Populating Struct Array With Pointer From Function

Question

I have setup a struct array and passed it to a function. I am trying to fill that struct array with input. I initially setup the inputs as:

w->rainFall

but was unable to figure out how it would populate the other subscripts.

I changed it to:

w[counter].rainFall

thinking this would cycle correctly through all of the arrays, but the output data is not giving expected results.

Can someone help me figure out out to populate this struct correctly from within a function?

Full Code Here

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct Weather
{
    int rainFall;
    int highTemp;
    int lowTemp;
    double averageTemp;
};

enum Months
{
    January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December
};

void showData(struct Weather* w, int);
void getData(struct Weather* w, int);
void displayMonthName(Months);

int main()
{
    const int SIZE = December+1;

    struct Weather w[SIZE];
    Months thisMonth;

    cout << "Enter The Following Information: " << endl;

    for (thisMonth = January; thisMonth <= December; thisMonth = static_cast<Months>(thisMonth +1))
    {
        int counter = 0;
        displayMonthName(thisMonth);
        cout << " | Month "<< thisMonth+1 << " " << endl;

        getData(w, counter);
        counter++;

    }

    showData(w, SIZE);

}

void showData(struct Weather* w, int SIZE)
{
    for (int i = 0; i <= SIZE; i++)
    {
        cout << w[i].rainFall << endl;
        cout << w[i].highTemp << endl;
        cout << w[i].lowTemp << endl << endl;
    }
}

void getData(struct Weather* w, int counter)
{

    cout << "          Total Rainfall: ";
    cin >> w[counter].rainFall;
    cin.clear();
    cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

    while (!cin || w->rainFall < 0)
    {
        cout << "Rainfall cannot be less than 0 inches" << endl;
        cout << "          Total Rainfall: ";
        cin >> w[counter].rainFall;
        cin.clear();
        cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
    }

    cout << "          High Temperature: ";
    cin >> w[counter].highTemp;
    cin.clear();
    cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

    while (!cin || w->highTemp <-100 || w->highTemp >140)
    {
        cout << "High Temperature must be between -100 & +140" << endl;
        cout << "          High Temperature: ";
        cin >> w[counter].highTemp;
        cin.clear();
        cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
    }

    cout << "          Low Temperature :";
    cin >> w[counter].lowTemp;
    cin.clear();
    cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

    while (!cin || w->lowTemp > w->highTemp || w->lowTemp < -100 || w->lowTemp >140)
    {
        cout << "Low Temperature  must be between -100 & +140 while also being lower than the High Temperature" << endl;
        cout << endl << "          Low Temperature :";
        cin >> w[counter].lowTemp;
        cin.clear();
        cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
    }
}

void displayMonthName(Months m)
{
    switch (m)
    {
    case January:
        cout << "January";
        break;

    case February:
        cout << "February";
        break;

    case March:
        cout << "March";
        break;

    case April:
        cout << "April";
        break;

    case May:
        cout << "May";
        break;

    case June:
        cout << "June";
        break;

    case July:
        cout << "July";
        break;

    case August:
        cout << "August";
        break;

    case September:
        cout << "September";
        break;

    case October:
        cout << "October";
        break;

    case November:
        cout << "November";
        break;

    case December:
        cout << "December";
        break;
    }
}

Answer 1

First things first, int counter should be outside of the for loop otherwise you are reinitializing it to 0 and passing 0 to the getData function each time.

int counter = 0; // Should be here.

for (thisMonth = January; thisMonth <= December; thisMonth = static_cast<Months>(thisMonth +1))
    {
        //Not here
        displayMonthName(thisMonth);
        cout << " | Month "<< thisMonth+1 << " " << endl;

        getData(w, counter);
        counter++;

    }

Next, you are iterating through the array 1 too many times. Change <= to <.

void showData(struct Weather* w, int SIZE)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
    {
        cout << w[i].rainFall << endl;
        cout << w[i].highTemp << endl;
        cout << w[i].lowTemp << endl << endl;
    }
}