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c#arrays
UnkwnTech
UnkwnTech

Reputation: 90881

Array of an unknown length in C#

I've just started learning C# and in the introduction to arrays they showed how to establish a variable as an array but is seems that one must specify the length of the array at assignment, so what if I don't know the length of the array?

Upvotes: 99

Views: 253203

Answers (11)

Ken Janka
Ken Janka

Reputation: 163

If you really need to use an array instead of a list, then you can create an array whose size is calculated at run time like so...

e.g i want a two dimensional array of size n by n. n will be gotten at run time from the user

int n = 0;
bool isInteger = int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out n);
var x = new int[n,n];

Upvotes: 1

TFD
TFD

Reputation: 24534

Use List<> to build up an 'array' of unknown length.

Use List<>.ToArray() to return a real array, and not a List.

var list = new List<int>();
list.Add(1);
list.Add(2);
list.Add(3);
var array = list.ToArray();

Upvotes: 55

Diego Jancic
Diego Jancic

Reputation: 7440

Use an ArrayList if in .NET 1.x, or a List<yourtype> if in .NET 2.0 or 3.x.

Search for them in System.Collections and System.Collections.Generics.

Upvotes: 3

Samuel
Samuel

Reputation: 38346

Arrays must be assigned a length. To allow for any number of elements, use the List class.

For example:

List<int> myInts = new List<int>();
myInts.Add(5);
myInts.Add(10);
myInts.Add(11);
myInts.Count // = 3

Upvotes: 126

winwaed
winwaed

Reputation: 7801

As detailed above, the generic List<> is the best way of doing it.

If you're stuck in .NET 1.*, then you will have to use the ArrayList class instead. This does not have compile-time type checking and you also have to add casting - messy.

Successive versions have also implemented various variations - including thread safe variants.

Upvotes: 1

JulianR
JulianR

Reputation: 16513

A little background information:

As said, if you want to have a dynamic collection of things, use a List<T>. Internally, a List uses an array for storage too. That array has a fixed size just like any other array. Once an array is declared as having a size, it doesn't change. When you add an item to a List, it's added to the array. Initially, the List starts out with an array that I believe has a length of 16. When you try to add the 17th item to the List, what happens is that a new array is allocated, that's (I think) twice the size of the old one, so 32 items. Then the content of the old array is copied into the new array. So while a List may appear dynamic to the outside observer, internally it has to comply to the rules as well.

And as you might have guessed, the copying and allocation of the arrays isn't free so one should aim to have as few of those as possible and to do that you can specify (in the constructor of List) an initial size of the array, which in a perfect scenario is just big enough to hold everything you want. However, this is micro-optimization and it's unlikely it will ever matter to you, but it's always nice to know what you're actually doing.

Upvotes: 29

Novice
Novice

Reputation: 913

In a nutshell, please use Collections and Generics.

It's a must for any C# developer, it's worth spending time to learn :)

Upvotes: 1

Crash893
Crash893

Reputation: 11702

You might also want to look into Dictionarys if your data is unique, This will give you two columns to work with.

User name , Total bill

it gives you a lot of built in tools to search and update just the value.

Upvotes: 2

Hannoun Yassir
Hannoun Yassir

Reputation: 21192

try a generic list instead of array

Upvotes: 1

mqp
mqp

Reputation: 71945

You can create an array with the size set to a variable, i.e.

int size = 50;
string[] words = new string[size]; // contains 50 strings

However, that size can't change later on, if you decide you need 100 words. If you need the size to be really dynamic, you'll need to use a different sort of data structure. Try List.

Upvotes: 19

yfeldblum
yfeldblum

Reputation: 65435

var yummy = new List<string>();
while(person.FeelsHappy()) {
    yummy.Add(person.GetNewFavoriteFood());
}
Console.WriteLine("Sweet! I have a list of size {0}.", list.Count);
Console.WriteLine("I didn't even need to know how big to make it " +
    "until I finished making it!");

Upvotes: 1

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