62 (a-zA-Z0-9)

I have a number in base 10. Is there anyway to translate it to a base 62?

Example:

echo convert(12324324);
// returns Yg3 (fantasy example here)

PHP's base_convert() can convert up to base 36.

Upvotes: 34

Views: 46394

Answers (10)

Vladislav Ross
Vladislav Ross

Reputation: 581

If you have gmp extension:

gmp_strval(gmp_init($x, 10), 62)

Upvotes: 2

jrn.ak
jrn.ak

Reputation: 36619

https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.base-convert.php#52450

<?php
// Decimal > Custom
function dec2any( $num, $base=62, $index=false ) {
    if (! $base ) {
        $base = strlen( $index );
    } else if (! $index ) {
        $index = substr( "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ,0 ,$base );
    }
    $out = "";


    // this fix partially breaks when $num=0, but fixes the $num=238328 bug
    // also seems to break (adds a leading zero) at $num=226981 through $num=238327 *shrug*
    // for ( $t = floor( log10( $num ) / log10( $base - 1 ) ); $t >= 0; $t-- ) {

    // original code:
    for ( $t = floor( log10( $num ) / log10( $base ) ); $t >= 0; $t-- ) {
        $a = floor( $num / pow( $base, $t ) );
        $out = $out . substr( $index, $a, 1 );
        $num = $num - ( $a * pow( $base, $t ) );
    }
    return $out;
}
?>

Parameters:

$num - your decimal integer

$base - base to which you wish to convert $num (leave it 0 if you are providing $index or omit if you're using the default (62))

$index - if you wish to use the default list of digits (0-1a-zA-Z), omit this option, otherwise provide a string (ex.: "zyxwvu")

<?php
// Custom > Decimal
function any2dec( $num, $base=62, $index=false ) {
    if (! $base ) {
        $base = strlen( $index );
    } else if (! $index ) {
        $index = substr( "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", 0, $base );
    }
    $out = 0;
    $len = strlen( $num ) - 1;
    for ( $t = 0; $t <= $len; $t++ ) {
        $out = $out + strpos( $index, substr( $num, $t, 1 ) ) * pow( $base, $len - $t );
    }
    return $out;
}
?>

Parameters:

$num - your custom-based number (string) (ex.: "11011101")

$base - base with which $num was encoded (leave it 0 if you are providing $index or omit if you're using default (62))

$index - if you wish to use the default list of digits (0-1a-zA-Z), omit this option, otherwise provide a string (ex.: "abcdef")

Upvotes: 8

Eineki
Eineki

Reputation: 14909

OLD: A quick and dirty solution can be to use a function like this:

function toChars($number) {
   $res = base_convert($number, 10,26);
   $res = strtr($res,'0123456789','qrstuvxwyz');
   return $res;
}

The base convert translate your number to a base where the digits are 0-9a-p then you get rid of the remaining digits with a quick char substitution.

As you may observe, the function is easily reversible.

function toNum($number) {
   $res = strtr($number,'qrstuvxwyz','0123456789');
   $res = base_convert($number, 26,10);
   return $res;
}

By the way, what would you use this function for?

Edit:

Based on the question change and on the @jnpcl answer, here is a set of functions that performs the base conversion without using pow and log (they take half the time to complete the tests).

The functions work for integer values only.

function toBase($num, $b=62) {
  $base='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
  $r = $num  % $b ;
  $res = $base[$r];
  $q = floor($num/$b);
  while ($q) {
    $r = $q % $b;
    $q =floor($q/$b);
    $res = $base[$r].$res;
  }
  return $res;
}

function to10( $num, $b=62) {
  $base='0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
  $limit = strlen($num);
  $res=strpos($base,$num[0]);
  for($i=1;$i<$limit;$i++) {
    $res = $b * $res + strpos($base,$num[$i]);
  }
  return $res;
}

The test: 

for ($i = 0; $i<1000000; $i++) {
  $x =  toBase($i);
  $y =  to10($x);
  if ($i-$y)
    echo "\n$i -> $x -> $y";
}

Upvotes: 47

Tigran Babajanyan
Tigran Babajanyan

Reputation: 2025

It was hardly tested and works on real big product. Just copy this functions and use. If needed, you can arrange $baseChars sequentially, I need it for blended.

    /**
     * decToAny converter
     * 
     * @param integer $num
     * @param string $baseChars
     * @param integer $base
     * @return string
     */
    function decToAny($num, $baseChars = '', $base = 62, $index = false) {

        $baseChars = empty($baseChars) ? 'HbUlYmGoAd0ScKq6Er5PuZp3OsQCh4RfNMtV8kJiLv9yXeI1aWgFj2zTx7DnBw' : $baseChars;
        if (!$base) {
            $base = strlen($index);
        } else if (!$index) {
            $index = substr($baseChars, 0, $base);
        }
        $out = "";

        for ($t = floor(log10($num) / log10($base)); $t >= 0; $t--) {
            $a = floor($num / pow($base, $t));
            $out = $out . substr($index, $a, 1);
            $num = $num - ( $a * pow($base, $t) );
        }

        return $out;
    }

Reverse method

    /**
     * anyTodec converter
     * 
     * @param string $num
     * @param string $baseChars
     * @param integer $base
     * @return string
     */
    function anyToDec($num, $baseChars = '', $base = 62, $index = false) {

        $baseChars = empty($baseChars) ? 'HbUlYmGoAd0ScKq6Er5PuZp3OsQCh4RfNMtV8kJiLv9yXeI1aWgFj2zTx7DnBw' : $baseChars;
        if (!$base) {
            $base = strlen($index);
        } else if (!$index) {
            $index = substr($baseChars, 0, $base);
        }
        $out = 0;
        $len = strlen($num) - 1;
        for ($t = 0; $t <= $len; $t++) {
            $out = $out + strpos($index, substr($num, $t, 1)) * pow($base, $len - $t);
        }
        return $out;
    }

Upvotes: 1

Php&#39;Regex
Php&#39;Regex

Reputation: 213

This function output the same than GNU Multiple Precision if possible…

<?php

function base_convert_alt($val,$from_base,$to_base){
static $gmp;
static $bc;
static $gmp62;
if ($from_base<37) $val=strtoupper($val);
if ($gmp===null) $gmp=function_exists('gmp_init');
if ($gmp62===null) $gmp62=version_compare(PHP_VERSION,'5.3.2')>=0;
if ($gmp && ($gmp62 or ($from_base<37 && $to_base<37)))
return gmp_strval(gmp_init($val,$from_base),$to_base);
if ($bc===null) $bc=function_exists('bcscale');
$range='0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
if ($from_base==10)
$base_10=$val;
else
{
$n=strlen(($val="$val"))-++$ratio;
if ($bc) for($i=$n;$i>-1;($ratio=bcmul($ratio,$from_base)) && $i--)
$base_10=bcadd($base_10,bcmul(strpos($range,$val[$i]),$ratio));
else for($i=$n;$i>-1;($ratio*=$from_base) && $i--)
$base_10+=strpos($range,$val[$i])*$ratio;
}
if ($bc)
do $result.=$range[bcmod($base_10,$to_base)];
while(($base_10=bcdiv($base_10,$to_base))>=1);
else
do $result.=$range[$base_10%$to_base];
while(($base_10/=$to_base)>=1);
return strrev($to_base<37?strtolower($result):$result);
}


echo base_convert_alt('2661500360',7,51);

// Output Hello

Upvotes: 3

sfg2k
sfg2k

Reputation: 149

function convertBase10ToBase62($num){
$charset="0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
$rtn="";

$n=$num;$base=62;
while($n>0){
    $temp=$n%$base;
    $rtn=$charset[$temp].$rtn;
    $n=intval($n/$base);
}
 return $rtn;
}

Upvotes: 0

instanceof me
instanceof me

Reputation: 39178

A simpler (and possibly faster) implementation that does not use pow nor log:

function base62($num) {
  $index = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
  $res = '';
  do {
    $res = $index[$num % 62] . $res;
    $num = intval($num / 62);
  } while ($num);
  return $res;
}

Upvotes: 11

Doug
Doug

Reputation: 21

function convertBase10ToBase62($num){
    $charset="0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    $endChar=$charset[$num%62];
    $rtn="";

    if ( $num == "62" ) { 
        $rtn=$rtn.$charset[1]; 
    } else if ( $num >= 62 ) { 
        $rtn=$rtn.$charset[intval($num/62)%62+1]; 
    }

    $num=intval($num/62);

    while ($num > 61) {
        if ( is_int($num/62) == true ) { 
            $rtn=$rtn.$charset[0]; 
        } else { 
            $rtn=$rtn.$charset[$num%62]; 
        }

        $num=intval($num/62);
    }
    $rtn=$rtn.$endChar;
    echo "\n";
    echo $rtn;

    return $rtn;
}

Upvotes: 2

ukautz
ukautz

Reputation: 2213

For big numbers, you might want to use the PHP BC library

function intToAny( $num, $base = null, $index = null ) {
    if ( $num <= 0 ) return '0';
    if ( ! $index )
        $index = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
    if ( ! $base )
        $base = strlen( $index );
    else
        $index = substr( $index, 0, $base );
    $res = '';
    while( $num > 0 ) {
        $char = bcmod( $num, $base );
        $res .= substr( $index, $char, 1 );
        $num = bcsub( $num, $char );
        $num = bcdiv( $num, $base );
    }
    return $res;
}

Upvotes: 3

Patrick
Patrick

Reputation: 3172

have an array of characters like:

$chars = array(
    1 => 'a',
    2 => 'b',
    //....
    27 => 'A',
    28 => 'B'
);

function getCharacter($key)
{
    if(array_key_exists($key, $chars[$key]))
        return $chars[$key];
    return false;
}

function getNumber($char)
{
    return array_search($char, $chars);
}

Upvotes: 1

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