CODEWITHSUNDEEP
pythonpython-3.xdictionarykeytraversal
user1717828
user1717828

Reputation: 7223

How to navigate a dict by list of keys?

Starting with a nested dictionary like this:

my_dict = {"North America" : { "USA" : { "Virginia" : ["Norfolk","Richmond","Charlottesville"], "New York": ["Albany"]}, "Canada" : {"Saskatchewan": ["Saskatoon"], "New Brunswick":["Moncton","Saint John"]}}}

print(my_dict)
North America
    USA
        Virginia
            ['Norfolk', 'Richmond', 'Charlottesville']
        New York
            ['Albany']
    Canada
        Saskatchewan
            ['Saskatoon']
        New Brunswick
            ['Moncton', 'Saint John']

How can I take a list of strings like [key1, key2] and programmatically return the nested object my_dict[key1][key2] when I don't know how many keys there will be? Examples:

keys = ['North America', 'USA']
print(my_dict.???)
    Virginia
        ['Norfolk', 'Richmond', 'Charlottesville']
    New York
        ['Albany']

keys = ['North America', 'Canada', 'Saskatchewan']
print(my_dict.???)
    ['Saskatoon']

keys = ['North America', 'Canada']
print(my_dict.???)
    Saskatchewan
        ['Saskatoon']
    New Brunswick
        ['Moncton', 'Saint John']

Assume the "path" to the keys exists, but don't assume anything about depth in the structure.

Upvotes: 1

Views: 1313

Answers (2)

timgeb
timgeb

Reputation: 78770

You can throw functools.reduce onto it.

>>> from functools import reduce
>>>
>>> my_dict = {"North America" : { "USA" : { "Virginia" : ["Norfolk","Richmond","Charlottesville"], "New York": ["Albany"]}, "Canada" : {"Saskatchewan": ["Saskatoon"], "New Brunswick":["Moncton","Saint John"]}}}
>>> keys = ['North America', 'Canada']
>>> reduce(dict.get, keys, my_dict)
>>> {'New Brunswick': ['Moncton', 'Saint John'], 'Saskatchewan': ['Saskatoon']}

... or write your own function.

def nest_get(dic, keys):
    result = dic
    for k in keys:
        result = result[k]
    return result

Demo:

>>> nest_get(my_dict, keys)
>>> {'New Brunswick': ['Moncton', 'Saint John'], 'Saskatchewan': ['Saskatoon']}

Upvotes: 3

Dani Mesejo
Dani Mesejo

Reputation: 61920

Use reduce:

from functools import reduce

my_dict = {"North America": {"USA": {"Virginia": ["Norfolk", "Richmond", "Charlottesville"], "New York": ["Albany"]},
                             "Canada": {"Saskatchewan": ["Saskatoon"], "New Brunswick": ["Moncton", "Saint John"]}}}

keys = ["North America", "USA", "Virginia"]

result = reduce(lambda x, y : x.get(y), [my_dict] + keys)
print(result)

Output

['Norfolk', 'Richmond', 'Charlottesville']

Upvotes: 1

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